• springboot打包成zip部署,并实现优雅停机


    springboot打包成zip部署,并实现优雅停机


    更新:本文重点是springboot打包成zip(tar.gz),关于启停应用可以看《springboot 启动脚本优化》和《springboot shutdown(停机)


    众所周知springboot项目,使用springboot插件打包的话,会打包成一个包含依赖的可执行jar,非常方便。只要有java运行环境的电脑上,运行java -jar xxx.jar就可以直接运行项目。

    但是这样的缺点也很明显,如果我要改个配置,要将jar包中的配置文件取出来,修改完再放回去。这样做在windows下还比较容易。如果在linux上面就很费劲了。

    另外如果代码中需要读取一些文件(比如说一张图片),也被打进jar中,就没办法像在磁盘中时一句File file = new File(path)代码就可以读取了。(当然这个可以使用spring的ClassPathResource来解决)。

    还有很多公司项目上线后,都是增量发布,这样如果只有一个jar 的话,增量发布也是很麻烦的事情。虽然我是很讨厌这种增量发布的方式,因为会造成线上生产环境和开发环境有很多不一致的地方,这样在找问题的时候会走很多弯路。很不幸我现在在的项目也是这样的情况,而且最近接的任务就是用springboot搭建一个定时任务服务,为了维护方便,最后决定将项目打包成zip进行部署。

    网上找到了很多springboot打包成zip的文章,不过基本都是将依赖从springboot的jar中拿出来放到lib目录中,再将项目的jar包中META-INF中指定lib到classpath中。这样做还是会有上面的问题。

    最后我决定自己通过maven-assembly-plugin来实现这个功能。

    打包

    首先maven-assembly-plugin是将项目打包的一个插件。可以通过指定配置文件来决定打包的具体要求。

    我的想法是将class打包到classes中,配置文件打包到conf中,项目依赖打包到lib中,当然还有自己编写的启动脚本在bin目录中。

    如图

    2019-08-12-153019.png

    maven的target/classes下就是项目编译好的代码和配置文件。原来的做法是在assembly.xml中配置筛选,将该目录下class文件打包进classes中,除class文件打包到conf中(bin目录文件打包进bin目录,项目依赖打包进lib目录)。结果发现conf目录下会有空文件夹(java包路径)。

    pom.xml

    <plugin>
        <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
        <configuration>
            <appendAssemblyId>false</appendAssemblyId>
            <descriptors>
                <descriptor>assembly/assembly.xml</descriptor>
            </descriptors>
        </configuration>
        <executions>
            <execution>
                <id>make-assembly</id>
                <phase>package</phase>
                <goals>
                    <goal>single</goal>
                </goals>
            </execution>
        </executions>
    </plugin>
    

    assembly.xml

    <assembly
            xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-assembly-plugin/assembly/1.1.2"
            xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
            xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-assembly-plugin/assembly/1.1.2 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/assembly-1.1.2.xsd">
        <id>package</id>
        <formats>
            <format>zip</format>
        </formats>
        <includeBaseDirectory>true</includeBaseDirectory>
        <dependencySets>
            <dependencySet>
                <useProjectArtifact>true</useProjectArtifact>
                <outputDirectory>lib</outputDirectory>
                <excludes>
                    <exclude>
                        ${groupId}:${artifactId}
                    </exclude>
                </excludes>
            </dependencySet>
        </dependencySets>
        <fileSets>
            <fileSet>
                <directory>bin</directory>
                <outputDirectory>/bin</outputDirectory>
                <fileMode>777</fileMode>
            </fileSet>
            <fileSet>
                <directory>${project.build.directory}/conf</directory>
                <outputDirectory>/conf</outputDirectory>
                <excludes>
                    <exclude>**/*.class</exclude>
                    <exclude>META-INF/*</exclude>
                </excludes>
            </fileSet>
            <fileSet>
                <directory>${project.build.directory}/classes</directory>
                <outputDirectory>/classes</outputDirectory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.class</include>
                    <include>META-INF/*</include>
                </includes>
            </fileSet>
        </fileSets>
    </assembly>
    

    其实这样是不影响项目运行的,但是我看着很难受,尝试了很多方法去修改配置来达到不打包空文件夹的效果。但是都没成功。

    然后我换了个方式,通过maven-resources-plugin插件将配置文件在编译的时候就复制一份到target/conf目录下,打包的时候配置文件从conf目录中取。这样就可以避免打包空白文件夹到conf目录中的情况。

    pom.xml

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>compile-resources</id>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>resources</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <configuration>
                            <encoding>utf-8</encoding>
                            <useDefaultDelimiters>true</useDefaultDelimiters>
                            <resources>
                                <resource>
                                    <directory>src/main/resources/</directory>
                                    <filtering>true</filtering>
                                    <includes><!--只对yml文件进行替换-->
                                        <include>*.yml</include>
                                    </includes>
                                </resource>
                                <resource>
                                    <directory>src/main/resources/</directory>
                                    <filtering>false</filtering>
                                </resource>
                            </resources>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                    <execution>
                        <id>copy-resources</id>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>resources</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <configuration>
                            <encoding>utf-8</encoding>
                            <useDefaultDelimiters>true</useDefaultDelimiters>
                            <resources>
                                <resource>
                                    <directory>src/main/resources/</directory>
                                    <filtering>true</filtering>
                                    <includes><!--只对yml文件进行替换-->
                                        <include>*.yml</include>
                                    </includes>
                                </resource>
                                <resource>
                                    <directory>src/main/resources/</directory>
                                    <filtering>false</filtering>
                                </resource>
                            </resources>
                            <outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/conf</outputDirectory>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
            <!-- springboot maven打包-->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <appendAssemblyId>false</appendAssemblyId>
                    <descriptors>
                        <descriptor>assembly/assembly.xml</descriptor>
                    </descriptors>
                </configuration>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>make-assembly</id>
                        <phase>package</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>single</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
    

    assembly.xml

    <assembly
            xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-assembly-plugin/assembly/1.1.2"
            xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
            xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-assembly-plugin/assembly/1.1.2 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/assembly-1.1.2.xsd">
        <id>package</id>
        <formats>
            <format>zip</format>
            <format>tar.gz</format>
        </formats>
        <includeBaseDirectory>true</includeBaseDirectory>
        <dependencySets>
            <dependencySet>
                <useProjectArtifact>true</useProjectArtifact>
                <outputDirectory>lib</outputDirectory>
                <excludes>
                    <exclude>
                        ${groupId}:${artifactId}
                    </exclude>
                </excludes>
            </dependencySet>
        </dependencySets>
        <fileSets>
            <fileSet>
                <directory>bin</directory>
                <outputDirectory>/bin</outputDirectory>
                <fileMode>777</fileMode>
            </fileSet>
            <fileSet>
                <directory>${project.build.directory}/conf</directory>
                <outputDirectory>/conf</outputDirectory>
            </fileSet>
            <fileSet>
                <directory>${project.build.directory}/classes</directory>
                <outputDirectory>/classes</outputDirectory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.class</include>
                    <include>META-INF/*</include>
                </includes>
            </fileSet>
        </fileSets>
    </assembly>
    

    pom文件中resources插件配置了2个execution,一个是正常往classes中写配置文件的execution,一个是往conf写配置文件的execution。这样做的好处是不影响maven本身的打包逻辑。如果再配置一个springboot的打包插件,也可以正常打包,执行。

    执行

    原来打包成jar后,只要一句java -jar xxx.jar就可以启动项目。现在为多个文件夹的情况下,就要手动指定环境,通过java -classpath XXX xxx.xxx.MainClass来启动项目,所以写了启动脚本。

    run.sh

    #!/bin/bash 
    
    #Java程序所在的目录(classes的上一级目录) 
    APP_HOME=..
    
    #需要启动的Java主程序(main方法类) 
    APP_MAIN_CLASS="io.github.loanon.springboot.MainApplication"
    
    #拼凑完整的classpath参数,包括指定lib目录下所有的jar 
    CLASSPATH="$APP_HOME/conf:$APP_HOME/lib/*:$APP_HOME/classes"
    
    s_pid=0
    checkPid() {
       java_ps=`jps -l | grep $APP_MAIN_CLASS`
       if [ -n "$java_ps" ]; then
          s_pid=`echo $java_ps | awk '{print $1}'`
       else 
          s_pid=0
       fi 
    } 
    
    start() { 
    checkPid
    if [ $s_pid -ne 0 ]; then
        echo "================================================================"
        echo "warn: $APP_MAIN_CLASS already started! (pid=$s_pid)"
        echo "================================================================"
    else
        echo -n "Starting $APP_MAIN_CLASS ..."
        nohup java -classpath $CLASSPATH $APP_MAIN_CLASS >./st.out 2>&1 &
        checkPid
        if [ $s_pid -ne 0 ]; then
            echo "(pid=$s_pid) [OK]"
        else
            echo "[Failed]"
        fi
    fi 
    }
    
    echo "start project......"
    start
    

    run.cmd

    @echo off
    set APP_HOME=..
    set CLASS_PATH=%APP_HOME%/lib/*;%APP_HOME%/classes;%APP_HOME%/conf;
    set APP_MAIN_CLASS=io.github.loanon.springboot.MainApplication
    java -classpath %CLASS_PATH% %APP_MAIN_CLASS%
    

    这样就可以启动项目了。

    停止

    linux下停止tomcat一般怎么做?当然是通过运行shutdown.sh。这样做有什么好处呢?可以优雅停机。何为优雅停机?简单点说就是让代码把做了一半工作的做完,还没做的(新的任务,请求)就不要做了,然后停机。

    因为做的是定时任务处理数据的功能。试想下如果一个任务做了一半,我给停了,这个任务处理的数据被我标记了在处理中,下次重启后,就不再处理,那么这些数据就一直不会再被处理。所以需要像tomcat一样能优雅停机。

    网上查询springboot优雅停机相关资料。主要是使用spring-boot-starter-actuator,不过很多人说这个在1.X的springboot中可以用,springboot 2.X不能用,需要自己写相关代码来支持,亲测springboot 2.0.4.RELEASE可以用。pom文件中引入相关依赖。

    pom.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <parent>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.4.RELEASE</version>
            <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
        </parent>
    
        <groupId>io.github.loanon</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-zip</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    
        <properties>
            <java.version>1.8</java.version>
            <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
            <maven.compiler.encoding>UTF-8</maven.compiler.encoding>
            <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
            <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
            <maven.compiler.source>${java.version}</maven.compiler.source>
            <maven.compiler.target>${java.version}</maven.compiler.target>
        </properties>
    
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <!-- springboot监控 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <!--springboot自定义配置-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-autoconfigure-processor</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <!--定时任务-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-quartz</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <!--发送http请求 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
                <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
                <artifactId>httpmime</artifactId>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    
        <build>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
                    <executions>
                        <execution>
                            <id>compile-resources</id>
                            <goals>
                                <goal>resources</goal>
                            </goals>
                            <configuration>
                                <encoding>utf-8</encoding>
                                <useDefaultDelimiters>true</useDefaultDelimiters>
                                <resources>
                                    <resource>
                                        <directory>src/main/resources/</directory>
                                        <filtering>true</filtering>
                                        <includes><!--只对yml文件进行替换-->
                                            <include>*.yml</include>
                                        </includes>
                                    </resource>
                                    <resource>
                                        <directory>src/main/resources/</directory>
                                        <filtering>false</filtering>
                                    </resource>
                                </resources>
                            </configuration>
                        </execution>
                        <execution>
                            <id>copy-resources</id>
                            <goals>
                                <goal>resources</goal>
                            </goals>
                            <configuration>
                                <encoding>utf-8</encoding>
                                <useDefaultDelimiters>true</useDefaultDelimiters>
                                <resources>
                                    <resource>
                                        <directory>src/main/resources/</directory>
                                        <filtering>true</filtering>
                                        <includes><!--只对yml文件进行替换-->
                                            <include>*.yml</include>
                                        </includes>
                                    </resource>
                                    <resource>
                                        <directory>src/main/resources/</directory>
                                        <filtering>false</filtering>
                                    </resource>
                                </resources>
                                <outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/conf</outputDirectory>
                            </configuration>
                        </execution>
                    </executions>
                </plugin>
                <!-- springboot maven打包-->
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
                    <configuration>
                        <appendAssemblyId>false</appendAssemblyId>
                        <descriptors>
                            <descriptor>assembly/assembly.xml</descriptor>
                        </descriptors>
                    </configuration>
                    <executions>
                        <execution>
                            <id>make-assembly</id>
                            <phase>package</phase>
                            <goals>
                                <goal>single</goal>
                            </goals>
                        </execution>
                    </executions>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
    </project>
    

    在application.yml中配置一下

    application.yml

    management: #开启监控管理,优雅停机
      server:
        ssl:
          enabled: false
      endpoints:
        web:
          exposure:
            include: "*"
      endpoint:
        health:
          show-details: always
        shutdown:
          enabled: true #启用shutdown端点
    

    启动项目,可以通过POST方式访问/actuator/shutdown让项目停机。

    实际线上可能没办法方便的发送POST请求,所以写个类处理下

    Shutdown.java

    package io.github.loanon.springboot;
    
    import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
    import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
    import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    
    /**
     * 应用关闭入口
     * @author dingzg
     */
    public class Shutdown {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            String url = null;
            if (args.length > 0) {
                url = args[0];
            } else {
                return;
            }
            HttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
            HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
            try {
                httpClient.execute(httpPost);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
    

    只要将启动脚本中的启动类改成Shutdown类,并指定请求的地址即可。

    stop.sh

    #!/bin/bash
    
    #Java程序所在的目录(classes的上一级目录)
    APP_HOME=..
    
    #需要启动的Java主程序(main方法类)
    APP_MAIN_CLASS="io.github.loanon.springboot.MainApplication"
    SHUTDOWN_CLASS="io.github.loanon.springboot.Shutdown"
    
    #拼凑完整的classpath参数,包括指定lib目录下所有的jar
    CLASSPATH="$APP_HOME/conf:$APP_HOME/lib/*:$APP_HOME/classes"
    
    ARGS="http://127.0.0.1:8080/actuator/shutdown"
    
    s_pid=0
    checkPid() {
       java_ps=`jps -l | grep $APP_MAIN_CLASS`
       if [ -n "$java_ps" ]; then
          s_pid=`echo $java_ps | awk '{print $1}'`
       else
          s_pid=0
       fi
    }
    
    stop() {
    checkPid
    if [ $s_pid -ne 0 ]; then
        echo -n "Stopping $APP_MAIN_CLASS ...(pid=$s_pid) "
        nohup java -classpath $CLASSPATH $SHUTDOWN_CLASS $ARGS >./shutdown.out 2>&1 &
        if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
           echo "[OK]"
        else
           echo "[Failed]"
        fi
        sleep 3
        checkPid
        if [ $s_pid -ne 0 ]; then
           stop
        else
           echo "$APP_MAIN_CLASS Stopped"
        fi
    else
        echo "================================================================"
        echo "warn: $APP_MAIN_CLASS is not running"
        echo "================================================================"
    fi
    }
    
    echo "stop project......"
    stop
    

    stop.cmd

    @echo off
    set APP_HOME=..
    set CLASS_PATH=%APP_HOME%/lib/*;%APP_HOME%/classes;%APP_HOME%/conf;
    set SHUTDOWN_CLASS=io.github.loanon.springboot.Shutdown
    set ARGS=http://127.0.0.1:8080/actuator/shutdown
    java -classpath %CLASS_PATH% %SHUTDOWN_CLASS% %ARGS%
    

    这样就可以通过脚本来启停项目。

    其他

    关于停机这块还是有缺点,主要是安全性。如果不加校验都可以访问接口,别人也就可以随便让我们的项目停机,实际操作过程中我是通过将web地址绑定到127.0.0.1这个地址上,不允许远程访问。当然也可添加spring-security做严格的权限控制,主要项目中没有用到web功能,只是spring-quartz的定时任务功能,所以就将地址绑定到本地才能访问。而且项目本身也是在内网运行,基本可以保证安全。

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/jimmyfan/p/11340899.html
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