c#操作XML文件的通用方法

本文导读：我们在编写C#程序时，经常会通过C#访问XML文件，实现对XML文档的读写操作。下面为大家列出了通用的调用方法，大家可以将这些方法放在共用类里，其它的程序共享调用就可以了。

下面通过一个类将我们平时用c#操作XML文件的通用方法详细的介绍一下，关于asp.net C#操作xml文档实现代码，大家可以参考参考。

using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Security;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
using System.Xml;
using System.Collections;
using System.IO;


public class XMLHealper
{

    public XMLHealper()
    {
        FilePath = XMLPath.GetXMLPath();
        OpenXML();
    }

    private XmlDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
    XmlNode xmlnode;
    XmlElement xmlelem;

    private string errorMess;
    public string ErrorMess
    {
        get { return errorMess; }
        set { errorMess = value; }
    }

    private string filePath;
    public string FilePath
    {
        set { filePath = value; }
        get { return filePath; }
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// 加载XML文件，创建操作对象
    /// </summary>
    public void OpenXML()
    {
        try
        {
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(FilePath))
            {
                xmlDoc.Load(filePath);
            }
            else
            {
                FilePath = string.Format(@"D:\XMLExample.xml"); //默认路径
                xmlDoc.Load(filePath);
            }
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            ErrorMess = ex;
        }
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// 创建一个带有根节点的Xml 文件
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="FileName">Xml 文件名称</param>
    /// <param name="rootName">根节点名称</param>
    /// <param name="Encode">编码方式:gb2312，UTF-8 等常见的</param>
    /// <param name="DirPath">保存的目录路径</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public bool CreatexmlDocument(string FileName, string rootName, string Encode)
    {
        try
        {
            XmlDeclaration xmldecl;
            xmldecl = xmlDoc.CreateXmlDeclaration("1.0", Encode, null);
            xmlDoc.AppendChild(xmldecl);
            xmlelem = xmlDoc.CreateElement("", rootName, "");
            xmlDoc.AppendChild(xmlelem);
            xmlDoc.Save(FileName);
            return true;
        }
        catch (Exception e)
        {
            return false;
        }
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// 得到数据表
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public DataView GetData()
    {
        xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
        DataSet ds = new DataSet();
        StringReader read = new StringReader(xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(FilePath).OuterXml);
        ds.ReadXml(read);
        return ds.Tables[0].DefaultView;
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// 读取指定节点的指定属性值
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="strNode">节点名称(相对路径：//+节点名称)</param>
    /// <param name="strAttribute">此节点的属性</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public string GetXmlNodeValue(string strNode, string strAttribute)
    {
        string strReturn = "";
        try
        {
            //根据指定路径获取节点
            XmlNode xmlNode = xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(strNode);
            //获取节点的属性，并循环取出需要的属性值
            XmlAttributeCollection xmlAttr = xmlNode.Attributes;

            for (int i = 0; i < xmlAttr.Count; i++)
            {
                if (xmlAttr.Item(i).Name == strAttribute)
                {
                    strReturn = xmlAttr.Item(i).Value;
                }
            }
        }
        catch (XmlException xmle)
        {
            throw xmle;
        }
        return strReturn;
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// 读取指定节点的值
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="strNode">节点名称</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public string GetXmlNodeValue(string strNode)
    {
        string strReturn = String.Empty;
        try
        {
            //根据路径获取节点
            XmlNode xmlNode = xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(strNode);
            strReturn = xmlNode.InnerText;
        }
        catch (XmlException xmle)
        {
            System.Console.WriteLine(xmle.Message);
        }
        return strReturn;
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// 获取XML文件的根元素
    /// </summary>
    public XmlNode GetXmlRoot()
    {
        return xmlDoc.DocumentElement;
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// 获取XML节点值
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="nodeName"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public string GetNodeValue(string nodeName)
    {
        xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
        xmlDoc.Load(FilePath);

        XmlNodeList xnl = xmlDoc.ChildNodes;
        foreach (XmlNode xnf in xnl)
        {
            XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xnf;
            XmlNodeList xnf1 = xe.ChildNodes;
            foreach (XmlNode xn2 in xnf1)
            {
                if (xn2.InnerText == nodeName)
                {
                    XmlElement xe2 = (XmlElement)xn2;
                    return xe2.GetAttribute("value");
                }
            }
        }
        return null;
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// 设置节点值
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="strNode">节点的名称</param>
    /// <param name="newValue">节点值</param>
    public void SetXmlNodeValue(string xmlNodePath, string xmlNodeValue)
    {
        try
        {
            //根据指定路径获取节点
            XmlNode xmlNode = xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(xmlNodePath);
            //设置节点值
            xmlNode.InnerText = xmlNodeValue;
        }
        catch (XmlException xmle)
        {
            throw xmle;
        }
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// 在根节点下添加父节点
    /// </summary>
    public void AddParentNode(string parentNode)
    {
        XmlNode root = GetXmlRoot();
        XmlNode parentXmlNode = xmlDoc.CreateElement(parentNode);

        root.AppendChild(parentXmlNode);
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// 向一个已经存在的父节点中插入一个子节点
    /// </summary>
    public void AddChildNode(string parentNodePath, string childNodePath)
    {
        XmlNode parentXmlNode = xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(parentNodePath);
        XmlNode childXmlNode = xmlDoc.CreateElement(childNodePath);

        parentXmlNode.AppendChild(childXmlNode);
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// 向一个节点添加属性
    /// </summary>
    public void AddAttribute(string NodePath, string NodeAttribute)
    {
        XmlAttribute nodeAttribute = xmlDoc.CreateAttribute(NodeAttribute);
        XmlNode nodePath = xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(NodePath);
        nodePath.Attributes.Append(nodeAttribute);
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// 插入一个节点和它的若干子节点
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="NewNodeName">插入的节点名称</param>
    /// <param name="HasAttributes">此节点是否具有属性，True 为有，False 为无</param>
    /// <param name="fatherNode">此插入节点的父节点</param>
    /// <param name="htAtt">此节点的属性，Key 为属性名，Value 为属性值</param>
    /// <param name="htSubNode"> 子节点的属性， Key 为Name,Value 为InnerText</param>
    /// <returns>返回真为更新成功，否则失败</returns>
    public bool InsertNode(string NewNodeName, bool HasAttributes, string fatherNode, Hashtable htAtt, Hashtable htSubNode)
    {
        try
        {
            xmlDoc.Load(FilePath);
            XmlNode root = xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(fatherNode);
            xmlelem = xmlDoc.CreateElement(NewNodeName);
            if (htAtt != null && HasAttributes)//若此节点有属性，则先添加属性
            {
                SetAttributes(xmlelem, htAtt);
                AddNodes(xmlelem.Name, xmlDoc, xmlelem, htSubNode);//添加完此节点属性后，再添加它的子节点和它们的InnerText
            }
            else
            {
                AddNodes(xmlelem.Name, xmlDoc, xmlelem, htSubNode);//若此节点无属性，那么直接添加它的子节点
            }
            root.AppendChild(xmlelem);
            xmlDoc.Save(FilePath);
            return true;
        }
        catch (Exception e)
        {
            throw new Exception(e.Message);
        }
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// 设置节点属性
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="xe">节点所处的Element</param>
    /// <param name="htAttribute">节点属性，Key 代表属性名称，Value 代表属性值</param>
    public void SetAttributes(XmlElement xe, Hashtable htAttribute)
    {
        foreach (DictionaryEntry de in htAttribute)
        {
            xe.SetAttribute(de.Key.ToString(), de.Value.ToString());
        }
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// 增加子节点到根节点下
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="rootNode">上级节点名称</param>
    /// <param name="xmlDoc">Xml 文档</param>
    /// <param name="rootXe">父根节点所属的Element</param>
    /// <param name="SubNodes">子节点属性，Key 为Name 值，Value 为InnerText 值</param>
    public void AddNodes(string rootNode, XmlDocument xmlDoc, XmlElement rootXe, Hashtable SubNodes)
    {
        foreach (DictionaryEntry de in SubNodes)
        {
            xmlnode = xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(rootNode);
            XmlElement subNode = xmlDoc.CreateElement(de.Key.ToString());
            subNode.InnerText = de.Value.ToString();
            rootXe.AppendChild(subNode);
        }
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// 设置节点的属性值
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="xmlNodePath">节点名称</param>
    /// <param name="xmlNodeAttribute">属性名称</param>
    /// <param name="xmlNodeAttributeValue">属性值</param>
    public void SetXmlNodeValue(string xmlNodePath, string xmlNodeAttribute, string xmlNodeAttributeValue)
    {
        try
        {
            //根据指定路径获取节点
            XmlNode xmlNode = xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(xmlNodePath);

            //获取节点的属性，并循环取出需要的属性值
            XmlAttributeCollection xmlAttr = xmlNode.Attributes;
            for (int i = 0; i < xmlAttr.Count; i++)
            {
                if (xmlAttr.Item(i).Name == xmlNodeAttribute)
                {
                    xmlAttr.Item(i).Value = xmlNodeAttributeValue;
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        catch (XmlException xmle)
        {
            throw xmle;
        }
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// 更新节点
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="fatherNode">需要更新节点的上级节点</param>
    /// <param name="htAtt">需要更新的属性表，Key 代表需要更新的属性，Value 代表更新后的值</param>
    /// <param name="htSubNode">需要更新的子节点的属性表，Key 代表需要更新的子节点名字Name,Value 代表更新后的值InnerText</param>
    /// <returns>返回真为更新成功，否则失败</returns>
    public bool UpdateNode(string fatherNode, Hashtable htAtt, Hashtable htSubNode)
    {
        try
        {
            xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
            xmlDoc.Load(FilePath);
            XmlNodeList root = xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(fatherNode).ChildNodes;
            UpdateNodes(root, htAtt, htSubNode);
            xmlDoc.Save(FilePath);
            return true;
        }
        catch (Exception e)
        {
            throw new Exception(e.Message);
        }
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// 更新节点属性和子节点InnerText 值
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="root">根节点名字</param>
    /// <param name="htAtt">需要更改的属性名称和值</param>
    /// <param name="htSubNode">需要更改InnerText 的子节点名字和值</param>
    public void UpdateNodes(XmlNodeList root, Hashtable htAtt, Hashtable htSubNode)
    {
        foreach (XmlNode xn in root)
        {
            xmlelem = (XmlElement)xn;
            if (xmlelem.HasAttributes)//如果节点如属性，则先更改它的属性
            {
                foreach (DictionaryEntry de in htAtt)//遍历属性哈希表
                {
                    if (xmlelem.HasAttribute(de.Key.ToString()))//如果节点有需要更改的属性
                    {
                        xmlelem.SetAttribute(de.Key.ToString(), de.Value.ToString());//则把哈希表中相应的值Value 赋给此属性Key
                    }
                }
            }
            if (xmlelem.HasChildNodes)//如果有子节点，则修改其子节点的InnerText
            {
                XmlNodeList xnl = xmlelem.ChildNodes;
                foreach (XmlNode xn1 in xnl)
                {
                    XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xn1;
                    foreach (DictionaryEntry de in htSubNode)
                    {
                        if (xe.Name == de.Key.ToString())//htSubNode 中的key 存储了需要更改的节点名称，
                        {
                            xe.InnerText = de.Value.ToString();//htSubNode中的Value存储了Key 节点更新后的数据
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// 删除一个节点的属性
    /// </summary>
    public void DeleteAttribute(string NodePath, string NodeAttribute, string NodeAttributeValue)
    {
        XmlNodeList nodePath = xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(NodePath).ChildNodes;

        foreach (XmlNode xn in nodePath)
        {
            XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xn;

            if (xe.GetAttribute(NodeAttribute) == NodeAttributeValue)
            {
                xe.RemoveAttribute(NodeAttribute);//删除属性
            }
        }
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// 删除一个节点
    /// </summary>
    public void DeleteXmlNode(string tempXmlNode)
    {
        XmlNode xmlNodePath = xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(tempXmlNode);
        xmlNodePath.ParentNode.RemoveChild(xmlNodePath);
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// 删除指定节点下的子节点
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="fatherNode">制定节点</param>
    /// <returns>返回真为更新成功，否则失败</returns>
    public bool DeleteNodes(string fatherNode)
    {
        try
        {
            xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
            xmlDoc.Load(FilePath);
            xmlnode = xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(fatherNode);
            xmlnode.RemoveAll();
            xmlDoc.Save(FilePath);
            return true;
        }
        catch (XmlException xe)
        {
            throw new XmlException(xe.Message);
        }
    }


    #region 私有函数

    private string functionReturn(XmlNodeList xmlList, int i, string nodeName)
    {
        string node = xmlList[i].ToString();
        string rusultNode = "";
        for (int j = 0; j < i; j++)
        {
            if (node == nodeName)
            {
                rusultNode = node.ToString();
            }
            else
            {
                if (xmlList[j].HasChildNodes)
                {
                    functionReturn(xmlList, j, nodeName);
                }
                else
                {
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        return rusultNode;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 保存XML文件
    /// </summary>
    public void SavexmlDocument()
    {
        try
        {
            xmlDoc.Save(FilePath);
        }
        catch (XmlException xmle)
        {
            throw xmle;
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 功能: 保存XML文件
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="tempXMLFilePath"></param>
    public void SavexmlDocument(string tempXMLFilePath)
    {
        try
        {
            xmlDoc.Save(tempXMLFilePath);
        }
        catch (XmlException xmle)
        {
            throw xmle;
        }
    }
    #endregion
}