• 转载：eclipse 搭建SSH项目（第二篇，有具体的项目例子）

    原文地址：http://blog.csdn.net/yeohcooller/article/details/9316923

    读博文前应该注意：

    1. 本文提纲：本文通过一个用户注册的实例讲解SSH的整合。创建Struts项目，整合Hibernate，整合Spring。最后总结如何熟练创建SSH项目。
    2. 仅是创建SSH项目，对于其他的扩展例如Struts的国际化，Hibernate的缓存优化，Spring的AOP等，本博文涉及不到。想学习更多的东西请搜索其他博文。
    3. 本项目的环境：Windows 8-64位，Eclipse Indigo Service Release 2，Tomcat 7.0，Struts-2.2.3.1，spring-framework-3.2.3.RELEASE（本来使用Spring3.1，但是整合Spring的时候启动服务器报错。错误信息竟然是Spring框架中的方法参数空指针。。。对比Spring3.2版本后，发现在3.2种增加了判断此参数是否为空，所以最终改为用Spring3.2.3的版本。详细错误信息见本目录下5），hibernate-release-4.0.0.CR6（整合Spring3时，可以启动服务器，但是点击注册后调用UserDao类的getHibernateTemplate().save(Obj)时浏览器页面报错，但是服务器没有反应。提示org.hibernate.SessionFactory中有没有openSession(Interceptor interceptor) 
      方法，但是Spring框架中的代码Session session = (entityInterceptor != null ? sessionFactory.openSession(entityInterceptor) : sessionFactory.openSession())显示用到该方法，虽然调用这段代码的方法传进来的entityInterceptor就为null。。。网上搜索无果，所以最终在整合Spring的时候使用Hibernate-3.6.10.Final。详细错误信息见本目录下6      ），MySQL 5.5.28下的project数据库。
    4. user表的创建脚本。 
      [sql] view plaincopyprint?
 
create table user(  
userId int auto_increment,  
userName varchar(16) not null,  
password varchar(16) not null,  
gender int not null,  
primary key(userId)  
);
       
    5. 使用Spring3.1时出现错误的详细信息。 
      [plain] view plaincopyprint?
 
SEVERE: Context initialization failed  
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'sessionFactory' defined in ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.NullPointerException  
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1445)  
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:522)  
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:459)  
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:294)  
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:225)  
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:291)  
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:193)  
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:567)  
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:913)  
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:464)  
    at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:381)  
    at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:283)  
    at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:111)  
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4723)  
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext$1.call(StandardContext.java:5226)  
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext$1.call(StandardContext.java:5221)  
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:334)  
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:166)  
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1110)  
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:603)  
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:722)  
Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException  
    at org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBuilder.scanPackages(LocalSessionFactoryBuilder.java:138)  
    at org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(LocalSessionFactoryBean.java:294)  
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1504)  
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1442)  
    ... 20 more  
  
七月 13, 2013 6:48:44 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext listenerStart  
SEVERE: Exception sending context initialized event to listener instance of class org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener  
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'sessionFactory' defined in ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.NullPointerException  
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1445)  
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:522)  
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:459)  
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:294)  
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:225)  
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:291)  
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:193)  
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:567)  
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:913)  
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:464)  
    at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:381)  
    at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:283)  
    at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:111)  
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4723)  
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext$1.call(StandardContext.java:5226)  
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext$1.call(StandardContext.java:5221)  
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:334)  
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:166)  
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1110)  
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:603)  
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:722)  
Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException  
    at org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBuilder.scanPackages(LocalSessionFactoryBuilder.java:138)  
    at org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(LocalSessionFactoryBean.java:294)  
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1504)  
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1442)  
    ... 20 more
       
    6. 整合Spring时候，使用Hibernate时点击注册报错信息。 
      [plain] view plaincopyprint?
 
java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException  
    sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)  
    sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)  
    sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)  
    java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invokeAction(DefaultActionInvocation.java:452)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invokeActionOnly(DefaultActionInvocation.java:291)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:254)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.DefaultWorkflowInterceptor.doIntercept(DefaultWorkflowInterceptor.java:176)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:98)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.ValidationInterceptor.doIntercept(ValidationInterceptor.java:263)  
    org.apache.struts2.interceptor.validation.AnnotationValidationInterceptor.doIntercept(AnnotationValidationInterceptor.java:68)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:98)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ConversionErrorInterceptor.intercept(ConversionErrorInterceptor.java:138)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ParametersInterceptor.doIntercept(ParametersInterceptor.java:207)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:98)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ParametersInterceptor.doIntercept(ParametersInterceptor.java:207)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:98)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.StaticParametersInterceptor.intercept(StaticParametersInterceptor.java:190)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)  
    org.apache.struts2.interceptor.MultiselectInterceptor.intercept(MultiselectInterceptor.java:75)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)  
    org.apache.struts2.interceptor.CheckboxInterceptor.intercept(CheckboxInterceptor.java:94)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)  
    org.apache.struts2.interceptor.FileUploadInterceptor.intercept(FileUploadInterceptor.java:243)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ModelDrivenInterceptor.intercept(ModelDrivenInterceptor.java:100)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ScopedModelDrivenInterceptor.intercept(ScopedModelDrivenInterceptor.java:141)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)  
    org.apache.struts2.interceptor.debugging.DebuggingInterceptor.intercept(DebuggingInterceptor.java:270)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ChainingInterceptor.intercept(ChainingInterceptor.java:145)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.PrepareInterceptor.doIntercept(PrepareInterceptor.java:171)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:98)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.I18nInterceptor.intercept(I18nInterceptor.java:176)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)  
    org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletConfigInterceptor.intercept(ServletConfigInterceptor.java:164)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.AliasInterceptor.intercept(AliasInterceptor.java:190)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ExceptionMappingInterceptor.intercept(ExceptionMappingInterceptor.java:187)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)  
    org.apache.struts2.impl.StrutsActionProxy.execute(StrutsActionProxy.java:52)  
    org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.serviceAction(Dispatcher.java:498)  
    org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.ExecuteOperations.executeAction(ExecuteOperations.java:77)  
    org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.doFilter(StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.java:91)  
  
root cause  
  
java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: org.hibernate.SessionFactory.openSession()Lorg/hibernate/classic/Session;  
    org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.SessionFactoryUtils.doGetSession(SessionFactoryUtils.java:323)  
    org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.SessionFactoryUtils.getSession(SessionFactoryUtils.java:235)  
    org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate.getSession(HibernateTemplate.java:457)  
    org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate.doExecute(HibernateTemplate.java:392)  
    org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate.executeWithNativeSession(HibernateTemplate.java:374)  
    org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate.save(HibernateTemplate.java:683)  
    com.ynwi.ssh.daoImpl.UserDao.saveObject(UserDao.java:12)  
    com.ynwi.ssh.serviceImpl.UserManagerImpl.regUser(UserManagerImpl.java:23)  
    com.ynwi.ssh.action.RegisterAction.execute(RegisterAction.java:29)  
    sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)  
    sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)  
    sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)  
    java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invokeAction(DefaultActionInvocation.java:452)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invokeActionOnly(DefaultActionInvocation.java:291)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:254)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.DefaultWorkflowInterceptor.doIntercept(DefaultWorkflowInterceptor.java:176)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:98)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.ValidationInterceptor.doIntercept(ValidationInterceptor.java:263)  
    org.apache.struts2.interceptor.validation.AnnotationValidationInterceptor.doIntercept(AnnotationValidationInterceptor.java:68)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:98)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ConversionErrorInterceptor.intercept(ConversionErrorInterceptor.java:138)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ParametersInterceptor.doIntercept(ParametersInterceptor.java:207)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:98)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ParametersInterceptor.doIntercept(ParametersInterceptor.java:207)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:98)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.StaticParametersInterceptor.intercept(StaticParametersInterceptor.java:190)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)  
    org.apache.struts2.interceptor.MultiselectInterceptor.intercept(MultiselectInterceptor.java:75)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)  
    org.apache.struts2.interceptor.CheckboxInterceptor.intercept(CheckboxInterceptor.java:94)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)  
    org.apache.struts2.interceptor.FileUploadInterceptor.intercept(FileUploadInterceptor.java:243)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ModelDrivenInterceptor.intercept(ModelDrivenInterceptor.java:100)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ScopedModelDrivenInterceptor.intercept(ScopedModelDrivenInterceptor.java:141)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)  
    org.apache.struts2.interceptor.debugging.DebuggingInterceptor.intercept(DebuggingInterceptor.java:270)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ChainingInterceptor.intercept(ChainingInterceptor.java:145)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.PrepareInterceptor.doIntercept(PrepareInterceptor.java:171)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:98)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.I18nInterceptor.intercept(I18nInterceptor.java:176)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)  
    org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletConfigInterceptor.intercept(ServletConfigInterceptor.java:164)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.AliasInterceptor.intercept(AliasInterceptor.java:190)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ExceptionMappingInterceptor.intercept(ExceptionMappingInterceptor.java:187)  
    com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)  
    org.apache.struts2.impl.StrutsActionProxy.execute(StrutsActionProxy.java:52)  
    org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.serviceAction(Dispatcher.java:498)  
    org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.ExecuteOperations.executeAction(ExecuteOperations.java:77)  
    org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.doFilter(StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.java:91)
       

    创建Struts项目

    创建工程

    1. 在Eclipse中创建一个Dynamic Web Project，本文项目名称为SSHProject。
    2. 把Struts内apps文件夹下的struts2-blank war包用压缩工具解压，然后把WEB-INF/lib内的jar包和WEB-INF下的web.xml文件分别复制到SSHProject项目下的WEB-INF/lib内和WEB-INF下。
    3. 在src目录下创建相应package。
    4. 在WebContent下创建Register.jsp文件，并分别创建注册成功和注册失败的Success.jsp和Fail.jsp。

    操作完成后的结构如图所示：

    编写代码

    • web.xml的内容。
    [html] view plaincopyprint?
 
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<web-app id="WebApp_9" version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"  
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">  
  
    <display-name>SSH Project</display-name>  
  
    <filter>  
        <filter-name>SSH</filter-name>  
        <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>  
    </filter>  
  
    <filter-mapping>  
        <filter-name>SSH</filter-name>  
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  
    </filter-mapping>  
  
    <welcome-file-list>  
        <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>  
    </welcome-file-list>  
  
</web-app>
    • Register.jsp的内容。
    [html] view plaincopyprint?
 
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"  
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>  
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%>  
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">  
<html>  
<head>  
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">  
<title>User Register Page</title>  
</head>  
<body>  
  
    <s:form action="register">  
        <s:textfield name="user.username" label="用户名"></s:textfield>  
        <s:password name="user.password" label="密码"></s:password>  
        <s:select list="#{'1':'男','0':'女'}" listKey="key" listValue="value"  
            name="user.gender" label="性别" value="1"></s:select>  
        <s:submit value="注册"></s:submit>  
    </s:form>  
  
</body>  
</html>
    • 用户表单类UserForm.java的内容。
    [java] view plaincopyprint? 
     
package com.ynwi.ssh.beans;  
  
public class UserForm {  
  
    private String username;  
    private String password;  
    private int gender;  
  
    public String getUsername() {  
        return username;  
    }  
  
    public void setUsername(String username) {  
        this.username = username;  
    }  
  
    public String getPassword() {  
        return password;  
    }  
  
    public void setPassword(String password) {  
        this.password = password;  
    }  
  
    public int getGender() {  
        return gender;  
    }  
  
    public void setGender(int gender) {  
        this.gender = gender;  
    }  
  
}
    • 注册Action类RegisterAction.java的内容。
    [java] view plaincopyprint?
      
    package com.ynwi.ssh.action;  
  
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;  
import com.ynwi.ssh.beans.UserForm;  
import com.ynwi.ssh.service.UserManager;  
import com.ynwi.ssh.serviceImpl.UserManagerImpl;  
  
public class RegisterAction extends ActionSupport {  
  
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;  
  
    private UserForm user;  
  
    private UserManager userManager;  
  
    public UserForm getUser() {  
        return user;  
    }  
  
    public void setUser(UserForm user) {  
        this.user = user;  
    }  
  
    public UserManager getUserManager() {  
        return userManager;  
    }  
  
    public void setUserManager(UserManager userManager) {  
        this.userManager = userManager;  
    }  
  
    public String execute() {  
        try {  
            this.setUserManager(new UserManagerImpl());  
            userManager.regUser(user);  
            return SUCCESS;  
  
        } catch (Exception e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
            return ERROR;  
        }  
    }  
  
}
    • 验证文件RegisterAction-validation.xml的内容。该xml文件为RegisterAction的验证文件，命名格式固定，为< ActionName >-validation.xml。
    [html] view plaincopyprint?
      
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="GBK"?>  
<!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC "-//OpenSymphony Group//XWork Validator 1.0.2//EN"  
    "http://www.opensymphony.com/xwork/xwork-validator-1.0.2.dtd">  
  
<validators>  
    <!-- 添加对用户名的校验 -->  
    <field name="user.username">  
        <field-validator type="requiredstring">  
            <param name="trim">true</param>  
            <message>用户名不能为空</message>  
        </field-validator>  
        <field-validator type="regex">  
            <param name="expression"><![CDATA[(w{6,16})]]></param>  
            <message>用户名输入不合法，必须为长度在6~16中间的数字或字母</message>  
        </field-validator>  
    </field>  
      
    <!-- 添加对密码的校验 -->  
    <field name="user.password">  
        <field-validator type="requiredstring">  
            <param name="trim">true</param>  
            <message>密码不能为空</message>  
        </field-validator>  
        <field-validator type="regex">  
            <param name="expression"><![CDATA[(w{6,16})]]></param>  
            <message>密码输入不合法，必须为长度在6~16之间的数字或者字母</message>  
        </field-validator>  
    </field>  
</validators>
    • 业务逻辑接口UserManaer.java的内容。
    [java] view plaincopyprint?
      
    package com.ynwi.ssh.service;  
  
import com.ynwi.ssh.beans.UserForm;  
  
public interface UserManager {  
  
    public void regUser(UserForm user);  
  
}
    • 业务逻辑实现类UserManagerImpl.java的内容
    [java] view plaincopyprint?
      
    package com.ynwi.ssh.serviceImpl;  
  
import com.ynwi.ssh.beans.UserForm;  
import com.ynwi.ssh.service.UserManager;  
  
public class UserManagerImpl implements UserManager {  
  
    @Override  
    public void regUser(UserForm user) {  
          
    }  
  
}
    • 配置文件struts.xml的内容。
    [html] view plaincopyprint?
      
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>  
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC  
    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"  
    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">  
  
<struts>  
  
    <include file="struts-default.xml" />  
    <package name="ynwi" extends="struts-default">  
        <action name="register" class="com.ynwi.ssh.action.RegisterAction">  
            <result name="input">/Register.jsp</result>  
            <result name="success">/Success.jsp</result>  
            <result name="error">/Fail.jsp</result>  
        </action>  
    </package>  
  
</struts>

    Success.jsp和Fail.jsp仅仅只是一句提示注册成功和失败的话，这里就不在列出。

    运行效果

    • 输入访问Register.jsp的地址http://localhost:9090/SSHProject/Register.jsp后。

    • 输入用户名和密码不合法时。

    • 注册成功时。

    在Struts基础上整合Hibernate

    整合Hibernate

    1. 将Hibernate内的lib/required下的jar包和lib/jpa下的jar包复制到SSHProject项目的lib目录下。
    2. 在上面Struts项目的基础上添加com.ynwi.ssh.dao和com.ynwi.ssh.daoImpl包。分别创建BaseDao接口和UserDao类。
    3. 在数据库中创建对应的表user来写入要注册的用户。创建表的脚本见前言说明部分。
    4. 创建user表的Hibernate映射文件。因为这里要创建user表对应的POJO类，所以我这里把之前com.ynwi.ssh.beans包改成com.ynwi.ssh.forms包，用来存放页面传过来的表单数据，新创建com.ynwi.ssh.beans包，用来创建POJO对象来对应数据库中的表。路径：POJO类同目录。
    5. 建立Hibernate配置文件。路径：src目录下。
    6. 编写Session工厂类。整合Spring后，数据源的创建和SessionFactory的创建都交给Spring去管理，就无需这个工厂类了，所以这里我临时创建在daoImpl包里面。
    7. 修改业务逻辑实现类。

    操作完成后的结构如图所示：

    编写代码

    • 接口类BaseDao.java的内容。注意：接口里的两个get/set方法是为了让实现类覆盖。这样使用BaseDao dao = new UserDao()的时候，dao实体中有这两个方法。
    [java] view plaincopyprint?
      
    package com.ynwi.ssh.dao;  
  
import org.hibernate.HibernateException;  
import org.hibernate.Session;  
  
public interface BaseDao {  
  
    public void saveObject(Object obj) throws HibernateException;  
  
    public Session getSession();  
  
    public void setSession(Session session);  
}
    • 实现类UserDao.java的内容。
    [java] view plaincopyprint?
      
    package com.ynwi.ssh.daoImpl;  
  
import org.hibernate.HibernateException;  
import org.hibernate.Session;  
  
import com.ynwi.ssh.dao.BaseDao;  
  
public class UserDao implements BaseDao {  
  
    private Session session;  
  
    @Override  
    public Session getSession() {  
        return session;  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void setSession(Session session) {  
        this.session = session;  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void saveObject(Object obj) throws HibernateException {  
        session.save(obj);  
    }  
  
}
    • 表user的POJO类User.java的内容，因为跟UserForm.java内容差不多，所以不再列出。这个比UserForm.java多一个userId属性，因为在表user里面有userId的column。在POJO类里需要跟这个column有映射。
    • POJO类User.java的Hibernate映射文件User.hbm.xml的内容。代码<generator class="native"></generator>说明将根据本地数据库的设置来创建userId，如MySQL中将表user的userId设置为自动增长，则在保存记录是，userId将自动增长。对于需要在程序中指定主键的值，则将generator的class属性设置为assigned。
    [html] view plaincopyprint?
      
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding='UTF-8'?>  
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC  
                            "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"  
                            "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd" >  
  
<hibernate-mapping package="com.ynwi.ssh.beans">  
    <class name="User" table="user">  
        <id name="userId" column="userId">  
            <generator class="native"></generator>  
        </id>  
        <property name="username" column="userName" type="java.lang.String"  
            not-null="true" length="16"></property>  
        <property name="password" column="password" type="java.lang.String"  
            not-null="true" length="16" />  
        <property name="gender" column="gender" type="java.lang.Integer" length="1" />  
    </class>  
</hibernate-mapping>
    • Hibernate配置文件Hibernate.cfg.xml的内容。
    [html] view plaincopyprint?
      
    <?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>  
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC  
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"  
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">  
  
<hibernate-configuration>  
  <session-factory>  
    <!-- Database connection settings -->  
    <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>  
    <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/project</property>  
    <property name="connection.username">root</property>  
    <property name="connection.password">root</property>  
  
    <!-- JDBC connection pool (use the built-in) -->  
    <!-- <property name="connection.pool_size">1</property> -->  
  
    <!-- SQL dialect -->  
    <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>  
  
    <!-- Enable Hibernate's automatic session context management -->  
    <!-- <property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property> -->  
  
    <!-- Disable the second-level cache  -->  
    <!-- <property name="cache.provider_class">org.hibernate.cache.internal.NoCacheProvider</property> -->  
  
    <!-- Echo all executed SQL to stdout -->  
    <property name="show_sql">true</property>  
  
    <!-- Drop and re-create the database schema on startup -->  
    <!-- <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property> -->  
    <mapping resource="com/ynwi/ssh/beans/User.hbm.xml"/>  
  </session-factory>  
</hibernate-configuration>
    • 工厂类SessionFactory的内容。（这是使用Hibernate4时候的SessionFactory，Hibernate3时候sessionFactory的创建估计会不一样，请自行查阅。）
    [java] view plaincopyprint? 
     
package com.ynwi.ssh.daoImpl;  
  
import org.hibernate.HibernateException;  
import org.hibernate.Session;  
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;  
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;  
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry;  
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistryBuilder;  
  
public class HibernateSessionFactory {  
  
    private static final String CFG_FILE_LOCATION = "/Hibernate.cfg.xml";  
  
    private static final ThreadLocal<Session> threadLocal = new ThreadLocal<Session>();  
  
    private static final Configuration cfg = new Configuration()  
            .configure(CFG_FILE_LOCATION);  
  
    private static ServiceRegistryBuilder builder = new ServiceRegistryBuilder()  
            .applySettings(cfg.getProperties());  
  
    private static ServiceRegistry registry;  
  
    private static SessionFactory sessionFactory;  
  
    public static Session currentSession() throws HibernateException {  
        Session session = threadLocal.get();  
  
        if (session == null || session.isOpen() == false) {  
  
            if (sessionFactory == null) {  
                try {  
                    registry = builder.buildServiceRegistry();  
                    sessionFactory = cfg.buildSessionFactory(registry);  
                } catch (Exception e) {  
                    e.printStackTrace();  
                }  
            }  
  
            session = sessionFactory.openSession();  
            threadLocal.set(session);  
  
        }  
  
        return session;  
    }  
  
    public static void closeSession() throws HibernateException {  
        Session session = threadLocal.get();  
        threadLocal.set(null);  
        if (session != null) {  
            session.close();  
        }  
    }  
  
}
    • 修改后的业务逻辑实现类的内容。
    [java] view plaincopyprint?
      
    package com.ynwi.ssh.serviceImpl;  
  
import org.hibernate.HibernateException;  
import org.hibernate.Session;  
import org.hibernate.Transaction;  
  
import com.ynwi.ssh.beans.User;  
import com.ynwi.ssh.dao.BaseDao;  
import com.ynwi.ssh.daoImpl.HibernateSessionFactory;  
import com.ynwi.ssh.daoImpl.UserDao;  
import com.ynwi.ssh.forms.UserForm;  
import com.ynwi.ssh.service.UserManager;  
  
public class UserManagerImpl implements UserManager {  
  
    private BaseDao dao;  
  
    private Session session;  
  
    public UserManagerImpl() {  
        dao = new UserDao();  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void regUser(UserForm userForm) throws HibernateException {  
        session = HibernateSessionFactory.currentSession();  
        dao.setSession(session);  
        // 获取事务  
        Transaction ts = session.beginTransaction();  
        // 构造User对象  
        User user = new User();  
        user.setUsername(userForm.getUsername());  
        user.setPassword(userForm.getPassword());  
        user.setGender(userForm.getGender());  
        // 保存User对象  
        dao.saveObject(user);  
        // 提交事务  
        ts.commit();  
        // 关闭Session  
        HibernateSessionFactory.closeSession();  
    }  
  
}

    运行效果

    • 输入访问Register.jsp的地址http://localhost:9090/SSHProject/Register.jsp后。


    • 点击注册前后数据库里面的数据。

    在Struts + Hibernate项目中整合Spring

    整合Spring

    1. 将Spring内libs目录下包含所有的jar包（不需要复制结尾为sources和javadoc的jar包）到SSHProject项目的lib目录下。
    2. 编写Spring的配置文件applicationContext.xml。路径：src目录下，需要在web.xml配置context-param指定路径，或者把该文件放在WEB-INF下，跟web.xml同目录。这里由于Spring配置数据源的需要，需要把Hibernate内lib/optional/c3p0下的c3p0-0.9.1.jar复制到lib不目下。
    3. 修改BaseDao和UserDao。在引入Spring后，需要用Spring进行统一的事务管理，数据源和sessionFactory都交给Spring去生成，因此接口类和实现类BaseDao和UserDao都需要做相应的修改。Spring提供了HibernateDaoSupport类来完成对数据的操作，因此UserDao在实现BaseDao的同时还需要继承HibernateDaoSupport类。并将先前session的操作修改成HibernateTemplate（可通过getHibernateTemplate（）方法来获得）的操作。
    4. 修改业务逻辑实现类。在没有加入Spring之前，业务逻辑实现类的Session的获得，dao的实例化，以及事务的管理都是该类执行管理的。加入Spring后，这些都交给Spring去管理。该类的dao的实例化由Spring注入。
    5. 修改用户注册的RegisterAction类。同样，RegisterAction类中的userManager的实例化也由Spring注入。
    6. 删除Hibernate的配置文件Hibernate.cfg.xml和工厂类HibernateSesseionFactory类。他们的工作已经交给Spring去做，已经不再有用。
    7. 修改web.xml，加载Spring。要想启动时加载Spring的配置文件，需要在web.xml中配置对应的监听器（listenser），并制定Spring的配置文件。
    8. 修改Struts的配置文件struts.xml。把原来指定的名为register的action的class由原来的路径变为applicationContext.xml文件中该Action的id。

    操作完成后的结构如图所示：

    编写代码

    • Spring的配置文件applicationContext.xml的内容。
    [html] view plaincopyprint?
      
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">  
  
    <!-- 定义数据源的信息 -->  
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"  
        destroy-method="close">  
        <property name="driverClass">  
            <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>  
        </property>  
        <property name="jdbcUrl">  
            <value>jdbc:mysql://localhost/project</value>  
        </property>  
        <property name="user">  
            <value>root</value>  
        </property>  
        <property name="password">  
            <value>root</value>  
        </property>  
        <property name="maxPoolSize">  
            <value>80</value>  
        </property>  
        <property name="minPoolSize">  
            <value>1</value>  
        </property>  
        <property name="initialPoolSize">  
            <value>1</value>  
        </property>  
        <property name="maxIdleTime">  
            <value>20</value>  
        </property>  
    </bean>  
  
    <!--定义Hibernate的SessionFactory -->  
    <!-- SessionFactory使用的数据源为上面的数据源 -->  
    <!-- 指定了Hibernate的映射文件和配置信息 -->  
    <bean id="sessionFactory"  
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">  
        <property name="dataSource">  
            <ref local="dataSource" />  
        </property>  
        <property name="mappingResources">  
            <list>  
                <value>com/ynwi/ssh/beans/User.hbm.xml</value>  
            </list>  
        </property>  
        <property name="hibernateProperties">  
            <props>  
                <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>  
                <prop key="show_sql">true</prop>  
                <prop key="hibernate.jdbc.batch_size">20</prop>  
            </props>  
        </property>  
    </bean>  
  
    <bean id="transactionManager"  
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">  
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
    </bean>  
  
    <bean id="baseDao" class="com.ynwi.ssh.daoImpl.UserDao">  
        <property name="sessionFactory">  
            <ref bean="sessionFactory" />  
        </property>  
    </bean>  
  
    <!--用户注册业务逻辑类 -->  
    <bean id="userManager" class="com.ynwi.ssh.serviceImpl.UserManagerImpl">  
        <property name="dao">  
            <ref bean="baseDao" />  
        </property>  
    </bean>  
  
    <!-- 用户注册的Action -->  
    <bean id="regAction" class="com.ynwi.ssh.action.RegisterAction">  
        <property name="userManager">  
            <ref bean="userManager" />  
        </property>  
    </bean>  
  
    <!-- more bean definitions go here -->  
  
</beans>
    • 修改后的接口类Dao和实现类UserDao的内容。

    BaseDao.java

    [java] view plaincopyprint?
      
    package com.ynwi.ssh.dao;  
  
import org.hibernate.HibernateException;  
  
public interface BaseDao {  
  
    public void saveObject(Object obj) throws HibernateException;  
  
}

    UserDao.java

    [java] view plaincopyprint?
      
    package com.ynwi.ssh.daoImpl;  
  
import org.hibernate.HibernateException;  
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;  
  
import com.ynwi.ssh.dao.BaseDao;  
  
public class UserDao extends HibernateDaoSupport implements BaseDao {  
  
    @Override  
    public void saveObject(Object obj) throws HibernateException {  
        getHibernateTemplate().save(obj);  
    }  
  
}
    • 修改后的业务逻辑实现类UserManagerImpl的内容。
    [java] view plaincopyprint?
      
    package com.ynwi.ssh.serviceImpl;  
  
import org.hibernate.HibernateException;  
import org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils;  
  
import com.ynwi.ssh.beans.User;  
import com.ynwi.ssh.dao.BaseDao;  
import com.ynwi.ssh.forms.UserForm;  
import com.ynwi.ssh.service.UserManager;  
  
public class UserManagerImpl implements UserManager {  
  
    private BaseDao dao;  
  
    public void setDao(BaseDao dao) {  
        this.dao = dao;  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void regUser(UserForm userForm) throws HibernateException {  
        User user = new User();  
        BeanUtils.copyProperties(userForm, user);  
        dao.saveObject(user);  
    }  
  
}
    • 修改后的用户注册Action类RegisterAction的内容。
    [java] view plaincopyprint?
      
    package com.ynwi.ssh.action;  
  
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;  
import com.ynwi.ssh.forms.UserForm;  
import com.ynwi.ssh.service.UserManager;  
  
public class RegisterAction extends ActionSupport {  
  
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;  
  
    private UserForm user;  
  
    private UserManager userManager;  
  
    public UserForm getUser() {  
        return user;  
    }  
  
    public void setUser(UserForm user) {  
        this.user = user;  
    }  
  
    public void setUserManager(UserManager userManager) {  
        this.userManager = userManager;  
    }  
  
    public String execute() {  
        try {  
            userManager.regUser(user);  
            return SUCCESS;  
  
        } catch (Exception e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
            return ERROR;  
        }  
    }  
  
}
    • 修改后的web.xml的内容。
    [html] view plaincopyprint?
      
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<web-app id="WebApp_9" version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"  
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">  
  
    <display-name>SSH Project</display-name>  
  
    <filter>  
        <filter-name>SSH</filter-name>  
        <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>  
    </filter>  
  
    <filter-mapping>  
        <filter-name>SSH</filter-name>  
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  
    </filter-mapping>  
  
    <listener>  
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>  
    </listener>  
  
    <welcome-file-list>  
        <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>  
    </welcome-file-list>  
  
</web-app>
    • 修改后的Struts配置文件struts.xml的内容。
    [html] view plaincopyprint?
      
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>  
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC  
    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"  
    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">  
  
<struts>  
  
    <include file="struts-default.xml" />  
    <package name="ynwi" extends="struts-default">  
        <action name="register" class="regAction">  
            <result name="input">/Register.jsp</result>  
            <result name="success">/Success.jsp</result>  
            <result name="error">/Fail.jsp</result>  
        </action>  
    </package>  
  
</struts>

    运行结果

    • 输入访问Register.jsp的地址http://localhost:9090/SSHProject/Register.jsp后。

    • 点击注册前后数据库里面的数据。

    总结

    唠叨

    本来想创建Struts2 + Spring3 + Hibernate4的项目，结果行动之后才发现版本之间不兼容的现象挺严重（我自己是这么认为的，如果有大神看出来是我开发中出的问题导致麻烦告知下），不得不把Hibernate4换成Hibernate3。因为中间换框架，所以导致此博文中整合Hibernate部分是否会报错，不过最终的项目是可以执行的。我会把项目打包上传到csdn资源上。可以点击这里下载。

    如何快速开发SSH框架项目

      1. 创建Dynamic Web Project并且导入jar包。
      2. 我习惯上把classes文件夹由build文件夹内转移到WEB-INF下。在项目上右键Build Path——〉Configure Build Path。设置Default output folder。
      3. 在WEB_INF下面创建web.xml并配置Struts的Filter和Spring的Listener。
      4. 在WEB-INF下面创建applicationContext.xml并配置数据源，sessionFactory，Transaction以及各Beans信息。
      5. 在src目录下创建struts.xml用来配置action信息，模板可以从Struts空项目里面拿。这里的action对应的class应该为applicationContext.xml内对应的class的bean的id。
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  • 原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/jearay/p/3759412.html
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