1、准备数据
PUT /lib { "settings":{ "number_of_shards":3, "number_of_replicas":0 }, "mappings":{ "user":{ "properties":{ "name":{"type":"text"}, "address":{"type":"text"}, "age":{"type":"integer"}, "interests":{"type":"text"}, "birthday":{"type":"date"} } } } }
put /lib/user/1 { "name":"zhaoliu", "address":"hei long jiang sheng tie ling shi", "age":50, "birthday":"1970-12-12", "interests":"xi huang hejiu,duanlian,lvyou" } put /lib/user/2 { "name":"zhaoming", "address":"bei jing hai dian qu qing he zhen", "age":20, "birthday":"1998-10-12", "interests":"xi huan hejiu,duanlian,changge" } put /lib/user/3 { "name":"lisi", "address":"bei jing hai dian qu qing he zhen", "age":23, "birthday":"1998-10-12", "interests":"xi huan hejiu,duanlian,changge" } put /lib/user/4 { "name":"wangwu", "address":"bei jing hai dian qu qing he zhen", "age":26, "birthday":"1998-10-12", "interests":"xi huan biancheng,tingyinyue,lvyou" } put /lib/user/5 { "name":"zhangsan", "address":"bei jing chao yang qu", "age":29, "birthday":"1988-10-12", "interests":"xi huan tingyinyue,changge,tiaowu" }
2、操作演示
1）按照年龄降序排序
GET lib/user/_search { "query": { "match_all": {} }, "sort": [ { "age": { "order": "desc" } } ] }
查询结果
{ "took": 42, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 3, "successful": 3, "skipped": 0, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": 5, "max_score": null, "hits": [ { "_index": "lib", "_type": "user", "_id": "1", "_score": null, "_source": { "name": "zhaoliu", "address": "hei long jiang sheng tie ling shi", "age": 50, "birthday": "1970-12-12", "interests": "xi huang hejiu,duanlian,lvyou" }, "sort": [ 50 ] }, { "_index": "lib", "_type": "user", "_id": "5", "_score": null, "_source": { "name": "zhangsan", "address": "bei jing chao yang qu", "age": 29, "birthday": "1988-10-12", "interests": "xi huan tingyinyue,changge,tiaowu" }, "sort": [ 29 ] }, { "_index": "lib", "_type": "user", "_id": "4", "_score": null, "_source": { "name": "wangwu", "address": "bei jing hai dian qu qing he zhen", "age": 26, "birthday": "1998-10-12", "interests": "xi huan biancheng,tingyinyue,lvyou" }, "sort": [ 26 ] }, { "_index": "lib", "_type": "user", "_id": "3", "_score": null, "_source": { "name": "lisi", "address": "bei jing hai dian qu qing he zhen", "age": 23, "birthday": "1998-10-12", "interests": "xi huan hejiu,duanlian,changge" }, "sort": [ 23 ] }, { "_index": "lib", "_type": "user", "_id": "2", "_score": null, "_source": { "name": "zhaoming", "address": "bei jing hai dian qu qing he zhen", "age": 20, "birthday": "1998-10-12", "interests": "xi huan hejiu,duanlian,changge" }, "sort": [ 20 ] } ] } }
因为age是数值类型的，所以可以排序，默认字符串类型的不能排序，因为字符串类型的已经分词了。如下根据interests排序会报错：
GET lib/user/_search { "query": { "match_all": {} }, "sort": [ { "interests": { "order": "desc" } } ] }
{ "error": { "root_cause": [ { "type": "illegal_argument_exception", "reason": "Fielddata is disabled on text fields by default. Set fielddata=true on [interests] in order to load fielddata in memory by uninverting the inverted index. Note that this can however use significant memory. Alternatively use a keyword field instead." } ], "type": "search_phase_execution_exception", "reason": "all shards failed", "phase": "query", "grouped": true, "failed_shards": [ { "shard": 0, "index": "lib", "node": "AJ3x6yc8TfKj6_zx6VRm0g", "reason": { "type": "illegal_argument_exception", "reason": "Fielddata is disabled on text fields by default. Set fielddata=true on [interests] in order to load fielddata in memory by uninverting the inverted index. Note that this can however use significant memory. Alternatively use a keyword field instead." } } ] }, "status": 400 }
3、如何对字符串类型的排序
对一个字符串类型的字段进行排序通常不准确，因为已经被分词成多个词条了。
解决方式：对字段索引两次，一次索引分词（用于搜索），一次索引不分词（用于排序）
1）删掉上面的lib索引，重新创建，修改 interests 字段的创建方式，并重新添加如上数据
PUT /lib { "settings":{ "number_of_shards":3, "number_of_replicas":0 }, "mappings":{ "user":{ "properties":{ "name":{"type":"text"}, "address":{"type":"text"}, "age":{"type":"integer"}, "interests":{ "type":"text", "fields": { "raw":{ "type": "keyword" } }, "fielddata": true }, "birthday":{"type":"date"} } } } }
字符串有两种类型，一种是text，默认分词，一种是keyword不分词，interests创建两种类型的索引，一种text（倒排索引），一个keyword（正排索引）。
重新执行操作，返回正确结果：
GET lib/user/_search { "query": { "match_all": {} }, "sort": [ { "interests.raw": { "order": "desc" } } ] }
{ "took": 6, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 3, "successful": 3, "skipped": 0, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": 5, "max_score": null, "hits": [ { "_index": "lib", "_type": "user", "_id": "1", "_score": null, "_source": { "name": "zhaoliu", "address": "hei long jiang sheng tie ling shi", "age": 50, "birthday": "1970-12-12", "interests": "xi huang hejiu,duanlian,lvyou" }, "sort": [ "xi huang hejiu,duanlian,lvyou" ] }, { "_index": "lib", "_type": "user", "_id": "5", "_score": null, "_source": { "name": "zhangsan", "address": "bei jing chao yang qu", "age": 29, "birthday": "1988-10-12", "interests": "xi huan tingyinyue,changge,tiaowu" }, "sort": [ "xi huan tingyinyue,changge,tiaowu" ] }, { "_index": "lib", "_type": "user", "_id": "2", "_score": null, "_source": { "name": "zhaoming", "address": "bei jing hai dian qu qing he zhen", "age": 20, "birthday": "1998-10-12", "interests": "xi huan hejiu,duanlian,changge" }, "sort": [ "xi huan hejiu,duanlian,changge" ] }, { "_index": "lib", "_type": "user", "_id": "3", "_score": null, "_source": { "name": "lisi", "address": "bei jing hai dian qu qing he zhen", "age": 23, "birthday": "1998-10-12", "interests": "xi huan hejiu,duanlian,changge" }, "sort": [ "xi huan hejiu,duanlian,changge" ] }, { "_index": "lib", "_type": "user", "_id": "4", "_score": null, "_source": { "name": "wangwu", "address": "bei jing hai dian qu qing he zhen", "age": 26, "birthday": "1998-10-12", "interests": "xi huan biancheng,tingyinyue,lvyou" }, "sort": [ "xi huan biancheng,tingyinyue,lvyou" ] } ] } }