部署cobbler服务器
1.准备环境
使用nat或者仅主机模式，不要使用桥接模式，方式获取的IP不是自己的
2. 配置yum源
[epel]
name=epel
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/7/x86_64/
[centos]
name=centos base
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/
3，下载相关的软件
[root@ken ~]# yum install httpd cobbler tftp-server xinetd syslinux dhcp pykickstart -y
4.启动tftp服务
[root@ken ~]# vim /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
disable = no
[root@ken ~]# systemctl restart xinetd
5. 配置dhcp服务
subnet 192.168.182.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
range 192.168.182.10 192.168.182.20;
default-lease-time 600;
max-lease-time 7200;
filename “pxelinux.0”;
}
[root@ken ~]# systemctl restart dhcpd
6. 启动httpd
[root@ken ~]# systemctl restart httpd
7. 启动cobbler
[root@ken ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd
8.cobbler检测
[root@ken ~]# cobbler check
9. 修改提示信息
1 : The ‘server’ field in /etc/cobbler/settings must be set to something other than localhost, or kickstarting features will not work. This should be a resolvable hostname or IP for the boot server as reachable by all machines that will use it.
把server指定的本地IP改为提供cobbler服务的IP地址
2 : For PXE to be functional, the ‘next_server’ field in /etc/cobbler/settings must be set to something other than 127.0.0.1, and should match the IP of the boot server on the PXE network.
把next_server指定的本地IP改为提供cobbler服务的IP地址
4 : enable and start rsyncd.service with systemctl
[root@ken ~]# systemctl restart rsyncd
[root@ken ~]# systemctl enable rsyncd
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/rsyncd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/rsyncd.service.
6 : The default password used by the sample templates for newly installed machines (default_password_crypted in /etc/cobbler/settings) is still set to ‘cobbler’ and should be changed, try: “openssl passwd -1 -salt ‘random-phrase-here’ ‘your-password-here'” to generate new one
[root@ken ~]# openssl passwd -1 -salt ‘123’ ‘123’
$1$123$nE5gIYTYiF1PIXVOFjQaW/
10. 重启cobbler并在此检测
[root@ken ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd
[root@ken ~]# cobbler check
The following are potential configuration items that you may want to fix:
1 : Some network boot-loaders are missing from /var/lib/cobbler/loaders, you may run ‘cobbler get-loaders’ to download them, or, if you only want to handle x86/x86_64 netbooting, you may ensure that you have installed a *recent* version of the syslinux package installed and can ignore this message entirely. Files in this directory, should you want to support all architectures, should include pxelinux.0, menu.c32, elilo.efi, and yaboot. The ‘cobbler get-loaders’ command is the easiest way to resolve these requirements.
2 : debmirror package is not installed, it will be required to manage debian deployments and repositories
3 : fencing tools were not found, and are required to use the (optional) power management features. install cman or fence-agents to use them
Restart cobblerd and then run ‘cobbler sync’ to apply changes.
11.同步
[root@ken ~]# cobbler sync
task started: 2019-05-24_104642_sync
task started (id=Sync, time=Fri May 24 10:46:42 2019)
running pre-sync triggers
cleaning trees
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images
copying bootloaders
trying hardlink /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.0
trying hardlink /usr/share/syslinux/menu.c32 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/menu.c32
trying hardlink /usr/share/syslinux/memdisk -> /var/lib/tftpboot/memdisk
copying distros to tftpboot
copying images
generating PXE configuration files
generating PXE menu structure
rendering TFTPD files
generating /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
cleaning link caches
running post-sync triggers
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services
running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.manage_genders
running python trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track
running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
*** TASK COMPLETE ***
12. 导入镜像
[root@ken ~]# cobbler import –path=/mnt –name=”centos7″
task started: 2019-05-24_104753_import
task started (id=Media import, time=Fri May 24 10:47:53 2019)
Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel6
Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel7
Found a matching signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel7
Adding distros from path /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7:
creating new distro: centos7-x86_64
trying symlink: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7 -> /var/www/cobbler/links/centos7-x86_64
creating new profile: centos7-x86_64
associating repos
checking for rsync repo(s)
checking for rhn repo(s)
checking for yum repo(s)
starting descent into /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7 for centos7-x86_64
processing repo at : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7
need to process repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7
looking for /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7/repodata/*comps*.xml
Keeping repodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7/repodata
*** TASK COMPLETE ***
13.查看生成的distro
[root@ken ~]# cobbler distro list
centos7-x86_64
14.查看生成的profile
[root@ken ~]# cobbler profile list
centos7-x86_64
15.准备kickstart文件
[root@ken ~]# cp anaconda-ks.cfg /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/ks.cfg
16.编辑kickstart文件
url –url=http://192.168.182.128/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7/
17.制作自己的profile
[root@ken ~]# cobbler profile add –distro=centos7-x86_64 –kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/ks.cfg –name=”cent7_ken”
18. 删除默认的profile
[root@ken ~]# cobbler profile remove –name=centos7-x86_64
[root@ken ~]# cobbler profile list
cent7_ken
19.开启客户端进行验证
略
注意：
1.客户端模式需要与服务器模式一致
2. 内存最少3个G
cobbler实现单台服务器提供安装不同操作系统
第一步：关机重新挂载新的光盘（vmeare）
略
第二步：开启所有相关的服务
[root@ken ~]# systemctl restart httpd cobblerd xinetd dhcpd
第三步：在linux系统中挂载光盘
[root@ken ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt
mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
第四步：导入一个新的镜像
[root@ken ~]# cobbler import –path=/mnt –name=”centos7.3″
task started: 2019-05-24_192206_import
task started (id=Media import, time=Fri May 24 19:22:06 2019)
Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel6
Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel7
Found a matching signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel7
Adding distros from path /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7.3:
creating new distro: centos7.3-x86_64
trying symlink: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7.3 -> /var/www/cobbler/links/centos7.3-x86_64
creating new profile: centos7.3-x86_64
associating repos
checking for rsync repo(s)
checking for rhn repo(s)
checking for yum repo(s)
starting descent into /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7.3 for centos7.3-x86_64
processing repo at : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7.3
need to process repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7.3
looking for /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7.3/repodata/*comps*.xml
Keeping repodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7.3/repodata
*** TASK COMPLETE ***
第四步：查看生成的distro
[root@ken ~]# cobbler distro list
centos7-x86_64
centos7.3-x86_64
第五步：制作profile
[root@ken ~]# cobbler profile add –distro=centos7.3-x86_64 –kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/ks.cfg –name=”centos7.3_ken”
第六步: 删除默认的profile
[root@ken ~]# cobbler profile list
cent7_ken
centos7.3-x86_64
centos7.3_ken
[root@ken ~]# cobbler profile remove –name=centos7.3-x86_64
[root@ken ~]# cobbler profile list
cent7_ken
centos7.3_ken
第七步：开启客户端进行验证
略