• 无废话WCF入门教程六[一个简单的Demo]


    朋友炒股两个月赚了10万,我帮他推广一下公众号,把钱用来投资总比放银行连通货膨胀都跑不过里强硬核离职,在家炒股 ,这是他每天的日志,有些经验是花钱也买不到的。

    一、前言

        前面的几个章节介绍了很多理论基础,如:什么是WCF、WCF中的A、B、C。WCF的传输模式。本文从零开始和大家一起写一个小的WCF应用程序Demo。

        大多框架的学习都是从增、删、改、查开始来学习的,我们学习WCF也是一样的。从简单来看(不包括安全、优化等相关问题),WCF的增删改查和WebForm相差无几。WCF只是把具体“实现”写在“Service端”,而“调用”放在了“Client端”。觉得有帮助别忘了点个赞哈,谢谢哦~

    二、Demo说明

    1)Demo的 “Service端”以本机IIS为宿主,“Client端”以WebForm项目为例。

    2)Demo的“Service端”提取数据采用初学者比较容易接受的分层结构进行搭建,分别分为服务层、实体层、数据层。

    引用关系如下图所示:

    3)Demo以数据库为SqlServer,表User为例(sql语句在下载的压缩包中Init.sql),表结构如下所示:

    字段名

    列名

    数据类型

    约束

    生成方式

    用户编号

    UserID

    int

    主键,必须输入

    自动增+1

    姓名

    Name

    varchar(200)

    非必须输入

    人工输入

    密码

    Password

    varchar(200)

    非必须输入

    人工输入

    描述

    Discribe

    varchar(800)

    非必须输入

    人工输入

    提交时间

    SubmitTime

    datetime

    非必须输入

    人工输入

    三、创建Service端宿主

    1)创建WCF应用程序命名为:WCF.Demo.Service,如下图:

    2)删除默认文件IService.csService.svc。并分别创建增、删、改、查”Add.svc”“Save.svc”“Remove.svc”“Get.svc,Search.svc”,分别对应4个功能的服务应用程序WCF服务应用程序,并创建数据操作层和数据实体层,如下图:

    3)增加实体层和数据操作层代码,如下所示:

     1     //用户实体
     2     [DataContract]
     3     public class User
     4     {
     5         [DataMember]
     6         public int UserID { get; set; }
     7         [DataMember]
     8         public string UserName { get; set; }
     9         [DataMember]
    10         public string Password { get; set; }
    11         [DataMember]
    12         public string Discribe { get; set; }
    13         [DataMember]
    14         public DateTime SubmitTime { get; set; }
    15     }
    16     //数据操作,调用SqlHeler
    17     public class User
    18     {
    19         private static readonly string connectionString = "server=.;database=wcfDemo;uid=sa;pwd=123456;";
    20 
    21         //添加
    22         public static bool Add(Model.User user)
    23         {
    24             string sql = string.Format("INSERT INTO [dbo].[User]([UserName],[Password],[Discribe],[SubmitTime]) VALUES('{0}','{1}','{2}','{3}')", user.UserName, user.Password, user.Discribe, user.SubmitTime);
    25             int result = SqlHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(connectionString, CommandType.Text, sql);
    26             if (result > 0)
    27                 return true;
    28             else
    29                 return false;
    30         }
    31 
    32         //修改
    33         public static bool Save(Model.User user)
    34         {
    35             string sql = string.Format("UPDATE [dbo].[User] SET [UserName] = '{0}',[Discribe] = '{2}',[SubmitTime] = '{3}' WHERE UserID = {4}", user.UserName, user.Password, user.Discribe, user.SubmitTime, user.UserID);
    36             int result = SqlHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(connectionString, CommandType.Text, sql);
    37             if (result > 0)
    38                 return true;
    39             else
    40                 return false;
    41         }
    42 
    43         //删除
    44         public static bool Remove(int UserID)
    45         {
    46             string sql = string.Format("DELETE FROM [dbo].[User] WHERE UserID = {0}", UserID);
    47             int result = SqlHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(connectionString, CommandType.Text, sql);
    48             if (result > 0)
    49                 return true;
    50             else
    51                 return false;
    52         }
    53 
    54         //获取用户
    55         public static Model.User Get(int UserID)
    56         {
    57             Model.User user = new Model.User();
    58             string sql = string.Format("SELECT * FROM [dbo].[User] WHERE UserID = {0}", UserID);
    59             DataSet ds = SqlHelper.ExecuteDataset(connectionString, CommandType.Text, sql);
    60             if (ds != null && ds.Tables.Count > 0)
    61             {
    62                 foreach (DataRow dr in ds.Tables[0].Rows)
    63                 {
    64                     user.UserID = Convert.ToInt32(dr["UserID"]);
    65                     user.UserName = dr["UserName"].ToString();
    66                     user.Password = dr["Password"].ToString();
    67                     user.Discribe = dr["Discribe"].ToString();
    68                     user.SubmitTime = Convert.ToDateTime(dr["SubmitTime"]);
    69                 }
    70             }
    71             return user;
    72         }
    73 
    74         //获取用户列表
    75         public static List<Model.User> GetUsers()
    76         {
    77             List<Model.User> Users = new List<Model.User>();
    78             string sql = string.Format("SELECT * FROM [dbo].[User]");
    79             DataSet ds = SqlHelper.ExecuteDataset(connectionString, CommandType.Text, sql);
    80             if (ds != null && ds.Tables.Count > 0)
    81             {
    82                 foreach (DataTable dt in ds.Tables)
    83                 {
    84                     foreach (DataRow dr in dt.Rows)
    85                     {
    86                         Model.User user = new Model.User();
    87                         user.UserID = Convert.ToInt32(dr["UserID"]);
    88                         user.UserName = dr["UserName"].ToString();
    89                         user.Password = dr["Password"].ToString();
    90                         user.Discribe = dr["Discribe"].ToString();
    91                         user.SubmitTime = Convert.ToDateTime(dr["SubmitTime"]);
    92                         Users.Add(user);
    93                     }
    94                 }
    95             }
    96             return Users;
    97         }
    98     }

    4)修改Add接口的代码和实现,如下所示:

     1     [ServiceContract]
     2     public interface IAdd
     3     {
     4         [OperationContract]
     5         bool DoWork(Model.User user);
     6     }
     7 
     8     public class Add : IAdd
     9     {
    10         public bool DoWork(Model.User user)
    11         {
    12             return DAL.User.Add(user);
    13         }
    14     }

     5)修改Save接口的代码和实现,如下所示:

     1     [ServiceContract]
     2     public interface ISave
     3     {
     4         [OperationContract]
     5         bool DoWork(Model.User user);
     6     }
     7 
     8     public class Save : ISave
     9     {
    10         public bool DoWork(Model.User user)
    11         {
    12             return DAL.User.Save(user);
    13         }
    14     }

    6)修改Remove接口的代码和实现,如下所示:

     1     [ServiceContract]
     2     public interface IRemove
     3     {
     4         [OperationContract]
     5         bool DoWork(int UserID);
     6     }
     7     public class Remove : IRemove
     8     {
     9         public bool DoWork(int UserID)
    10         {
    11             return DAL.User.Remove(UserID);
    12         }
    13     }

    7)修改Search接口的代码和实现,如下所示:

     1     [ServiceContract]
     2     public interface ISearch
     3     {
     4         [OperationContract]
     5         List<Model.User> DoWork();
     6     }
     7 
     8     public class Search : ISearch
     9     {
    10         List<Model.User> ISearch.DoWork()
    11         {
    12             return DAL.User.GetUsers();
    13         }
    14     }

    8)修改Get接口的代码和实现,如下所示:

     1     [ServiceContract]
     2     public interface IGet
     3     {
     4         [OperationContract]
     5         Model.User DoWork(int UserID);
     6     }
     7 
     8     public class Get : IGet
     9     {
    10         public Model.User DoWork(int UserID)
    11         {
    12             return DAL.User.Get(UserID);
    13         }
    14     }

    四、部署服务端程序

    1)将程序发布,并部署到IIS上,设置端口:8080,如下图所示:

    2)以Add.svc服务应用程序为目标,测试部署是否成功,成功后如下图所示:

    五、创建Client端Web应用程序

    新建WebForm项目WCF.Demo.Client,并创建增删改查文件,Add.aspx,Save.aspx,SearchAndRemove.aspx。如下图所示:

    六、使用SvcUtil.exe生成客户端代码和配置

    SvcUtil.exe是一个VS命令行工具,该工具位于:C:Program FilesMicrosoft  SDKsWindowsv7.0Ain 或 C:Program Files (x86)Microsoft SDKsWindowsv7.0Ain一般情况下我们将SvcUtil.exe添加到VS开发工具中方便以后的运用(也可直接使用该命令行工具)。

    1)在VS中的 Tools菜单---选择External Tools,打开管理窗口如下图所示:

    在Title中输入SvcUtil,Command中选择SvcUtil.exe全路径,Initial  directory栏选择生成的客户端代码和配置文件所放的目录(此处为解决方案所在目录),选上Prompt for arguments,不选上Close on  exit。点击OK.

    2)添加完成后,在VS的工具下会出现这个菜单。如下图所示:

    3)在Client端添加对服务的引用。打开SvUtil工具,在Arguments里填写服务的地址,如下图:

    点击OK后出现下图,说明代码类和配置文件生成成功(在解决方案目标下),如下图所示:

    此时代理类和配置文件被下载到解决方案的物理目录中,如下图所示:

    七、在Client端使用代理类与配置

    将代理类从服务端的物理目录拷贝出来,放到Client端,并适当的修改代码,加入自己需要的名称空间,如下图所示:

    使用代码如下所示:

     1     //增加
     2     public partial class Add : System.Web.UI.Page
     3     {
     4         Service.AddClient addClient = new Service.AddClient();
     5         protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
     6         {
     7 
     8         }
     9 
    10         //提交
    11         protected void btnSubmit_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    12         {
    13             Model.User user = new Model.User();
    14             user.UserName = this.txtUserName.Text;
    15             user.Password = this.txtPassword.Text;
    16             user.Discribe = this.txtDiscribe.Text;
    17             user.SubmitTime = System.DateTime.Now;
    18             addClient.DoWork(user);
    19             Response.Write("添加成功!");
    20         }
    21     }
    22     //修改
    23     public partial class Save : System.Web.UI.Page
    24     {
    25         Service.SaveClient saveClient = new Service.SaveClient();
    26         Service.GetClient getClient = new Service.GetClient();
    27         protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
    28         {
    29             if (!Page.IsPostBack && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(Request.QueryString["UserID"]))
    30             {
    31                 GetUser();
    32             }
    33         }
    34 
    35         protected void GetUser()
    36         {
    37             int UserID = Convert.ToInt32(Request.QueryString["UserID"]);
    38             Model.User user = getClient.DoWork(UserID);
    39             this.txtUserName.Text = user.UserName;
    40             this.txtDiscribe.Text = user.Discribe;
    41         }
    42 
    43         //提交
    44         protected void btnSubmit_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    45         {
    46             int UserID = Convert.ToInt32(Request.QueryString["UserID"]);
    47             Model.User user = getClient.DoWork(UserID);
    48             user.UserName = this.txtUserName.Text;
    49             user.Discribe = this.txtDiscribe.Text;
    50             saveClient.DoWork(user);
    51             Response.Write("修改成功!");
    52         }
    53     }
    54     //列表及删除
    55     public partial class SearchAndRemove : System.Web.UI.Page
    56     {
    57         Service.SearchClient searchClient = new Service.SearchClient();
    58         Service.RemoveClient removeClient = new Service.RemoveClient();
    59         protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
    60         {
    61             if (!Page.IsPostBack)
    62             {
    63                 GetUsers();
    64             }
    65         }
    66 
    67         protected void GetUsers()
    68         {
    69             this.repUsers.DataSource = searchClient.DoWork();
    70             this.repUsers.DataBind();
    71         }
    72 
    73         protected void lbtnRemoveCommand(object sender, CommandEventArgs e)
    74         {
    75             int UserID = Convert.ToInt32(e.CommandName);
    76             removeClient.DoWork(UserID);
    77             Response.Write("删除成功~");
    78             GetUsers();
    79         }
    80     }

    将生成的配置文件中的 <system.serviceModel>复制到Client的Web.config中,代码如下:

     1   <system.serviceModel>
     2     <bindings>
     3       <basicHttpBinding>
     4         <binding name="BasicHttpBinding_IAdd" closeTimeout="00:01:00"
     5             openTimeout="00:01:00" receiveTimeout="00:10:00" sendTimeout="00:01:00"
     6             allowCookies="false" bypassProxyOnLocal="false" hostNameComparisonMode="StrongWildcard"
     7             maxBufferSize="65536" maxBufferPoolSize="524288" maxReceivedMessageSize="65536"
     8             messageEncoding="Text" textEncoding="utf-8" transferMode="Buffered"
     9             useDefaultWebProxy="true">
    10           <readerQuotas maxDepth="32" maxStringContentLength="8192" maxArrayLength="16384"
    11               maxBytesPerRead="4096" maxNameTableCharCount="16384" />
    12           <security mode="None">
    13             <transport clientCredentialType="None" proxyCredentialType="None"
    14                 realm="" />
    15             <message clientCredentialType="UserName" algorithmSuite="Default" />
    16           </security>
    17         </binding>
    18         <binding name="BasicHttpBinding_IRemove" closeTimeout="00:01:00"
    19                    openTimeout="00:01:00" receiveTimeout="00:10:00" sendTimeout="00:01:00"
    20                    allowCookies="false" bypassProxyOnLocal="false" hostNameComparisonMode="StrongWildcard"
    21                    maxBufferSize="65536" maxBufferPoolSize="524288" maxReceivedMessageSize="65536"
    22                    messageEncoding="Text" textEncoding="utf-8" transferMode="Buffered"
    23                    useDefaultWebProxy="true">
    24           <readerQuotas maxDepth="32" maxStringContentLength="8192" maxArrayLength="16384"
    25               maxBytesPerRead="4096" maxNameTableCharCount="16384" />
    26           <security mode="None">
    27             <transport clientCredentialType="None" proxyCredentialType="None"
    28                 realm="" />
    29             <message clientCredentialType="UserName" algorithmSuite="Default" />
    30           </security>
    31         </binding>
    32         <binding name="BasicHttpBinding_ISearch" closeTimeout="00:01:00"
    33            openTimeout="00:01:00" receiveTimeout="00:10:00" sendTimeout="00:01:00"
    34            allowCookies="false" bypassProxyOnLocal="false" hostNameComparisonMode="StrongWildcard"
    35            maxBufferSize="65536" maxBufferPoolSize="524288" maxReceivedMessageSize="65536"
    36            messageEncoding="Text" textEncoding="utf-8" transferMode="Buffered"
    37            useDefaultWebProxy="true">
    38           <readerQuotas maxDepth="32" maxStringContentLength="8192" maxArrayLength="16384"
    39               maxBytesPerRead="4096" maxNameTableCharCount="16384" />
    40           <security mode="None">
    41             <transport clientCredentialType="None" proxyCredentialType="None"
    42                 realm="" />
    43             <message clientCredentialType="UserName" algorithmSuite="Default" />
    44           </security>
    45         </binding>
    46         <binding name="BasicHttpBinding_ISave" closeTimeout="00:01:00"
    47                    openTimeout="00:01:00" receiveTimeout="00:10:00" sendTimeout="00:01:00"
    48                    allowCookies="false" bypassProxyOnLocal="false" hostNameComparisonMode="StrongWildcard"
    49                    maxBufferSize="65536" maxBufferPoolSize="524288" maxReceivedMessageSize="65536"
    50                    messageEncoding="Text" textEncoding="utf-8" transferMode="Buffered"
    51                    useDefaultWebProxy="true">
    52           <readerQuotas maxDepth="32" maxStringContentLength="8192" maxArrayLength="16384"
    53               maxBytesPerRead="4096" maxNameTableCharCount="16384" />
    54           <security mode="None">
    55             <transport clientCredentialType="None" proxyCredentialType="None"
    56                 realm="" />
    57             <message clientCredentialType="UserName" algorithmSuite="Default" />
    58           </security>
    59         </binding>
    60         <binding name="BasicHttpBinding_IGet" closeTimeout="00:01:00"
    61                    openTimeout="00:01:00" receiveTimeout="00:10:00" sendTimeout="00:01:00"
    62                    allowCookies="false" bypassProxyOnLocal="false" hostNameComparisonMode="StrongWildcard"
    63                    maxBufferSize="65536" maxBufferPoolSize="524288" maxReceivedMessageSize="65536"
    64                    messageEncoding="Text" textEncoding="utf-8" transferMode="Buffered"
    65                    useDefaultWebProxy="true">
    66           <readerQuotas maxDepth="32" maxStringContentLength="8192" maxArrayLength="16384"
    67               maxBytesPerRead="4096" maxNameTableCharCount="16384" />
    68           <security mode="None">
    69             <transport clientCredentialType="None" proxyCredentialType="None"
    70                 realm="" />
    71             <message clientCredentialType="UserName" algorithmSuite="Default" />
    72           </security>
    73         </binding>
    74       </basicHttpBinding>
    75     </bindings>
    76     <client>
    77       <endpoint address="http://localhost:8080/Add.svc" binding="basicHttpBinding"
    78           bindingConfiguration="BasicHttpBinding_IAdd" contract="IAdd"
    79           name="BasicHttpBinding_IAdd" />
    80       <endpoint address="http://localhost:8080/Remove.svc" binding="basicHttpBinding"
    81               bindingConfiguration="BasicHttpBinding_IRemove" contract="IRemove"
    82               name="BasicHttpBinding_IRemove" />
    83       <endpoint address="http://localhost:8080/Search.svc" binding="basicHttpBinding"
    84              bindingConfiguration="BasicHttpBinding_ISearch" contract="ISearch"
    85              name="BasicHttpBinding_ISearch" />
    86       <endpoint address="http://localhost:8080/Save.svc" binding="basicHttpBinding"
    87                bindingConfiguration="BasicHttpBinding_ISave" contract="ISave"
    88                name="BasicHttpBinding_ISave" />
    89       <endpoint address="http://localhost:8080/Get.svc" binding="basicHttpBinding"
    90                bindingConfiguration="BasicHttpBinding_IGet" contract="IGet"
    91                name="BasicHttpBinding_IGet" />
    92     </client>
    93   </system.serviceModel>

     

    -------------------------最终效果-----------------------

    添加:

    修改:

     列表及删除:

    八、源码下载

     点我下载本文章Demo

    九、wcf入门教程目录

    无废话WCF入门教程一[什么是WCF]

    无废话WCF入门教程二[WCF应用的通信过程]

    无废话WCF入门教程三[WCF的宿主]

    无废话WCF入门教程四[WCF的配置文件]

    无废话WCF入门教程五[WCF的通信模式]

    版权:http://www.cnblogs.com/iamlilinfeng

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/iamlilinfeng/p/4083827.html
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