Windows Server 2008 R2 下配置TLS1.2，添加自签名证书

前言

2017年1月1日起App Store上的所有App应用将强制开启ATS功能。

苹果的ATS(App Transport Security)对服务器硬性3点要求：

① ATS要求TLS1.2或者更高，TLS 是 SSL 新的别称。

② 通讯中的加密套件配置要求支持列出的正向保密。

③ 数字证书必须使用sha256或者更高级的签名哈希算法，并且保证密钥是2048位及以上的RSA密钥或者256位及以上的ECC密钥。

由于领导舍不得花钱，只能辛苦我们自己搞个不花钱的证书。在网上找了一大堆各种配置证书服务的文章，在ios端运行的时候总是直接报错，很是费解，后来注意到必须是TLS1.2或者更高的版本，而按照网上的配置弄好后都是ssl1.0，根本原因没有解决。所以必须先升级服务器ssl的版本，这个升级的文章很多，有用的不多。在这里整理下找到的资料，供大家参考。注意：证书服务可以不用安装，升级ssl后即可正常访问。

1.首先打开服务器组策略，命令行输入gpedit.msc，找到ssl配置设置，双击ssl密码套件顺序，选择已启用，并保存。准备工作完成！

2.在下面选择您需要的配置并复制，打开Powershell直接粘贴。最后会提示是否重启服务器，输入Y会直接重启，根据自己的情况而定吧，重启后生效哦~

2.1. configure your IIS server with Perfect Forward Secrecy and TLS 1.2:

# Copyright 2016, Alexander Hass
# http://www.hass.de/content/setup-your-iis-ssl-perfect-forward-secrecy-and-tls-12
#
# Version 1.7
# - Windows Version compare failed. Get-CimInstance requires Windows 2012 or later.
# Version 1.6
# - OS version detection for cipher suites order.
# Version 1.5
# - Enabled ECDH and more secure hash functions and reorderd cipher list.
# - Added Client setting for all ciphers.
# Version 1.4
# - RC4 has been disabled.
# Version 1.3
# - MD5 has been disabled.
# Version 1.2
# - Re-factored code style and output
# Version 1.1
# - SSLv3 has been disabled. (Poodle attack protection)
 
Write-Host 'Configuring IIS with SSL/TLS Deployment Best Practices...'
Write-Host '--------------------------------------------------------------------------------'
 
# Disable Multi-Protocol Unified Hello
New-Item 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsMulti-Protocol Unified HelloServer' -Force | Out-Null
New-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsMulti-Protocol Unified HelloServer' -name Enabled -value 0 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-Null
New-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsMulti-Protocol Unified HelloServer' -name 'DisabledByDefault' -value 1 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-Null
New-Item 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsMulti-Protocol Unified HelloClient' -Force | Out-Null
New-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsMulti-Protocol Unified HelloClient' -name Enabled -value 0 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-Null
New-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsMulti-Protocol Unified HelloClient' -name 'DisabledByDefault' -value 1 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-Null
Write-Host 'Multi-Protocol Unified Hello has been disabled.'
 
# Disable PCT 1.0
New-Item 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsPCT 1.0Server' -Force | Out-Null
New-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsPCT 1.0Server' -name Enabled -value 0 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-Null
New-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsPCT 1.0Server' -name 'DisabledByDefault' -value 1 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-Null
New-Item 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsPCT 1.0Client' -Force | Out-Null
New-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsPCT 1.0Client' -name Enabled -value 0 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-Null
New-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsPCT 1.0Client' -name 'DisabledByDefault' -value 1 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-Null
Write-Host 'PCT 1.0 has been disabled.'
 
# Disable SSL 2.0 (PCI Compliance)
New-Item 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsSSL 2.0Server' -Force | Out-Null
New-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsSSL 2.0Server' -name Enabled -value 0 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-Null
New-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsSSL 2.0Server' -name 'DisabledByDefault' -value 1 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-Null
New-Item 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsSSL 2.0Client' -Force | Out-Null
New-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsSSL 2.0Client' -name Enabled -value 0 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-Null
New-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsSSL 2.0Client' -name 'DisabledByDefault' -value 1 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-Null
Write-Host 'SSL 2.0 has been disabled.'
 
# NOTE: If you disable SSL 3.0 the you may lock out some people still using
# Windows XP with IE6/7. Without SSL 3.0 enabled, there is no protocol available
# for these people to fall back. Safer shopping certifications may require that
# you disable SSLv3.
#
# Disable SSL 3.0 (PCI Compliance) and enable "Poodle" protection
New-Item 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsSSL 3.0Server' -Force | Out-Null
New-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsSSL 3.0Server' -name Enabled -value 0 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-Null
New-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsSSL 3.0Server' -name 'DisabledByDefault' -value 1 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-Null
New-Item 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsSSL 3.0Client' -Force | Out-Null
New-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsSSL 3.0Client' -name Enabled -value 0 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-Null
New-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsSSL 3.0Client' -name 'DisabledByDefault' -value 1 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-Null
Write-Host 'SSL 3.0 has been disabled.'
 
# Add and Enable TLS 1.0 for client and server SCHANNEL communications
New-Item 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsTLS 1.0Server' -Force | Out-Null
New-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsTLS 1.0Server' -name 'Enabled' -value '0xffffffff' -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-Null
New-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsTLS 1.0Server' -name 'DisabledByDefault' -value 0 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-Null
New-Item 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsTLS 1.0Client' -Force | Out-Null
New-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsTLS 1.0Client' -name 'Enabled' -value '0xffffffff' -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-Null
New-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsTLS 1.0Client' -name 'DisabledByDefault' -value 0 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-Null
Write-Host 'TLS 1.0 has been enabled.'
 
# Add and Enable TLS 1.1 for client and server SCHANNEL communications
New-Item 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsTLS 1.1Server' -Force | Out-Null
New-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsTLS 1.1Server' -name 'Enabled' -value '0xffffffff' -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-Null
New-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsTLS 1.1Server' -name 'DisabledByDefault' -value 0 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-Null
New-Item 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsTLS 1.1Client' -Force | Out-Null
New-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsTLS 1.1Client' -name 'Enabled' -value '0xffffffff' -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-Null
New-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsTLS 1.1Client' -name 'DisabledByDefault' -value 0 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-Null
Write-Host 'TLS 1.1 has been enabled.'
 
# Add and Enable TLS 1.2 for client and server SCHANNEL communications
New-Item 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsTLS 1.2Server' -Force | Out-Null
New-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsTLS 1.2Server' -name 'Enabled' -value '0xffffffff' -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-Null
New-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsTLS 1.2Server' -name 'DisabledByDefault' -value 0 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-Null
New-Item 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsTLS 1.2Client' -Force | Out-Null
New-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsTLS 1.2Client' -name 'Enabled' -value '0xffffffff' -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-Null
New-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsTLS 1.2Client' -name 'DisabledByDefault' -value 0 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-Null
Write-Host 'TLS 1.2 has been enabled.'
 
# Re-create the ciphers key.
New-Item 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELCiphers' -Force | Out-Null
 
# Disable insecure/weak ciphers.
$insecureCiphers = @(
  'DES 56/56',
  'NULL',
  'RC2 128/128',
  'RC2 40/128',
  'RC2 56/128',
  'RC4 40/128',
  'RC4 56/128',
  'RC4 64/128',
  'RC4 128/128'
)
Foreach ($insecureCipher in $insecureCiphers) {
  $key = (Get-Item HKLM:).OpenSubKey('SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELCiphers', $true).CreateSubKey($insecureCipher)
  $key.SetValue('Enabled', 0, 'DWord')
  $key.close()
  Write-Host "Weak cipher $insecureCipher has been disabled."
}
 
# Enable new secure ciphers.
# - RC4: It is recommended to disable RC4, but you may lock out WinXP/IE8 if you enforce this. This is a requirement for FIPS 140-2.
# - 3DES: It is recommended to disable these in near future. This is the last cipher supported by Windows XP.
# - Windows Vista and before 'Triple DES 168' was named 'Triple DES 168/168' per https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/kb/245030
$secureCiphers = @(
  'AES 128/128',
  'AES 256/256',
  'Triple DES 168'
)
Foreach ($secureCipher in $secureCiphers) {
  $key = (Get-Item HKLM:).OpenSubKey('SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELCiphers', $true).CreateSubKey($secureCipher)
  New-ItemProperty -path "HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELCiphers$secureCipher" -name 'Enabled' -value '0xffffffff' -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-Null
  $key.close()
  Write-Host "Strong cipher $secureCipher has been enabled."
}
 
# Set hashes configuration.
New-Item 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELHashes' -Force | Out-Null
New-Item 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELHashesMD5' -Force | Out-Null
New-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELHashesMD5' -name Enabled -value 0 -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-Null
 
$secureHashes = @(
  'SHA',
  'SHA256',
  'SHA384',
  'SHA512'
)
Foreach ($secureHash in $secureHashes) {
  $key = (Get-Item HKLM:).OpenSubKey('SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELHashes', $true).CreateSubKey($secureHash)
  New-ItemProperty -path "HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELHashes$secureHash" -name 'Enabled' -value '0xffffffff' -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-Null
  $key.close()
  Write-Host "Hash $secureHash has been enabled."
}
 
# Set KeyExchangeAlgorithms configuration.
New-Item 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELKeyExchangeAlgorithms' -Force | Out-Null
$secureKeyExchangeAlgorithms = @(
  'Diffie-Hellman',
  'ECDH',
  'PKCS'
)
Foreach ($secureKeyExchangeAlgorithm in $secureKeyExchangeAlgorithms) {
  $key = (Get-Item HKLM:).OpenSubKey('SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELKeyExchangeAlgorithms', $true).CreateSubKey($secureKeyExchangeAlgorithm)
  New-ItemProperty -path "HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELKeyExchangeAlgorithms$secureKeyExchangeAlgorithm" -name 'Enabled' -value '0xffffffff' -PropertyType 'DWord' -Force | Out-Null
  $key.close()
  Write-Host "KeyExchangeAlgorithm $secureKeyExchangeAlgorithm has been enabled."
}
 
# Set cipher suites order as secure as possible (Enables Perfect Forward Secrecy).
$os = Get-WmiObject -class Win32_OperatingSystem
if ([System.Version]$os.Version -lt [System.Version]'10.0') {
  Write-Host 'Use cipher suites order for Windows 2008R2/2012/2012R2.'
  $cipherSuitesOrder = @(
    'TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384_P521',
    'TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384_P384',
    'TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384_P256',
    'TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256_P521',
    'TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256_P384',
    'TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256_P256',
    'TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA_P521',
    'TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA_P384',
    'TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA_P256',
    'TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA_P521',
    'TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA_P384',
    'TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA_P256',
    'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384_P521',
    'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384_P384',
    'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256_P521',
    'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256_P384',
    'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256_P256',
    'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384_P521',
    'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384_P384',
    'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256_P521',
    'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256_P384',
    'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256_P256',
    'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA_P521',
    'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA_P384',
    'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA_P256',
    'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA_P521',
    'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA_P384',
    'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA_P256',
    'TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384',
    'TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256',
    'TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA256',
    'TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256',
    'TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA',
    'TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA',
    'TLS_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA'
  )
}
else {
  Write-Host 'Use cipher suites order for Windows 10/2016 and later.'
  $cipherSuitesOrder = @(
    'TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384',
    'TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256',
    'TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384',
    'TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256',
    'TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA',
    'TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA',
    'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384',
    'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256',
    'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384',
    'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256',
    'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA',
    'TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA',
    'TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384',
    'TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256',
    'TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA256',
    'TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256',
    'TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA',
    'TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA',
    'TLS_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA'
  )
}
$cipherSuitesAsString = [string]::join(',', $cipherSuitesOrder)
# One user reported this key does not exists on Windows 2012R2. Cannot repro myself on a brand new Windows 2012R2 core machine. Adding this just to be save.
New-Item 'HKLM:SOFTWAREPoliciesMicrosoftCryptographyConfigurationSSL0010002' -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
New-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:SOFTWAREPoliciesMicrosoftCryptographyConfigurationSSL0010002' -name 'Functions' -value $cipherSuitesAsString -PropertyType 'String' -Force | Out-Null
 
Write-Host '--------------------------------------------------------------------------------'
Write-Host 'NOTE: After the system has been rebooted you can verify your server'
Write-Host '      configuration at https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/'
Write-Host "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------`n"
 
Write-Host -ForegroundColor Red 'A computer restart is required to apply settings. Restart computer now?'
Restart-Computer -Force -Confirm

2.2 iisresetssltoweakdefaults

# Copyright 2016, Alexander Hass
# http://www.hass.de/content/setup-your-iis-ssl-perfect-forward-secrecy-and-tls-12
#
# Version 1.0
# - Rollback script created.
 
Write-Host 'Reset IIS to weak and insecure SSL defaults...'
Write-Host '--------------------------------------------------------------------------------'

New-Item 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELCiphers' -Force
New-Item 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELCipherSuites' -Force
New-Item 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELHashes' -Force
New-Item 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELKeyExchangeAlgorithms' -Force
New-Item 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocols' -Force

New-Item 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsSSL 2.0Client' -Force
New-ItemProperty -path 'HKLM:SYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlSecurityProvidersSCHANNELProtocolsSSL 2.0Client' -name DisabledByDefault -value 1 -PropertyType 'DWord'

New-Item 'HKLM:SOFTWAREPoliciesMicrosoftCryptographyConfigurationSSL0010002' -Force

Restart-Computer -Force

3.最后配置IIS站点，添加ssl自签名证书，站点绑定https，并选择刚添加的自签名证书即可。

4.全程无需给服务器安装证书服务，ios客户端证书校验时默认全部通过即可，如果对安全要求严格的客户端可导入证书做校验。

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/huzhenchao/p/6212241.html