1. 定义
定义：修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或者特征的词
作用：限定，描述，修饰名词或者其他代名词的一类词
2. 分类
a. 性质形容词， 叙述形容词
性质形容词: 直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词，有级的变化，可以用程度副词修饰
I want some hot water.
The water is hot.
She finds the water very hot.
叙述形容词：有称为表语形容词，只能做表语(alike, alive, alone, asleep, awake)
The girl is asleep.
b. 简单形容词， 复合形容词
简单形容词:
不带前缀或后缀： good, round, pretty, nice
带有前缀或后缀：illegal, interesting, wonderful
复合形容词:
形容词 + 形容词，现在分词，过去分词，名词，名词+ed
名词 + 形容词，现在分词，过去分词，名词+ed
数词+名词（单数）+形容词
Light-blue, worldwide, good-looking, time-savine, well-handled, hand-made, low-quality, stone-hearted, open-minded, five-month-old
3. 功能
- 定语
Diligent students will always have good results.
-表语
She is awake for 10 hours.
- 状语
The girl sits in the corner, silent.
-补语
She found the river day.
- 独立成分
She has already won a worldwide reputation, needless to say, the fact that she is famous in China.
4.用法
- The + adj. 表示一类人，于谓语动词的复数连接
the dead
the living
the rich
the poor
the blind
the hungry
- The + 国籍
the Chinese
the British
The French
-- 多个形容词修饰一个中心词时，顺序
限定词 - 数词 - 描述词（大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色）- 出处 - 材料性质 - 类别 - 中心词
美小圆旧黄，法国木书房
a big round desk
the third most expensive race car
a big new living room
a famous German medical school
-- 形容人
Sally is such an optimistic girl that she could always pass on her passion for life to others.
You might think that you are being helpful, but actually, you are doing harm to the little kids.
We must be honest about what we don't know.
You have to be patient if you wanna become a photographer.
Be modest, or you will lag behind. Stay hungry, stay foolish
Our cultural background may have influenced who we are, but we are responsible for who we become.
How selfish she is.
You cannot be so selfish. You have to care about the environment.
People always tend to be passive or keep quiet, but what we need is the courage to debate.
I am satisfied with your work（感到满意）
Your work is satisfying.(令人满意）
I'm surprised with the beauty's English.
The beauty's English is surprising.
The little girl was frightened by the earthquake.
The earthquake is frightening.
The boss is annoyed with the staff's mistakes.
The staff's mistakes are really annoying.
- 比较级：两者之间的比较
比较级 + than
比较级 + and + 比较级
the 比较级， the 比较级
最高级： 最....
| 构成方式 | 原级 | 比较级 | 最高级 | |
| 变换规则 | 单音节词，一般在词尾加er, est |
small new |
smaller newer |
smallest newest |
| 以不发音的e结尾的词只加r, st |
late large |
later larger |
latest largest |
|
| 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，双写结尾辅音字母，加er, est |
hot big |
hotter bigger |
hottest biggest |
|
| 以辅音字母+y结尾的词，变y为i再加er, est |
happy dry |
happier drier |
happiest driest |
其他双音节词、多音节词均在前面加more, most
| 原级 | 比较级 | 最高级 |
| colorful | more ~ | most ~ |
| beautiful | ||
| difficult | ||
| amazing | ||
| intelligent |
不规则变化
| 类别 | 原级 | 比较级 | 最高级 |
| 不规则变化 | good/well | better | best |
| bad/ill | worse | worst | |
| many/much | more | most | |
| far |
farther(距离远） further（程度深） |
farthest furthest |
|
| little | less | least | |
| old |
older（比...年长/老旧， 定语，表语， 人、事物） elder(年级较长的，只做定语，人) |
oldest eldest |
more and more + adj. 越来越...
more and more interesting
more and more beautiful
more and more intelligent
the thinner, the more charming
the more, the better
the sooner, the better
the larger, the better
the smaller, the better
much, even, far, a lot
a little,, a bit, still
Airplanes go much faster than trains.
Sally is the tallest girl in her class
LV bags are the most gorgeous ones.
Those who are loved are the happiest people.
- 长着副词的模样，但是为形容词
friendly, deadly, lovely, lonely, likely, lively, ugly, brotherly
- 副词模样，即为形容词，又为副词
daily, weekly, monthly, yearly, early
The Global People is a weekly paper.
The Global People is published weekly.
Daily meeting.