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提示:需要开三台虚拟机(Nginx,PHP,MySQL)
LNMP:即(Linux,Nginx,MySQL,PHP)
LNMP搭建步骤:
1,搭建MySQL
2,搭建Nginx
3,搭建PHP
4,分发以上的配置文件
5,启动以上的配置文件
一:安装MySQL
(1)创建MySQL用户的账号
[root@MySQL ~]# groupadd mysql [root@MySQL ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -g mysql -M mysql [root@MySQL ~]# tail -1 /etc/passwd mysql:x:500:501::/home/mysql:/sbin/nologin [root@MySQL ~]# id mysql uid=500(mysql) gid=501(mysql) groups=501(mysql)
(2)获取MySQL二进制软件包
百度网盘:http://pan.baidu.com/s/1hrBCzsC
提取码:4yjf
(3)采用二进制安装MySQL(仅需解压即可,省事,方便)
[root@MySQL ~]# tar xf mysql-5.5.32-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ [root@MySQL ~]# cd /usr/local/ [root@MySQL local]# mv mysql-5.5.32-linux2.6-x86_64 mysql-5.5.32 [root@MySQL local]# ln -s mysql-5.5.32 mysql [root@MySQL local]# ls bin etc games include lib lib64 libexec mysql mysql-5.5.32 sbin share src [root@MySQL local]# cd /usr/local/mysql [root@MySQL mysql]# ls bin data include lib mysql-test scripts sql-bench COPYING docs INSTALL-BINARY man README share support-files
(4)初始化MySQL配置文件my.cnf
[root@MySQL mysql]# ls -l support-files/*.cnf -rw-r--r--. 1 7161 wheel 4691 Jun 19 2013 support-files/my-huge.cnf -rw-r--r--. 1 7161 wheel 19759 Jun 19 2013 support-files/my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf -rw-r--r--. 1 7161 wheel 4665 Jun 19 2013 support-files/my-large.cnf -rw-r--r--. 1 7161 wheel 4676 Jun 19 2013 support-files/my-medium.cnf -rw-r--r--. 1 7161 wheel 2840 Jun 19 2013 support-files/my-small.cnf [root@MySQL mysql]# /bin/cp support-files/my-small.cnf /etc/my.cnf
提示:
- support-files下有my.cnf的各种配置样例。 - 使用cp全路径/bin/cp,可实现拷贝而不出现替换提示,即如果有重名文件会直接覆盖 - 本例为测试安装环境,因此选择参数配置小的my-small.cnf配置模版,如果是生产环境可以根据硬件选择更高级的配置文件,上述配置文件模版对硬件的要求从低到高依次为: my-medium.cnf (最低) my-small.cnf my-large.cnf my-huge.cnf my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf(最高)
(5)初始化MySQL文件
[root@MySQL mysql]# mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/data [root@MySQL mysql]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql [root@MySQL mysql]# yum -y install libaio [root@MySQL]# /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --user=mysql #初始化MySQL数据库文件,会有很多信息提示,如果没有ERROR级别的错误,会有两个OK的字样,表示初始化成功,否则就要解决初始化的问题
(6)配置并启动MySQL
[root@mysql mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld #拷贝MySQL启动脚本到MySQL的命令路径 [root@mysql mysql]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld #使脚本可执行 [root@mysql mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start Starting MySQL... SUCCESS! #启动MySQL [root@mysql mysql]# netstat -antup | grep mysql #过滤其端口 tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1347/mysqld 如果发现3306端口没起来,请tail -100 /usr/local/mysql/data/主机名.err查看日志信息,看是否有报错信息,然后根据相关错误提示进行调试。经常查看服务运行日志是个很好的习惯,也是高手的习惯。 [root@mysql mysql]# chkconfig mysqld on #设置MySQL开机自启动 [root@mysql mysql]# chkconfig --list mysqld mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off [root@mysql mysql]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/* /usr/local/bin/ #配置mysql的全局使用路径 [root@mysql mysql]# which mysqladmin /usr/local/bin/mysqladmin
二:安装Nginx
(1)nginx的编译安装部署
[root@Nginx ~]# mount /dev/sr0 /media/cdrom/ mount: block device /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only [root@Nginx ~]# yum install -y pcre-devel openssl-devel #wget -q http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.10.2.tar.gz [root@Nginx ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M www #创建程序用户 [root@Nginx ~]# tar xf nginx-1.10.2.tar.gz -C /usr/src/ #解压缩 [root@Nginx ~]# cd /usr/src/nginx-1.10.2 [root@Nginx nginx-1.10.2]# ./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module #预配置 [root@Nginx nginx-1.10.2]# make && make install #编译和安装 [root@Nginx nginx-1.10.2]# ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/* /usr/local/sbin/ #给命令做软连接,以便PATH能找到 [root@Nginx nginx-1.10.2]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx #启动Nginx
(2)修改Nginx配置文件
[root@Nginx conf]# cat nginx.conf.default | egrep -v "#|^$" > nginx.conf [root@Nginx conf]# vim nginx.conf [root@Nginx conf]# cat nginx.conf woeker_processes 1; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; sendfile on; keepalive_timeout 65; server { listen 80; server_name www.yunjisuan.com; root /www; location / { index index.html index.htm; } } } # 检查配置文件 [root@Nginx conf]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful #加入映射文件 [root@Nginx conf]# echo "`hostname -I` www.yunjisuan.com" >> /etc/hosts [root@Nginx conf]# cat /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4 ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6 192.168.100.129 www.yunjisuan.com
(3)添加网页及测试
[root@Nginx conf]# mkdir /www [root@Nginx conf]# echo "`hostname -I` www.yunjisuan.com" >> /www/index.html [root@Nginx conf]# chown -R www.www /www/ #PHP的程序用户也要弄成www [root@Nginx conf]# curl www.yunjisuan.com 192.168.100.129 www.yunjisuan.com
三:安装PHP
(1)安装PHP所需的lib库
[root@PHP ~]# yum -y install zlib-devel libxml2-devel libjpeg-devel libjpeg-turbo-devel libiconv-devel [root@PHP ~]# yum -y install freetype-devel libpng-devel gd libcurl-devel libxslt-devel
(2)安装yum无法安装的libiconv库
[root@PHP ~]# yum -y install wget [root@PHP ~]# wget http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.14.tar.gz [root@PHP ~]# ls anaconda-ks.cfg install.log install.log.syslog libiconv-1.14.tar.gz [root@PHP ~]# tar xf libiconv-1.14.tar.gz -C /usr/src/ [root@PHP ~]# cd /usr/src/libiconv-1.14/ [root@PHP libiconv-1.14]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libiconv && make && make install
(3)云yum安装其它几个库
[root@PHP libiconv-1.14]# yum -y install libmcrypt-devel [root@PHP ~]# yum -y install mhash [root@PHP ~]# yum -y install mcrypt wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-6.repo #云yum
(4)获取PHP软件包
[root@PHP ~]# wget http://cn2.php.net/get/php-5.3.28.tar.gz/from/this/mirror
(5)解压配置及编译安装
先解压配置:
[root@PHP ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M www [root@PHP ~]# id www uid=500(www) gid=500(www) groups=500(www) [root@PHP ~]# tar xf php-5.3.28.tar.gz -C /usr/src/ [root@PHP ~]# cd /usr/src/php-5.3.28/ [root@PHP php-5.3.28]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php5.3.28 --with-mysql=mysqlnd --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local/libiconv --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fpm --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap --enable-short-tags --enable-zend-multibyte --enable-static --with-xsl --with-fpm-user=www --with-fpm-group=www --enable-ftp
yum -y install xxx -devel是安装前面有关xxx的所有包
配置后,一定要echo $?进行确认,以免影响进程配置成功后会冒出下图:
然后进行编译安装:
[root@PHP php-5.3.28]# make && make install #分离式直接进行编译安装
(6)配置PHP的两个文件
引擎配置文件php.ini
[root@PHP php-5.3.28]# ln -s /usr/local/php5.3.28/ /usr/local/php #设置软连接,以便访问 [root@PHP php-5.3.28]# ls php.ini* #查看PHP配置的默认模板文件,绝对路径:/usr/src/php-5.3.28/ php.ini-development php.ini-production [root@PHP php-5.3.28]# cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini #拷贝并改名 [root@PHP php-5.3.28]# ls -l /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 69627 Nov 25 23:32 /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
php-fpm.conf
[root@PHP php-5.3.28]# cd /usr/local/php/etc/ [root@PHP etc]# ls pear.conf php-fpm.conf.default [root@PHP etc]# cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf #然后vim进去,修改第151行:监听本地IP(listen = 192.168.100.129:9000)
(7)启动PHP服务并检查
[root@PHP etc]# /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm #启动PHP服务 [root@PHP etc]# ps -ef | grep php-fpm #检查PHP的进程 root 30699 1 0 23:42 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: master process (/usr/local/php5.3.28/etc/php-fpm.conf) www 30700 30699 0 23:42 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www www 30701 30699 0 23:42 ? 00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www root 30716 1046 0 23:43 pts/0 00:00:00 grep php-fpm [root@PHP etc]# lsof -i:9000 #检查其端口 COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME php-fpm 30699 root 7u IPv4 146919 0t0 TCP 192.168.200.30:cslistener (LISTEN) php-fpm 30700 www 0u IPv4 146919 0t0 TCP 192.168.200.30:cslistener (LISTEN) php-fpm 30701 www 0u IPv4 146919 0t0 TCP 192.168.200.30:cslistener (LISTEN)
四:配置Nginx支持PHP程序的请求访问
location ~ .*.(php|php5)?$ { fastcgi_pass IP:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; include fastcgi.conf; Nginx的配置文件中加一个location 如上。 [root@Nginx conf]# /usr/local/sbin/nginx -s reload #重启Nginx服务
测试静态:
在windows做映射 192.168.100.129 www.yunjisuan.com
然后在IE浏览器中测试一下静态网页:www.yunjisuan.com
测试动态:
在PHP下创建mkdir /www 然后echo "xxx" >> index.php
Nginx中必须跟PHP中(index.php)一样,虽然PHP可以推过来,可以测试成功,但Nginx中不能没有,本地没有会被权限拒绝掉的(空的也行)
五:加入数据库(MySQL)
[root@MySQL mysql]# mysql -uroot -p123123 Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g. Your MySQL connection id is 5 Server version: 5.5.32 MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> grant all on *.* to 'yunjisuan'@'%' identified by '123123'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
六:创建网页(PHP,Nginx)
[root@PHP www]# cat test_mysql.php <?php //$link_id=mysql_connect('主机名','用户','密码'); $link_id=mysql_connect('192.168.100.129','yunjisuan','123123'); if($link_id){ echo "mysql successful"; }else{ echo mysql_error(); } ?>
最后可以在IE浏览器中测试:
www.yunjisuan.com/test_mysql.php
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