安装环境:系统是 centos6.5
下载地址:http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.6.html#downloads
下载版本:我这里选择的5.6.33,通用版,linux下64位
也可以直接复制64位的下载地址,通过命令下载:wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.33-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
安装步骤
0、卸载老版本MySQL
查找并删除mysql有关的文件
find / -name mysql
rm -rf
上边查找到的路径,多个路径用空格隔开,或者下边一条命令即可
find / -name mysql|xargs rm -rf
1、在安装包存放目录下执行命令解压文件:
mkdir /usr/local/mysql tar -zxvf mysql-5.6.33-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz mv 改名操作 或者 复制cp, 总之是让tar解压后的文件到mysql目录下即可
2、删除安装包,重命名解压后的文件
rm -f mysql-5.6.31-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
mv mysql-5.6.31-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/ mysql
3、添加mysql用户组和mysql用户
先检查是否有mysql用户组和mysql用户
groups mysql
若无,则添加;
groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql mysql
若有,则跳过;
4、进入mysql目录更改权限
cd mysql/
chown -R mysql:mysql ./
5、执行安装脚本
./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
此时遇到错误
Data:Dummper
,通过yum install autoconf
解决。
安装完之后修改当前目录拥有者为root用户,修改data目录拥有者为mysql
chown -R root:root ./
chown -R mysql:mysql data
6、更改mysql密码
先启动mysql
./support-files/mysql.server start
如果MySQL启动报错,则可能是已经存在MySQL进程,杀掉即可
ps aux|grep mysql kill -9 上边的进程号 #或者下边一条命令即可杀掉所有MySQL进程 ps aux|grep mysql|awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill -9
杀掉后再启动即可。
上一步安装脚本执行输出的日志中告诉我们如何更改密码了
MySQL启动之后再执行如下命令更改密码:
./bin/mysqladmin -u root -h localhost.localdomain password 'root'
警告可以暂时忽略,密码更改后即可登录MySQL
./bin/mysql -h127.0.0.1 -uroot -proot
登录之后将其他用户的密码也可改为root
update mysql.user set password=password('root') where user='root';
flush privileges;
7、更改环境变量:
vim /etc/profile 加入: export PATH="/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH" 最后执行立即生效: source /etc/profile
8、增加远程登录权限
上一步即可本地登录,但远程登录会报错
其它主机无法通过nav连接的主要原因在3306端口没打开。
a.Centos7 的打开端口方法 , 其它系统不一样
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent firewall-cmd --reload 防火墙重启 firewall-cmd --state 查看防火墙状态 firewall-cmd --list-ports 查看打开端口
b.Mysql打开远程权限
登陆mysql后执行:
grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by 'root';
flush privileges;
执行之后即可远程登录
9、将MySQL加入Service系统服务
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld chkconfig --add mysqld chkconfig mysqld on service mysqld restart service mysqld status
10、配置my.cnf
vim my.cnf #添加以下两条语句并保存退出 default-character-set=utf8 lower_case_table_names=1 max_allowed_packet=100M
配置好之后,重启mysqld服务
另外:
当需数据库存储表情时可如下配置数据库的配置文件 my.cnf
1 # For advice on how to change settings please see 2 # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-configuration-defaults.html 3 # *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the 4 # *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you 5 # *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL. 6 7 [client] 8 default-character-set=utf8mb4 9 10 [mysqld] 11 character-set-server=utf8mb4 12 13 collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci 14 15 init-connect="SET NAMES utf8mb4" 16 17 log-bin=mysql-bin 18 19 binlog_format=mixed 20 21 22 #lower_case_table_names=1 23 max_allowed_packet=100M 24 25 26 #server-id=179 27 28 # Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data 29 # cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%. 30 # innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M 31 32 # Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging 33 # changes to the binary log between backups. 34 # log_bin 35 36 # These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required. 37 # basedir = ..... 38 # datadir = ..... 39 # port = ..... 40 # server_id = ..... 41 # socket = ..... 42 43 # Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers. 44 # The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs. 45 # Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values. 46 # join_buffer_size = 128M 47 # sort_buffer_size = 2M 48 # read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M 49 50 sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES