c++有关构造函数、析构函数和类的组合的一个简单例子

来源链接

实验四（下）

代码

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

enum CPU_Rank {P1 = 1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7};
class CPU {
private:
    CPU_Rank rank;
    int frequency;
    float voltage;

public:
    CPU(CPU_Rank r, int f, float v) {
        rank = r;
        frequency = f;
        voltage = v;
        cout << "构造了一个CPU！" << endl;
    }

    CPU(CPU &c) {
        rank = c.rank;
        frequency = c.frequency;
        voltage = c.voltage;

        cout << "拷贝构造了一个CPU！" << endl;
    }

    ~CPU() {
        cout << "析构了一个CPU！" << endl;
    }

    CPU_Rank GetRank() const { return rank; }
    int GetFrequency() const { return frequency; }
    float GetVoltage() const { return voltage; }

    void SetRank(CPU_Rank r) { rank = r; }
    void SetFrequecy(int f) { frequency = f; }
    void SetVoltage(float v) { voltage = v; }

    void Run() { cout << "CPU开始运行！" << endl; }
    void Stop() { cout << "CPU停止运行！" << endl; }
};

enum RAM_Type{DDR2 = 2, DDR3, DDR4};
class RAM {
private:
    enum RAM_Type type;
    unsigned int frequency;
    unsigned int size;

public:
    RAM(RAM_Type t, unsigned int f, unsigned int s) {
        type = t;
        frequency = f;
        size = s;
        cout << "构造了一个RAM！" << endl;
    }

    RAM(RAM &r) {
        type = r.type;
        frequency = r.frequency;
        size = r.size;

        cout << "拷贝构造了一个RAM！" << endl;
    }

    ~RAM() { cout << "析构了一个RAM！" << endl; }

    RAM_Type GetType() const { return type; }
    unsigned int GetFrequency() const { return frequency; }
    unsigned int GetSize() const { return size; }

    void SetType(RAM_Type t) { type = t; }
    void SetFrequency(unsigned int f) { frequency = f; }
    void SetSize(unsigned int s) { size = s; }

    void Run() { cout << "RAM开始运行！" << endl; }
    void Stop() { cout << "RAM停止运行！" << endl; }
};

enum CDROM_Interface {SATA, USB};
enum CDROM_Install_type {external, built_in};
class CD_ROM {
private:
    enum CDROM_Interface interface_type;
    unsigned int cache_size;
    CDROM_Install_type install_type;

public:
    CD_ROM(CDROM_Interface i, unsigned int s, CDROM_Install_type it) {
        interface_type = i;
        cache_size = s;
        install_type = it;
        cout << "构造了一个CD_ROM！" << endl;
    }

    CD_ROM(CD_ROM &cd) {
        interface_type = cd.interface_type;
        cache_size = cd.cache_size;
        install_type = cd.install_type;

        cout << "拷贝构造了一个CD_ROM！" << endl;
    }

    ~CD_ROM() { cout << "析构了一个CD_ROM！" << endl; }

    CDROM_Interface GetInterfaceType() const { return interface_type; }
    unsigned int GetSize() const { return cache_size; }
    CDROM_Install_type GetInstallType() const { return install_type; }

    void SetInterfaceType(CDROM_Interface i) { interface_type = i; }
    void SetSize(unsigned int s) { cache_size = s; }
    void SetInstallType(CDROM_Install_type it) { install_type = it; }

    void Run() { cout << "CD_ROM开始运行！" << endl; }
    void Stop() { cout << "CD_ROM停止运行！" << endl; }
};

class COMPUTER {
private:
    CPU my_cpu;
    RAM my_ram;
    CD_ROM my_cdrom;
    unsigned int storage_size; //GB
    unsigned int bandwidth; //MB

public:
    COMPUTER(CPU c, RAM r, CD_ROM cd, unsigned int s, unsigned int b);
    ~COMPUTER() { cout << "析构了一个COMPUTOR！" << endl; }

    void Run() {
        my_cpu.Run();
        my_ram.Run();
        my_cdrom.Run();
        cout << "COMPUTER开始运行！" << endl;
    }

    void Stop() {
        my_cpu.Stop();
        my_ram.Stop();
        my_cdrom.Stop();
        cout << "COMPUTER停止运行！" << endl;
    }
};

COMPUTER::COMPUTER(CPU c, RAM r, CD_ROM cd, unsigned int s, unsigned int b):my_cpu(c), my_ram(r), my_cdrom(cd) {
    storage_size = s;
    bandwidth = b;

    cout << "构造了一个COMPUTER！" << endl;
}

int main() {
    CPU a(P6, 300, 2.8);
    a.Run();
    a.Stop();
    cout << "*************************
";

    RAM b(DDR3, 1600, 8);
    b.Run();
    b.Stop();
    cout << "*************************
";

    CD_ROM c(SATA, 2, built_in);
    c.Run();
    c.Stop();
    cout << "*************************
";

    COMPUTER my_computer(a, b, c, 128, 10);
    cout << "*************************
";

    my_computer.Run();
    my_computer.Stop();
    cout << "*************************
";

    return 0;
}

控制台输出

说明：macOS+CLion

注：

海蓝色的线对应形实结合的拷贝构造与析构；

黄色的线对应初始化列表的拷贝构造与析构。