iOS页面间传值的方式(NSUserDefault/Delegate/NSNotification/Block)
实现了以下iOS页面间传值:1.委托delegate方式;2.通知notification方式;3.block方式;4.UserDefault或者文件方式;5.单例模式方式;6.通过设置属性,实现页面间传值
在iOS开发中,我们经常会遇到页面间跳转传值的问题,现归纳总结一下:
情况1:A页面跳转到B页面
方法:
在B页面的控制器中,编写对应的属性,在A页面跳转到B页面的地方,给B的属性赋值即可
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@property(nonatomic) NSInteger flag; //当前系统标示(0:其他传值方式;1:block传值方式) |
在A页面的试图控制器中
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- (IBAction)showSecondView:(id)sender { SecondViewController *second = [[SecondViewController alloc] initWithNibName:@ "SecondViewController" bundle:nil]; second.delegate = self; second.flag = 0; [self presentViewController:second animated:YES completion:nil]; } |
情况2:A页面跳转到B页面,B页面再跳转回A页面,并将b视图中的参数传递给A视图中
主流方案:
(1)通过委托delegate的方式实现
设置协议及方法
双方负责的事项:
委托方:在.h文件定义协议,声明代理方法,定义代理属性。在.m文件中调用代理方法。
代理方:在.m中设置代理(如:self.delegate = self),实现代理方法。
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//SecondViewController.h |
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@protocol secondViewDelegate -( void )showName:(NSString *)nameString; @end |
设置代理(为防止循环引用,此次采用了weak)
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//SecondViewController.h |
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@interface SecondViewController : UIViewController @property (nonatomic, weak)id<secondViewDelegate> delegate;//设置代理属性 @end |
点击按钮传递数组让其显示
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//SecondViewController.m - (IBAction)delegateMethod:(id)sender { if ([self notEmpty]) { [self.delegate showName:self.nameTextField.text];//调用代理方法 [self dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil]; } else { [self showAlert]; } } |
调用,显示
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//RootViewController.m //实现代理方法
-( void )showName:(NSString *)nameString{ self.nameLabel.text = nameString; } |
最重要也是最容易忽略的,就是一定要设置delegate的指向。
效果:
(2)通过通知notification的方式实现
在B页面的控制器中,发送通知:
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//SecondViewController.m - (IBAction)notificationMethod:(id)sender { if ([self notEmpty]) { [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] postNotificationName:@ "ChangeNameNotification" object:self userInfo:@{@ "name" :self.nameTextField.text}]; [self dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil]; } else { [self showAlert]; } } |
在A页面的控制器中,注册通知:
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//RootViewController.m - ( void )viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; // Do any additional setup after loading the view from its nib. [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(ChangeNameNotification:) name:@ "ChangeNameNotification" object:nil]; } |
当我们不使用时,要记得删掉通知:
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//RootViewController.m -( void )dealloc{ [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] removeObserver:self]; } |
调用,显示
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//RootViewController.m -( void )ChangeNameNotification:(NSNotification*)notification{ NSDictionary *nameDictionary = [notification userInfo]; self.nameLabel.text = [nameDictionary objectForKey:@ "name" ]; } |
(3)block方式实现
分析:
在B试图控制器中,定义一个block,参数为字符串
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//SecondViewController.h typedef void (^ablock)(NSString *str); |
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//SecondViewController.h @property (nonatomic, copy) ablock block; |
在B试图控制器中,
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- (IBAction)blockMethod:(id)sender { if ([self notEmpty]) { if (self.block) { self.block(self.nameTextField.text); [self dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil]; } } else { [self showAlert]; } } |
在A试图显示,回调block
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- (IBAction)showSecondWithBlock:(id)sender { SecondViewController *second = [[SecondViewController alloc] initWithNibName:@ "SecondViewController" bundle:nil]; [self presentViewController:second animated:YES completion:nil]; second.block = ^(NSString *str){ self.nameLabel.text = str; }; } |
链接一篇描述block回调挺有意思的文章:http://blog.csdn.net/mobanchengshuang/article/details/11751671
在查阅资料的过程中,我还看到了以下几种方案:
(1)使用SharedApplication,定义一个变量来传递(感觉和单例的方式一样)
(2)使用文件,或者NSUserdefault来传递
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//通过文件或者UserDefault方式存值(感觉不太适合此类传值,如果要用文件或者UserDefault方式存值的话,可以考虑此方式) - (IBAction)userDefaultMethod:(id)sender { if ([self notEmpty]) { [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] setObject:self.nameTextField.text forKey:@ "myNameText" ]; [self dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil]; } else { [self showAlert]; } } |
在A试图控制器显示
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-( void )viewDidAppear:( BOOL )animated{ [super viewDidAppear:animated]; //如果想测试通过UserDefault方式传值或者通过单例方式传值,取消以下注释即可 /* if ([[[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] objectForKey:@"myNameText"] length] != 0) { self.nameLabel.text = [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] objectForKey:@"myNameText"]; [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] setObject:@"" forKey:@"myNameText"]; } DataSource *dataSource = [DataSource sharedDataSource]; if ([dataSource.myName length] != 0) { self.nameLabel.text = dataSource.myName; dataSource.myName = @""; } */ } |
(3)通过一个单例的class来传递
B试图控制器
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//通过单例方式传值(感觉不太适合此类传值,如果要用单例方式传值的话,可以考虑此方式) - (IBAction)singletonMethod:(id)sender { if ([self notEmpty]) { DataSource *dataSource = [DataSource sharedDataSource]; dataSource.myName = self.nameTextField.text; [self dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil]; } else { [self showAlert]; } } |
A试图控制器显示
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-( void )viewDidAppear:( BOOL )animated{ [super viewDidAppear:animated]; //如果想测试通过UserDefault方式传值或者通过单例方式传值,取消以下注释即可 /* if ([[[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] objectForKey:@"myNameText"] length] != 0) { self.nameLabel.text = [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] objectForKey:@"myNameText"]; [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] setObject:@"" forKey:@"myNameText"]; } DataSource *dataSource = [DataSource sharedDataSource]; if ([dataSource.myName length] != 0) { self.nameLabel.text = dataSource.myName; dataSource.myName = @""; } */ } @end |
这里面用到了单例模式,编写了DataSource这个类,存放数据
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// // DataSource.h // TestCallBack // // Created by csdc-iMac on 14-7-17. // Copyright (c) 2014年 JuneWang. All rights reserved. // #import <Foundation/Foundation.h> @interface DataSource : NSObject @property (nonatomic, strong) NSString *myName; +(DataSource*)sharedDataSource; @end |
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// // DataSource.m // TestCallBack // // Created by csdc-iMac on 14-7-17. // Copyright (c) 2014年 JuneWang. All rights reserved. // #import "DataSource.h" @implementation DataSource +(DataSource *)sharedDataSource{ static DataSource *dataSource = nil; static dispatch_once_t once; dispatch_once(&once, ^{ dataSource = [DataSource new ]; }); return dataSource; } @end |
程序运行截图
A视图: