1、什么是单例模式
单例模式:基于某种方法实例化多次得到实例是同一个
2、为何用单例模式
当实例化多次得到的对象中存放的属性都一样的情况,应该将多个对象指向同一个内存,即同一个实例
3、如何用
'''
# 单例模式实现方式一:
# import settings
#
# class Mysql:
# __instacne=None
#
# def __init__(self,ip,port):
# self.ip=ip
# self.port=port
#
# @classmethod
# def from_conf(cls):
# if cls.__instacne is None:
# cls.__instacne=cls(settings.IP,settings.PORT)
# return cls.__instacne
# # obj=Mysql('1.1.1.10',3306)
#
# obj1=Mysql.from_conf()
# obj2=Mysql.from_conf()
# obj3=Mysql.from_conf()
#
# print(obj1)
# print(obj2)
# print(obj3)
#
# obj4=Mysql('10.10.10.11',3307)
# 单例模式实现方式二:
# import settings
# def singleton(cls):
# cls.__instance=cls(settings.IP,settings.PORT)
# def wrapper(*args,**kwargs):
# if len(args) == 0 and len(kwargs) == 0:
# return cls.__instance
# return cls(*args,**kwargs)
# return wrapper
#
# @singleton #Mysql=singleton(Mysql) #Mysql=wrapper
# class Mysql:
# def __init__(self,ip,port):
# self.ip=ip
# self.port=port
#
#
# obj1=Mysql() #wrapper()
# obj2=Mysql() #wrapper()
# obj3=Mysql() #wrapper()
# print(obj1 is obj2 is obj3)
# print(obj1)
# print(obj2)
# print(obj3)
# obj4=Mysql('1.1.1.4',3308)
# print(obj4)
# 单例模式实现方式三:
import settings
class Mymeta(type):
def __init__(self,class_name,class_bases,class_dic): #self=Mysql
super(Mymeta,self).__init__(class_name,class_bases,class_dic )
self.__instance=self.__new__(self) #造出一个Mysql的对象
self.__init__(self.__instance,settings.IP,settings.PORT) #从配置文件中加载配置完成Mysql对象的初始化
# print(self.__instance)
# print(self.__instance.__dict__)
def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs): #self=Mysql
if len(args) == 0 and len(kwargs) == 0:
return self.__instance
obj=self.__new__(self)
self.__init__(obj,*args,**kwargs)
return obj
class Mysql(object,metaclass=Mymeta): #Mysql=Mymeta(...)
def __init__(self,ip,port):
self.ip=ip
self.port=port
obj1=Mysql()
obj2=Mysql()
obj3=Mysql()
obj4=Mysql('10.10.10.11',3308)
print(obj1)
print(obj2)
print(obj3)
print(obj4)