• 用javascript向一个网页连接接口发送请求,并接收该接口返回的json串


    一般前端与后端的互交都是通过json字符串来互交的,我的理解就是与网页接口的来回数据传递采用的数据结构就是json。一般是这样。

    比如后端的代码是这样的:

     1 @RequestMapping(value = "quartz/list", method = RequestMethod.GET, produces = "application/json")
     2     public @ResponseBody String listQuartz(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
     3 
     4         response.setContentType("application/json");
     5 
     6         String json;
     7         List<DDSProduct> products = new ArrayList<DDSProduct>();
     8 
     9         try {
    10 
    11             conn = connPool.getConnection();
    12 
    13             Statement stmt = conn.createStatement();
    14             // Create a result set object for the statement
    15             ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT jobID,filePath FROM NwfdDDSDetail");
    16 
    17             while (rs.next()) {
    18                 DDSProduct product = new DDSProduct();
    19                 product.setJobID(Integer.parseInt(rs.getString("jobID")));
    20                 product.setFilePath(rs.getString("filePath"));
    21 
    22                 products.add(product);
    23 
    24             }
    25             connPool.freeConnection(conn);
    26 
    27 
    28         } catch (Exception e) {
    29             e.printStackTrace();
    30         }
    31 
    32         Gson g = new Gson();
    33 
    34         json = g.toJson(products);
    35 
    36         return json;
    37 
    38     }
    View Code

    由上面代码可以看出,后端Servlet的一个函数在接收到该网页的http的GET请求后,立即用JDBC向数据库取出了相关的信息,并转换成json字符串,向这个网页接口返回这个json串,如果前端不采取任何措施,这样的数据是让用户让用户看不懂的,前端的作用就是获取这些json数据,把他解析出来(js原生就支持解释json),根据js和html和CSS把它用适当的形式展现出来,这是一个前后端基本的互交流程.下面是一个前端请求后端数据并展现的一个过程:

     1 <html>
     2 <head>
     3  <title>Show Product List</title>
     4  <script type="text/javascript" src="http://libs.baidu.com/jquery/1.9.1/jquery.min.js"> 
     5  </script>
     6  
     7  
     8 </head>
     9 <body>
    10 <h2>Hello World!</h2>
    11 <div id="result" style="color:red"></div>
    12 <script>
    13 var getJSON = function(url) {
    14       return new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {
    15         var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
    16         xhr.open('get', url, true);
    17         xhr.responseType = 'json';
    18         xhr.onload = function() {
    19           var status = xhr.status;
    20           if (status == 200) {
    21             resolve(xhr.response);
    22           } else {
    23             reject(status);
    24           }
    25         };
    26         xhr.send();
    27       });
    28     };
    29 
    30     getJSON('http://localhost:8080/MQDispatch/mq/quartz/list').then(function(data) {
    31         alert('Your Json result is:  ' + data); //you can comment this, i used it to debug
    32         
    33         
    34         var html = '<ul>';
    35         for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
    36             html += '<li>' + 'jobID is:'+data[i].jobID + ', file path is' +data[i].filePath + '</li>';
    37         }
    38         html += '</ul>';
    39         
    40         
    41         document.getElementById('result').innerHTML = html; //display the result in an HTML element
    42     }, function(status) { //error detection....
    43       alert('Something went wrong.');
    44     });
    45 
    46 </script>
    47 
    48 </body>
    49 </html>
    View Code

    后端可以看到,js向该接口做出请求,并用回调函数取出了返回的数据,并把它解析为一个<ul>,放入div块中。之后还可以做更复杂的展示,这只是一个例子。

    references:

    http://stackoverflow.com/questions/9922101/get-json-data-from-external-url-and-display-it-in-a-div-as-plain-text

    http://www.cnblogs.com/etindex/archive/2009/03/10/1408210.html

    http://stackoverflow.com/questions/17620654/getting-data-from-a-json-url-and-displaying-it-in-html-with-javascript-jquery?rq=1

    http://baike.baidu.com/link?url=7iy69iOZvqMJzn0aoytKsFCwr4pzXDDS_U-pStxdOd5EdSaCg_apCP7jXUqXme5rse463WOzqU9_flsh10d3G_     (jsonp百科)

    http://baike.baidu.com/link?url=QdtzWyRqUDvO1zR9TI_YDGPf1baL73RB7j2ASd_abck2CJLgmvJeU1qm0zU1HdxFUhl4mv6_UsvJ_9jYo4TednOtZMgF3iOslwTxGYxbO_O  (Ajax百科)

    https://www.quora.com/How-does-a-frontend-code-and-a-backend-code-interact-with-each-other

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/foohack/p/5053084.html
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