• 学习SpringMVC——你们要的REST风格的CRUD来了


      来来来,让一下,客官,您要的REST清蒸CRUD来了,火候刚刚好,不油不腻,请慢用~~~

      如果说前面是准备调料,洗菜,切菜,摆盘,那么今天就来完整的上道菜,主要说的是基于REST风格实现数据的增删改查(CRUD)操作。

    用料 

      entity:Employee + Department

      对于这样的实体类大家肯定很熟悉,一个Employee就是一个员工,一个Department就是一个部门,一个员工只属于一个部门,一个部门可以对应多个员工。

      Employee.java

    package com.jackie.springmvc.crud.entities;
    
    import java.util.Date;
    import javax.validation.constraints.Past;
    import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.Email;
    import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.NotEmpty;
    import org.springframework.format.annotation.DateTimeFormat;
    import org.springframework.format.annotation.NumberFormat;
    
    public class Employee {
    
    	private Integer id;
    	@NotEmpty
    	private String lastName;
    
    	@Email
    	private String email;
    	//1 male, 0 female
    	private Integer gender;
    	
    	private Department department;
    	
    	@Past
    	@DateTimeFormat(pattern="yyyy-MM-dd")
    	private Date birth;
    	
    	@NumberFormat(pattern="#,###,###.#")
    	private Float salary;
    
    	public Integer getId() {
    		return id;
    	}
    
    	public void setId(Integer id) {
    		this.id = id;
    	}
    
    	public String getLastName() {
    		return lastName;
    	}
    
    	public void setLastName(String lastName) {
    		this.lastName = lastName;
    	}
    
    	public String getEmail() {
    		return email;
    	}
    
    	public void setEmail(String email) {
    		this.email = email;
    	}
    
    	public Integer getGender() {
    		return gender;
    	}
    
    	public void setGender(Integer gender) {
    		this.gender = gender;
    	}
    
    	public Department getDepartment() {
    		return department;
    	}
    
    	public void setDepartment(Department department) {
    		this.department = department;
    	}
    
    	public Date getBirth() {
    		return birth;
    	}
    
    	public void setBirth(Date birth) {
    		this.birth = birth;
    	}
    
    	public Float getSalary() {
    		return salary;
    	}
    
    	public void setSalary(Float salary) {
    		this.salary = salary;
    	}
    
    	@Override
    	public String toString() {
    		return "Employee [id=" + id + ", lastName=" + lastName + ", email="
    				+ email + ", gender=" + gender + ", department=" + department
    				+ ", birth=" + birth + ", salary=" + salary + "]";
    	}
    
    	public Employee(Integer id, String lastName, String email, Integer gender,
    			Department department) {
    		super();
    		this.id = id;
    		this.lastName = lastName;
    		this.email = email;
    		this.gender = gender;
    		this.department = department;
    	}
    
    	public Employee() {
    		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    	}
    }
    

      

      Department.java

    package com.jackie.springmvc.crud.entities;
    
    public class Department {
    
    	private Integer id;
    	private String departmentName;
    
    	public Department() {
    		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    	}
    	
    	public Department(int i, String string) {
    		this.id = i;
    		this.departmentName = string;
    	}
    
    	public Integer getId() {
    		return id;
    	}
    
    	public void setId(Integer id) {
    		this.id = id;
    	}
    
    	public String getDepartmentName() {
    		return departmentName;
    	}
    
    	public void setDepartmentName(String departmentName) {
    		this.departmentName = departmentName;
    	}
    
    	@Override
    	public String toString() {
    		return "Department [id=" + id + ", departmentName=" + departmentName
    				+ "]";
    	}
    	
    }
    

      

      dao层:除了entity层,我们还需要有dao层,用于对于entity的增删改查的操作,这里对应的有EmployeeDao和DepartmentDao

      EmployeeDao.java

    package com.jackie.springmvc.crud.dao;
    
    import java.util.Collection;
    import java.util.HashMap;
    import java.util.Map;
    
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
    
    import com.jackie.springmvc.crud.entities.Department;
    import com.jackie.springmvc.crud.entities.Employee;
    
    @Repository
    public class EmployeeDao {
    
    	private static Map<Integer, Employee> employees = null;
    	
    	@Autowired
    	private DepartmentDao departmentDao;
    	
    	static{
    		employees = new HashMap<Integer, Employee>();
    
    		employees.put(1001, new Employee(1001, "E-AA", "aa@163.com", 1, new Department(101, "D-AA")));
    		employees.put(1002, new Employee(1002, "E-BB", "bb@163.com", 1, new Department(102, "D-BB")));
    		employees.put(1003, new Employee(1003, "E-CC", "cc@163.com", 0, new Department(103, "D-CC")));
    		employees.put(1004, new Employee(1004, "E-DD", "dd@163.com", 0, new Department(104, "D-DD")));
    		employees.put(1005, new Employee(1005, "E-EE", "ee@163.com", 1, new Department(105, "D-EE")));
    	}
    	
    	private static Integer initId = 1006;
    	
    	public void save(Employee employee){
    		if(employee.getId() == null){
    			employee.setId(initId++);
    		}
    		
    		employee.setDepartment(departmentDao.getDepartment(employee.getDepartment().getId()));
    		employees.put(employee.getId(), employee);
    	}
    	
    	public Collection<Employee> getAll(){
    		return employees.values();
    	}
    	
    	public Employee get(Integer id){
    		return employees.get(id);
    	}
    	
    	public void delete(Integer id){
    		employees.remove(id);
    	}
    }
    

    该dao提供了:1. 添加保存一个employee——save方法

           2. 获取所有员工信息——getAll方法

           3. 根据指定员工id查找员工——get方法

           4. 根据指定员工id删除员工——delete方法

      DepartmentDao.java

    package com.jackie.springmvc.crud.dao;
    
    import java.util.Collection;
    import java.util.HashMap;
    import java.util.Map;
    
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
    
    import com.jackie.springmvc.crud.entities.Department;
    
    @Repository
    public class DepartmentDao {
    
    	private static Map<Integer, Department> departments = null;
    	
    	static{
    		departments = new HashMap<Integer, Department>();
    		
    		departments.put(101, new Department(101, "D-AA"));
    		departments.put(102, new Department(102, "D-BB"));
    		departments.put(103, new Department(103, "D-CC"));
    		departments.put(104, new Department(104, "D-DD"));
    		departments.put(105, new Department(105, "D-EE"));
    	}
    	
    	public Collection<Department> getDepartments(){
    		return departments.values();
    	}
    	
    	public Department getDepartment(Integer id){
    		return departments.get(id);
    	}
    	
    }
    

      该dao提供了:1. 查找所有部门信息——getDepartments

           2. 根据指定id查找相应的部门信息——getDepartment

      另外这里需要用到的所有jar包都在这里

      http://pan.baidu.com/s/1qXT180c  提取码:z7q2

      用料齐活了, 就开始做菜了,要做的分别是REST清蒸C(添加记录)、REST油炸R(查询记录)、REST红烧U(更新记录)和REST水煮D(删除记录)。

    1. 查询记录

      这个很简单,跟前几篇介绍的套路差不多,新建一个index.jsp,放入一个用于查询的超链接

    <a href="emps">list all employees</a><br/>
    

    相应的在Handler中需要添加映射支持,这里新建一个EmployeeHandler类

    package com.jackie.springmvc.crud.handlers;
    
    import java.util.Map;
    
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
    import com.jackie.springmvc.crud.dao.EmployeeDao;
    
    @Controller
    public class EmployeeHandler {
    	
    	@Autowired
    	private EmployeeDao employeeDao;
    	
    	@RequestMapping("/emps")
    	public String list(Map<String, Object> map){
    		map.put("employees", employeeDao.getAll());
    		return "list";
    	}
    
    }
    

    注意

      这里RequestMapping中没有指明RequestMethod的请求类型,默认是GET方式。

      最终我们需要将查询的数据解析出来放到页面上,这个页面就是list.jsp

    <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
        pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    <%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
    <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
    <html>
    <head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
    <title>Insert title here</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    	<c:if test="${empty requestScope.employees}">
    		没有员工信息
    	</c:if>
    	<c:if test="${!empty requestScope.employees }">
    		<table border="1" cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0">
    			<tr>
    				<th>ID</th>
    				<th>LastName</th>
    				<th>Email</th>
    				<th>Gender</th>
    				<th>Department</th>
    				<th>Edit</th>
    				<th>Delete</th>
    			</tr>
    			
    			<c:forEach items="${requestScope.employees }" var="emp">
    				<tr>
    					<td>${emp.id }</td>
    					<td>${emp.lastName }</td>
    					<td>${emp.email }</td>
    					<td>${emp.gender==0?'Female':'Male' }</td>
    					<td>${emp.department.departmentName }</td>
    					<td><a href="emp/${emp.id}">Edit</a></td>
    					<td><a class="delete" href="emp/${emp.id}">Delete</a></td>
    				</tr>
    			</c:forEach>
    		</table>
    	</c:if>
    	<br><br>
    </body>
    </html>
    

      这里通过表格的方式显示,表格的每一行显示一个员工记录。

      如果Handler层没有传入employee,则显示“没有员工信息”。

      如果从Handler层传入查询到的employee的信息,则通过遍历的方式查询每条记录并显示在对应的表格中。

      结果如下:

      这里查询了所有的员工信息,为简便起见,这里的员工信息并不是从数据库中读取的,而是在EmployeeDao中通过静态模块声明构造的,将每个员工信息放入一个map集合中。

    2. 添加记录

      添加记录即在原有的数据集合基础上,再新建一个员工信息,我们需要为员工的每个属性填充值,所以我们需要一个页面来为这些字段赋值,这个页面就叫input.jsp。

      添加员工信息的入口链接就放在list.jsp中

    <a href = "emp">add new employee</a><br/>
    

      同时在EmployeeHandler中添加映射

    @RequestMapping(value="/emp", method=RequestMethod.GET)
    public String input(Map<String, Object> map){
    	map.put("departments", departmentDao.getDepartments());
    	map.put("employee", new Employee());
    	return "input";
    }
    

      input.jsp

    <%@page import="java.util.HashMap"%>
    <%@page import="java.util.Map"%>
    <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
        pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    <%@ taglib prefix="form" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" %>
    <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
    <html>
    <head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
    <title>Insert title here</title>
    </head>
    <body>
     <form:form action="emp" method="POST" modelAttribute="employee">
     	<!-- path 属性对应html表单标签的name属性 -->
     	LastName: <form:input path="lastName"></form:input><br>
     	Email:<form:input path="email"></form:input><br>
     	<%
     		Map<String, String> genders = new HashMap<String, String>();
     		genders.put("1", "male");
     		genders.put("0", "female");
     		request.setAttribute("genders", genders);
     	%>
     	Gender:<form:radiobuttons path="gender" items="${genders }"/><br>
     	Department:<form:select path="department.id" items="${departments }" itemLabel="departmentName" itemValue="id"></form:select><br>
     	<input type="submit" value="Submit"/>
     </form:form>
    
    </body>
    </html>
    

      先不看代码,至此你就能看到这样的效果:

      到这里还没完,我们还需要写一个保存的handler接口,在EmployeeHandler.java中

    @RequestMapping(value="/emp", method=RequestMethod.POST)
    public String save(Employee employee){
    	employeeDao.save(employee);
    	return "redirect:/emps";
    }
    

    主要实现将新建的员工记录保存到employee集合中。

    这样我们就能够成功的添加一条记录了

    注意

      这里有几个问题需要声明

      (1). 为什么使用form标签:可以更快速开发表单页面,而且可以方便的进行表单值的回显

      (2) 为什么要在EmployeeHandler类中添加map.put("employee", employee),并且在input.jsp页面的form:form标签中添加modelAttribute="employee"

      如果没有这样的声明代码,在运行中会出现报错信息如下:

    HTTP Status 500 - An exception occurred processing JSP page /WEB-INF/views/input.jsp at line 23
    type Exception report
    message An exception occurred processing JSP page /WEB-INF/views/input.jsp at line 23
    description The server encountered an internal error that prevented it from fulfilling this request.
    exception
    org.apache.jasper.JasperException: An exception occurred processing JSP page /WEB-INF/views/input.jsp at line 23
    
    20:  -->
    21:  <form:form action="emp" method="POST">
    22:  	<!-- path 灞炴�у�搴攈tml琛ㄥ崟鏍囩�鐨刵ame灞炴�� -->
    23:  	LastName: <form:input path="lastName"></form:input><br>
    24:  	Email:<form:input path="email"></form:input><br>
    25:  	<%
    26:  		Map<String, String> genders = new HashMap<String, String>();
    
    
    Stacktrace:
    	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.handleJspException(JspServletWrapper.java:574)
    	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.service(JspServletWrapper.java:471)
    	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.serviceJspFile(JspServlet.java:396)
    	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.service(JspServlet.java:340)
    	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:729)
    	org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceView.renderMergedOutputModel(InternalResourceView.java:209)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractView.render(AbstractView.java:267)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.render(DispatcherServlet.java:1221)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.processDispatchResult(DispatcherServlet.java:1005)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:952)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:870)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:961)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:852)
    	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:622)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:837)
    	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:729)
    	org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
    	org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter.doFilterInternal(HiddenHttpMethodFilter.java:77)
    	org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
    root cause
    java.lang.IllegalStateException: Neither BindingResult nor plain target object for bean name 'command' available as request attribute
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.support.BindStatus.<init>(BindStatus.java:144)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.form.AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.getBindStatus(AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.java:168)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.form.AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.getPropertyPath(AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.java:188)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.form.AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.getName(AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.java:154)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.form.AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.autogenerateId(AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.java:141)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.form.AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.resolveId(AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.java:132)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.form.AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.writeDefaultAttributes(AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.java:116)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.form.AbstractHtmlElementTag.writeDefaultAttributes(AbstractHtmlElementTag.java:422)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.form.InputTag.writeTagContent(InputTag.java:142)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.form.AbstractFormTag.doStartTagInternal(AbstractFormTag.java:84)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.RequestContextAwareTag.doStartTag(RequestContextAwareTag.java:80)
    	org.apache.jsp.WEB_002dINF.views.input_jsp._jspx_meth_form_005finput_005f0(input_jsp.java:244)
    	org.apache.jsp.WEB_002dINF.views.input_jsp._jspService(input_jsp.java:168)
    	org.apache.jasper.runtime.HttpJspBase.service(HttpJspBase.java:70)
    	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:729)
    	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.service(JspServletWrapper.java:438)
    	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.serviceJspFile(JspServlet.java:396)
    	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.service(JspServlet.java:340)
    	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:729)
    	org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceView.renderMergedOutputModel(InternalResourceView.java:209)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractView.render(AbstractView.java:267)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.render(DispatcherServlet.java:1221)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.processDispatchResult(DispatcherServlet.java:1005)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:952)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:870)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:961)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:852)
    	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:622)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:837)
    	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:729)
    	org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
    	org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter.doFilterInternal(HiddenHttpMethodFilter.java:77)
    	org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
    note The full stack trace of the root cause is available in the Apache Tomcat/8.0.36 logs.
    

      

      于是在handler中将employee放入map集合中,此时运行,仍然报错

    HTTP Status 500 - java.lang.IllegalStateException: Neither BindingResult nor plain target object for bean name 'command' available as request attribute
    type Exception report
    message java.lang.IllegalStateException: Neither BindingResult nor plain target object for bean name 'command' available as request attribute
    description The server encountered an internal error that prevented it from fulfilling this request.
    exception
    org.apache.jasper.JasperException: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Neither BindingResult nor plain target object for bean name 'command' available as request attribute
    	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.handleJspException(JspServletWrapper.java:555)
    	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.service(JspServletWrapper.java:471)
    	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.serviceJspFile(JspServlet.java:396)
    	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.service(JspServlet.java:340)
    	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:729)
    	org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceView.renderMergedOutputModel(InternalResourceView.java:209)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractView.render(AbstractView.java:267)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.render(DispatcherServlet.java:1221)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.processDispatchResult(DispatcherServlet.java:1005)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:952)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:870)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:961)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:852)
    	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:622)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:837)
    	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:729)
    	org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
    	org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter.doFilterInternal(HiddenHttpMethodFilter.java:77)
    	org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
    root cause
    java.lang.IllegalStateException: Neither BindingResult nor plain target object for bean name 'command' available as request attribute
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.support.BindStatus.<init>(BindStatus.java:144)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.form.AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.getBindStatus(AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.java:168)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.form.AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.getPropertyPath(AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.java:188)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.form.AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.getName(AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.java:154)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.form.AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.autogenerateId(AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.java:141)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.form.AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.resolveId(AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.java:132)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.form.AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.writeDefaultAttributes(AbstractDataBoundFormElementTag.java:116)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.form.AbstractHtmlElementTag.writeDefaultAttributes(AbstractHtmlElementTag.java:422)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.form.InputTag.writeTagContent(InputTag.java:142)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.form.AbstractFormTag.doStartTagInternal(AbstractFormTag.java:84)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.tags.RequestContextAwareTag.doStartTag(RequestContextAwareTag.java:80)
    	org.apache.jsp.WEB_002dINF.views.input_jsp._jspx_meth_form_005finput_005f0(input_jsp.java:244)
    	org.apache.jsp.WEB_002dINF.views.input_jsp._jspService(input_jsp.java:168)
    	org.apache.jasper.runtime.HttpJspBase.service(HttpJspBase.java:70)
    	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:729)
    	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.service(JspServletWrapper.java:438)
    	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.serviceJspFile(JspServlet.java:396)
    	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.service(JspServlet.java:340)
    	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:729)
    	org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceView.renderMergedOutputModel(InternalResourceView.java:209)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractView.render(AbstractView.java:267)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.render(DispatcherServlet.java:1221)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.processDispatchResult(DispatcherServlet.java:1005)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:952)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:870)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:961)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:852)
    	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:622)
    	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:837)
    	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:729)
    	org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
    	org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter.doFilterInternal(HiddenHttpMethodFilter.java:77)
    	org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
    note The full stack trace of the root cause is available in the Apache Tomcat/8.0.36 logs.
    

      这时候在form:form中加入modelAttribute="employee",再次运行,就能够成功添加记录了。

      这是为什么呢,因为表单在显示的时候会做一个检查,如果表单的字段在request的bean中不能一一对应,就会无法显示并报错,说白了就是这里加上了employee这个bean后,这个对象中的各个属性如email、gender和表单上的字段都能够对应起来了,校验通过,就能正常添加保存了。

      注意input.jsp中modelAttribute的值要和handler中放进map集合的key值一致,默认在页面上这个modelAttribute的值为command,所以你会看到报错信息中频繁的出现command。

      (3). <form:radiobuttons>这个标签中有一下属性:

        items:存放具体的数据集合,可以是String、Map或List类型

        itemValue:指定radio的value值,可以使集合中bean的一个属性值

        itemLabel:radio的label值

    3. 删除记录

      其实从前面的list.jsp的表格中已经看出来了,在每条记录后面都有一个DELETE选项,用于删除该项记录,那么具体怎么实现

      这里首先要该Delete项对应的href,在list.jsp中

    <td><a href="emp/${emp.id}">Delete</a></td>
    

      我们将href的值赋值为一个请求路径,显然我们需要在handler中添加映射处理:

    @RequestMapping(value="/emp/{id}", method=RequestMethod.DELETE)
    public String delete(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
    	employeeDao.delete(id);
    	return "redirect:/emps";
    }
    

      删除完记录后重定向到emps即list.jsp页面。

      效果如下

    注意:

      (1). 这里要明白,实际上我们在页面上发送的是一个rest的delete请求,但是通过<a href>的超链接方式我们只能发送get请求,而且前面我们说过,对于form来说只能发get和post请求,如果要发delete和put,则需要伪装成post请求,再在handler处理类中进行解析处理。

      对于这个问题,我们想到了jquery,于是引入jquery库到WebContent/scripts目录下,版本是1.9.1

      首先需要一个form表单,因为无可厚非,只有表单才能提交post请求

    <form action="" method="POST">
    	<input type="hidden" name="_method" value="DELETE"/>
    </form>

      在list.jsp中引入jquery库

    <script type="text/javascript" src="scripts/jquery-1.9.1.min.js"></script>
    

      在delete对应的<a>中加入class=“delete”,方便后面使用jquery进行元素定位

      写入功能实现代码:

    <script type="text/javascript">
    	$(function(){
    		$(".delete").click(function(){
    			var href = $(this).attr("href");
    			$("form").attr("action", href).submit();
    			return false;
    		});
    	})
    </script>
    

     这段代码的意思无非就是:找到delete删除元素,提取器href属性值,并将其赋给新添加的form表单中,当点击超链接后相当于提交form,并移交给定义好的hanlder接口。

      (2). 又要啰嗦下,对于静态资源来说,因为我们在web.xml中声明spring是拦截了所有请求,所以对于静态资源我们也统统招收,拦截不误,但是显然我们没有与这个静态资源对应的映射,也就是说spring拦截下来了,却没有能力处理,这里介绍在springmvc.xml中添加两个标签就能解决问题

    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/> 
    <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
    

      在前面的章节中有介绍过其他的方法,就是在web.xml中声明各种静态资源的支持,比较繁琐傻瓜点^^

      (3). 为什么添加了这个<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>就能解决问题:

      Default-servlet-handler将在SpringMVC上下文中定义一个DefaultServletHttpRequestHandler,它会对进入DispatcherServlet的请求进行筛查,如果发现是没有经过映射的请求,就将该请求交由WEB应用服务器默认的Servlet处理。如果不是静态资源的请求,才由DispatcherServlet继续处理。

      一般WEB应用服务器默认的Servlet的名称都是default,若所使用的WEB服务器的默认Serlvet名称不是default,则需要通过default-servlet-name属性显示指定。

      这里的小问题比较多,不知道你晕了没,但是到目前为止,好像一个简易的框架就有了,有了后台的java,还有模板jsp技术,以及对于dom操作的Jquery,当然我们还少了一个真正的数据库。

    4. 更新记录

      更新操作实际上是分为两步:查找要修改的记录 + 修改记录并保存

      (1). 查找记录

      通过get方式映射到emp/${id}

      与delete选项类似,在list.jsp改为

    <td><a href="emp/${emp.id}">Edit</a></td>
    

      同时在Handler添加相应映射

    @RequestMapping(value="/emp/{id}", method=RequestMethod.GET)
    public String input(@PathVariable("id") Integer id, Map<String, Object> map){
    	map.put("employee", employeeDao.get(id));
    	map.put("departments", departmentDao.getDepartments());
    	return "input";
    }
    

      这样就可以定位到选中的employee对象上,并跳转到input.jsp界面上。

      (2). 修改并保存

      这里要说清楚,进入input.jsp页面会有两种情况,一种是添加一条Employee记录,二是修改一条Employee记录,而且我们从前面的界面可以看出我们并不修改LastName这个字段,那我们如果让input.jsp具有辨识是从添加记录那还是修改记录那跳转过来的呢,于是我们需要在input.jsp中加入判断

     <c:if test="${employee.id == null }">
    		<!-- path 属性对应 html 表单标签的 name 属性值 -->
    			LastName: <form:input path="lastName" />
    			<form:errors path="lastName"></form:errors>
    		</c:if>
    		<c:if test="${employee.id != null }">
    			<form:hidden path="id" />
    			<input type="hidden" name="_method" value="PUT" />
    </c:if>                
    

      如果传过来的employee中id存在,那说明是修改更新,如果为空,说明是新建一条记录。

      同时,老套路,这里还是利用隐藏域hidden来发送一个put请求到handler

      在EmployeeHandler中

    @ModelAttribute
    public void getEmployee(@RequestParam(value="id",required=false) Integer id,
    		Map<String, Object> map){
    		if(id != null){
    			map.put("employee", employeeDao.get(id));
    		}
    }
    	
    @RequestMapping(value="/emp", method=RequestMethod.PUT)
    public String update(Employee employee){
    	employeeDao.save(employee);
    	return "redirect:/emps";
    }

      之所以这里有ModelAttribute前篇已经说过,如果没有话,更新完后这个LastName字段就会为空。

      最终效果如下:

    至此,我们学习了:

      1. 基于REST风格查询记录

      2. 基于REST风格添加记录

      3. 基于REST风格删除记录

      4. 基于REST风格更新记录

      5. 引入JQuery改变请求方式

      6. 明白了Request中bean必须要和请求表单中的属性对应

      如果您觉得阅读本文对您有帮助,请点一下“推荐”按钮,您的“推荐”将是我最大的写作动力!如果您想持续关注我的文章,请扫描二维码,关注JackieZheng的微信公众号,我会将我的文章推送给您,并和您一起分享我日常阅读过的优质文章。

     

  • 相关阅读:
    0923------APUE 学习笔记----------Linux系统的启动流程
    0915-----Linux设备驱动 学习笔记----------一个简单的字符设备驱动程序
    0815------算法笔记----------矩阵连乘问题
    0806------Linux网络编程----------Echo 网络库 学习笔记
    事件学习
    信息系统需求分析阶段的实践经验之二---如何有效地获得用户需求【转】
    信息系统需求分析阶段的实践经验之一---需求分析概述[转]
    Lambda表达式【转】
    C#委托的介绍(delegate、Action、Func、predicate)【转】
    css3选择器——导图篇
  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/bigdataZJ/p/springmvc4.html
Copyright © 2020-2023  润新知