nmap -- write a nmap script

漏洞扫描 --编写Nmap脚本

2006年12月份，Nmap4.21 ALPHA1版增加脚本引擎，并将其作为主线代码的一部分。NSE脚本库现在已经有400多个脚本。覆盖了各种不同的网络机制(从SMB漏洞检測到Stuxnet探測。及中间的一些内容)。NSE的强大。依赖它强大的功能库。这些库能够很easy的与主流的网络服务和协议。进行交互。

挑战

我们常常会扫描网络环境中的主机是否存在某种新漏洞，而扫描器引擎中没有新漏洞的检測方法，这时候我们可能须要自己开发扫描工具。

你可能已经熟悉了某种脚本(比如:Python，Perl，etc.)，并能够高速写出检測漏洞的程序。可是，假设面临很多主机时， 针对两三个主机的检測方法，可能并不奏效。

Nmap 挽救你 !使用内嵌的Lua语言和强大的集合库。你能够结合nmap高效的主机和port扫描引擎。开发出针对多数主机的检測方法。

实现

Nmap 引擎脚本，由Lua编程语言、NmapAPI、系列强大的NSE库实现。为了达到本文的目的，现如果某个应用中存在一个叫ArcticFission漏洞。

与更多的web应用程序类似。能够通过探測特定的文件。如果这个文件就是/arcticfission.html。用正則表達式提取文件内容中的版本。与有漏洞的值进行对照.听起来好像非常easy，让我们開始吧 !

框架代码

基于传统的语言标准。我们写一个脚本，作用:遇到开放的HTTPport。就返回”Hello World”。

-- The Head Section --
-- The Rule Section --
portrule = function(host, port)
    return port.protocol == "tcp" and port.number == 80 and port.state == "open"
end

-- The Action Section --
action = function(host, port)
    return "Hello world !"
end

注意:以--起始的行表示凝视。

NSE脚本主要由三部分组成:

The Head Section

该部分包括一些元数据，主要描写叙述脚本的功能，作者，影响力，类别及其它。

The Rule Section

该部分定义脚本运行的必要条件。至少包括以下列表中的一个函数:
portrule
hostrule
prerule
postrule

此案例中。重点介绍portrule。portrule可以在运行操作前，检查host和port属性。portrule会利用nmap的API检查TCP80端口。

The Action Section

该部分定义脚本逻辑。

此处案例中，检測到开放80port。则打印“HelloWorld”。脚本的输出内容。会在nmap运行期间显示出来。

root@security:/home/offensive/nmap_nse# nmap -sS -p 22,80,443 --script /home/offensive/nmap_nse/http-vuln-check.nse www.exploit-db.com

Starting Nmap 6.47 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2014-09-29 10:39 EDT
Nmap scan report for www.exploit-db.com (192.99.12.218)
Host is up (0.47s latency).
Other addresses for www.exploit-db.com (not scanned): 198.58.102.135
rDNS record for 192.99.12.218: cloudproxy71.sucuri.net
PORT    STATE    SERVICE
22/tcp  filtered ssh
80/tcp  open     http
|_http-vuln-check: Hello world !
443/tcp open     https

调用脚本库

优秀的库集合，促使其变的强大。

比如，可调用现有库中的函数，针对http端口创建portrule。此处用到了shortport.

local shortport = require "shortport"

-- The Rule Section --
portrule = shortport.http

-- The Action Section --
action = function(host, port)
    return "Hello world!"
end

相同的扫描，产生了不同的结果

root@security:/home/offensive/nmap_nse# nmap -sS -p 22,80,443 --script /home/offensive/nmap_nse/http-vuln-check_shortport.nse www.exploit-db.com

Starting Nmap 6.47 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2014-09-29 10:36 EDT
Nmap scan report for www.exploit-db.com (192.99.12.218)
Host is up (0.46s latency).
Other addresses for www.exploit-db.com (not scanned): 198.58.102.135
rDNS record for 192.99.12.218: cloudproxy71.sucuri.net
PORT    STATE    SERVICE
22/tcp  filtered ssh
80/tcp  open     http
|_http-vuln-check_shortport: Hello world!
443/tcp open     https
|_http-vuln-check_shortport: Hello world!

Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 6.32 seconds

该脚本对443运行了类似80端口的操作。主要是由于shortport.http表示类似HTTP的端口(80,443,631,7080,8080,8088,5800,3872,8180,8000)，也就是说，nmap会探測服务http、https、ipp、http-alt、vnc-http、oem-agent、soap、http-proxy非标准端口，假设想要获取很多其它的信息，请查阅shortport的文档.

服务探測

让我们把注意力放到action 部分的逻辑上。上述漏洞的检測，首先须要探測页面”/arcticfission.html”

local shortport = require "shortport"
local http = require "http"

-- The Rule Section --
portrule = shortport.http

-- The Action Section --
action = function(host, port)
    local uri = "/arcticfission.html"
    local response = http.get(host, port, uri)
    return response.status
end

上述代码用到了库http处理web页面。

root@security:/home/offensive/nmap_nse# nmap -sS -p 22,80,443 --script /home/offensive/nmap_nse/http-vuln-check_shortport2.nse www.exploit-db.com

Starting Nmap 6.47 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2014-09-29 11:16 EDT
Nmap scan report for www.exploit-db.com (192.99.12.218)
Host is up (0.48s latency).
Other addresses for www.exploit-db.com (not scanned): 198.58.102.135
rDNS record for 192.99.12.218: cloudproxy71.sucuri.net
PORT    STATE    SERVICE
22/tcp  filtered ssh
80/tcp  open     http
|_http-vuln-check_shortport2: 403
443/tcp open     https
|_http-vuln-check_shortport2: 400

上述输出表明，两个serverport不存在相应页面”arcticfission.html”。注意'http'库会自己主动在http与httpsport切换。因此你不须要考虑去实现TLS/SSL。

假设仅仅想输出存在该页面的web应用，能够例如以下操作:

local shortport = require "shortport"
local http = require "http"
 
-- The Rule Section --
portrule = shortport.http
 
-- The Action Section --
action = function(host, port)
 
    local uri = "/arcticfission.html"
    local response = http.get(host, port, uri)
 
    if (response.status == 200) then
        return response.body
    end
end

上述代码。返回状态码为200的页面内容。

注意:假设没有数据返回或返回数据为空，将导致无输出显示.

漏洞探測

很多时候。能够通过一个简单的服务版本。探測漏洞。这样的情况。假象的server会返回一个包括版本的标识。

local shortport = require "shortport"
local http = require "http"
local string = require "string"
 
-- The Rule Section --
portrule = shortport.http
 
-- The Action Section --
action = function(host, port)
 
    local uri = "/arcticfission.html"
    local response = http.get(host, port, uri)
 
    if ( response.status == 200 ) then
        local title = string.match(response.body, "<[Tt][Ii][Tt][Ll][Ee][^>]*>ArcticFission ([^<]*)</[Tt][Ii][Tt][Ll][Ee]>")
        return title
    end
end

上述代码，用到了string库，以便获取页面头。

offensive@security:~/nmap_nse$ nmap -p 80,443 --script /home/offensive/nmap_nse/http-vuln-check_shortport4.nse 192.168.1.105
 
Starting Nmap 6.47 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2014-09-30 03:49 EDT
Nmap scan report for localhost (192.168.1.105)
Host is up (0.00053s latency).
PORT    STATE  SERVICE
80/tcp  open   http
|_http-vuln-check_shortport4: 1.0
443/tcp closed https
 
Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 0.07 seconds

正如上面描写叙述的那样，如今须要将获取的值与漏洞值比較， 确认是否存在漏洞。

local shortport = require "shortport"
local http = require "http"
local string = require "string"
 
-- The Rule Section --
portrule = shortport.http
 
-- The Action Section --
action = function(host, port)
 
    local uri = "/arcticfission.html"
    local response = http.get(host, port, uri)
 
    if ( response.status == 200 ) then
        local title = string.match(response.body, "<[Tt][Ii][Tt][Ll][Ee][^>]*>ArcticFission ([^<]*)</[Tt][Ii][Tt][Ll][Ee]>")
 
        if ( title == "1.0" ) then
            return "Vnlnerable"
        else
            return "Not Vulnerable"
        end
    end
end

測试结果例如以下:

offensive@security:~/nmap_nse$ nmap -p 80,443 --script /home/offensive/nmap_nse/http-vuln-check_shortport5.nse 192.168.1.105
 
Starting Nmap 6.47 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2014-09-30 04:05 EDT
Nmap scan report for localhost (192.168.1.105)
Host is up (0.00045s latency).
PORT    STATE  SERVICE
80/tcp  open   http
|_http-vuln-check_shortport5: Vnlnerable
443/tcp closed https

版本号检測的还有一种方法，生成Hash与有漏洞的页面对照。为了实现此效果，此处调用了openssl库。

local shortport = require "shortport"
local http = require "http"
local stdnse = require "stdnse"
local openssl = require "openssl"
 
-- The Rule Section --
portrule = shortport.http
 
-- The Action Section --
action = function(host, port)
 
    local uri = "/arcticfission.html"
    local response = http.get(host, port, uri)
 
    if (response.status == 200) then
        local vulnsha1 = "398ffad678f17a4f16ccd00b1914ca986d0b9258"  
        local sha1 = string.lower(stdnse.tohex(openssl.sha1(response.body)))
 
        if ( sha1 == vulnsha1 ) then
            return "Vulnerable"
        else
            return "Not Vulnerable"
        end
    end
end

加入隐藏属性

使用第三方的库时，測试脚本的运行流程非常重要。

offensive@security:~/nmap_nse$ nmap -p 80,443 --script /home/offensive/nmap_nse/http-vuln-check_openssl.nse --script-trace 192.168.1.105
 
Starting Nmap 6.47 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2014-09-30 05:38 EDT
NSOCK INFO [0.0600s] nsi_new2(): nsi_new (IOD #1)
NSOCK INFO [0.0610s] nsock_connect_tcp(): TCP connection requested to 192.168.1.105:80 (IOD #1) EID 8
NSOCK INFO [0.0610s] nsock_trace_handler_callback(): Callback: CONNECT SUCCESS for EID 8 [192.168.1.105:80]
NSE: TCP 192.168.1.106:59791 > 192.168.1.105:80 | CONNECT
NSE: TCP 192.168.1.106:59791 > 192.168.1.105:80 | 00000000: 47 45 54 20 2f 61 72 63 74 69 63 66 69 73 73 69 GET /arcticfissi
00000010: 6f 6e 2e 68 74 6d 6c 20 48 54 54 50 2f 31 2e 31 on.html HTTP/1.1
00000020: 0d 0a 48 6f 73 74 3a 20 6c 6f 63 61 6c 68 6f 73   Host: localhos
00000030: 74 0d 0a 43 6f 6e 6e 65 63 74 69 6f 6e 3a 20 63 t  Connection: c
00000040: 6c 6f 73 65 0d 0a 55 73 65 72 2d 41 67 65 6e 74 lose  User-Agent
00000050: 3a 20 4d 6f 7a 69 6c 6c 61 2f 35 2e 30 20 28 63 : Mozilla/5.0 (c
00000060: 6f 6d 70 61 74 69 62 6c 65 3b 20 4e 6d 61 70 20 ompatible; Nmap  
00000070: 53 63 72 69 70 74 69 6e 67 20 45 6e 67 69 6e 65 Scripting Engine
00000080: 3b 20 68 74 74 70 3a 2f 2f 6e 6d 61 70 2e 6f 72 ; http://nmap.or
00000090: 67 2f 62 6f 6f 6b 2f 6e 73 65 2e 68 74 6d 6c 29 g/book/nse.html)
000000a0: 0d 0a 0d 0a                                          
 
NSOCK INFO [0.0620s] nsock_trace_handler_callback(): Callback: WRITE SUCCESS for EID 19 [192.168.1.105:80]
NSE: TCP 192.168.1.106:59791 > 192.168.1.105:80 | SEND
NSOCK INFO [0.0620s] nsock_read(): Read request from IOD #1 [192.168.1.105:80] (timeout: 8000ms) EID 26
NSOCK INFO [0.0640s] nsock_trace_handler_callback(): Callback: READ SUCCESS for EID 26 [192.168.1.105:80] (392 bytes)
NSE: TCP 192.168.1.106:59791 < 192.168.1.105:80 | 00000000: 48 54 54 50 2f 31 2e 31 20 32 30 30 20 4f 4b 0d HTTP/1.1 200 OK  
00000010: 0a 44 61 74 65 3a 20 54 75 65 2c 20 33 30 20 53  Date: Tue, 30 S
00000020: 65 70 20 32 30 31 34 20 30 39 3a 33 38 3a 34 39 ep 2014 09:38:49
00000030: 20 47 4d 54 0d 0a 53 65 72 76 65 72 3a 20 41 70  GMT  Server: Ap
00000040: 61 63 68 65 2f 32 2e 32 2e 32 32 20 28 44 65 62 ache/2.2.22 (Deb
00000050: 69 61 6e 29 0d 0a 4c 61 73 74 2d 4d 6f 64 69 66 ian)  Last-Modif
00000060: 69 65 64 3a 20 54 75 65 2c 20 33 30 20 53 65 70 ied: Tue, 30 Sep
00000070: 20 32 30 31 34 20 30 37 3a 33 30 3a 33 33 20 47  2014 07:30:33 G
00000080: 4d 54 0d 0a 45 54 61 67 3a 20 22 65 31 31 38 31 MT  ETag: "e1181
00000090: 2d 37 34 2d 35 30 34 34 33 35 62 64 38 36 62 30 -74-504435bd86b0
000000a0: 32 22 0d 0a 41 63 63 65 70 74 2d 52 61 6e 67 65 2"  Accept-Range
000000b0: 73 3a 20 62 79 74 65 73 0d 0a 43 6f 6e 74 65 6e s: bytes  Conten
000000c0: 74 2d 4c 65 6e 67 74 68 3a 20 31 31 36 0d 0a 56 t-Length: 116  V
000000d0: 61 72 79 3a 20 41 63 63 65 70 74 2d 45 6e 63 6f ary: Accept-Enco
000000e0: 64 69 6e 67 0d 0a 43 6f 6e 6e 65 63 74 69 6f 6e ding  Connection
000000f0: 3a 20 63 6c 6f 73 65 0d 0a 43 6f 6e 74 65 6e 74 : close  Content
00000100: 2d 54 79 70 65 3a 20 74 65 78 74 2f 68 74 6d 6c -Type: text/html
00000110: 0d 0a 0d 0a 3c 68 74 6d 6c 3e 0a 3c 68 65 61 64     <html> <head
00000120: 3e 0a 3c 74 69 74 6c 65 3e 41 72 63 74 69 63 46 > <title>ArcticF
00000130: 69 73 73 69 6f 6e 20 31 2e 30 3c 2f 74 69 74 6c ission 1.0</titl
00000140: 65 3e 0a 3c 2f 68 65 61 64 3e 0a 3c 62 6f 64 79 e> </head> <body
00000150: 3e 0a 3c 68 31 3e 57 65 6c 63 6f 6d 65 20 74 6f > <h1>Welcome to
00000160: 20 41 72 63 74 69 63 46 69 73 73 69 6f 6e 20 31  ArcticFission 1
00000170: 2e 30 3c 2f 68 31 3e 0a 3c 2f 62 6f 64 79 3e 0a .0</h1> </body>  
00000180: 3c 2f 68 74 6d 6c 3e 0a                         </html>  
 
NSE: TCP 192.168.1.106:59791 > 192.168.1.105:80 | CLOSE
NSOCK INFO [0.0640s] nsi_delete(): nsi_delete (IOD #1)
Nmap scan report for localhost (192.168.1.105)
Host is up (0.00064s latency).
PORT    STATE  SERVICE
80/tcp  open   http
|_http-vuln-check_openssl: Vulnerable
443/tcp closed https
 
Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 0.07 seconds

从上面的跟踪看，NSE的'http'库使用的默认User-Agent是“Mozilla/5.0(compatible; Nmap Scripting Engine;http://nmap.org/book/nse.html)”. 可能因为某些安全原因，你须要更改user-agent。可使用以下方法.

offensive@security:~/nmap_nse$ nmap -p 80,443 --script /home/offensive/nmap_nse/http-vuln-check_openssl.nse --script-args="http.useragent='Mozilla/5.0 (compatible [offensive@security])'" --script-trace 192.168.1.105
 
Starting Nmap 6.47 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2014-09-30 06:08 EDT
NSOCK INFO [0.2590s] nsi_new2(): nsi_new (IOD #1)
NSOCK INFO [0.2600s] nsock_connect_tcp(): TCP connection requested to 192.168.1.105:80 (IOD #1) EID 8
NSOCK INFO [0.2610s] nsock_trace_handler_callback(): Callback: CONNECT SUCCESS for EID 8 [192.168.1.105:80]
NSE: TCP 192.168.1.106:59923 > 192.168.1.105:80 | CONNECT
NSE: TCP 192.168.1.106:59923 > 192.168.1.105:80 | 00000000: 47 45 54 20 2f 61 72 63 74 69 63 66 69 73 73 69 GET /arcticfissi
00000010: 6f 6e 2e 68 74 6d 6c 20 48 54 54 50 2f 31 2e 31 on.html HTTP/1.1
00000020: 0d 0a 48 6f 73 74 3a 20 31 39 32 2e 31 36 38 2e   Host: 192.168.
00000030: 31 2e 31 30 35 0d 0a 55 73 65 72 2d 41 67 65 6e 1.105  User-Agen
00000040: 74 3a 20 4d 6f 7a 69 6c 6c 61 2f 35 2e 30 20 28 t: Mozilla/5.0 (
00000050: 63 6f 6d 70 61 74 69 62 6c 65 20 5b 6f 66 66 65 compatible [offe
00000060: 6e 73 69 76 65 40 73 65 63 75 72 69 74 79 5d 29 nsive@security])
00000070: 0d 0a 43 6f 6e 6e 65 63 74 69 6f 6e 3a 20 63 6c   Connection: cl
00000080: 6f 73 65 0d 0a 0d 0a                            ose     
 
NSOCK INFO [0.2610s] nsock_trace_handler_callback(): Callback: WRITE SUCCESS for EID 19 [192.168.1.105:80]
NSE: TCP 192.168.1.106:59923 > 192.168.1.105:80 | SEND
NSOCK INFO [0.2610s] nsock_read(): Read request from IOD #1 [192.168.1.105:80] (timeout: 8000ms) EID 26
NSOCK INFO [0.2640s] nsock_trace_handler_callback(): Callback: READ SUCCESS for EID 26 [192.168.1.105:80] (392 bytes)
NSE: TCP 192.168.1.106:59923 < 192.168.1.105:80 | 00000000: 48 54 54 50 2f 31 2e 31 20 32 30 30 20 4f 4b 0d HTTP/1.1 200 OK  
00000010: 0a 44 61 74 65 3a 20 54 75 65 2c 20 33 30 20 53  Date: Tue, 30 S
00000020: 65 70 20 32 30 31 34 20 31 30 3a 30 38 3a 32 34 ep 2014 10:08:24
00000030: 20 47 4d 54 0d 0a 53 65 72 76 65 72 3a 20 41 70  GMT  Server: Ap
00000040: 61 63 68 65 2f 32 2e 32 2e 32 32 20 28 44 65 62 ache/2.2.22 (Deb
00000050: 69 61 6e 29 0d 0a 4c 61 73 74 2d 4d 6f 64 69 66 ian)  Last-Modif
00000060: 69 65 64 3a 20 54 75 65 2c 20 33 30 20 53 65 70 ied: Tue, 30 Sep
00000070: 20 32 30 31 34 20 30 37 3a 33 30 3a 33 33 20 47  2014 07:30:33 G
00000080: 4d 54 0d 0a 45 54 61 67 3a 20 22 65 31 31 38 31 MT  ETag: "e1181
00000090: 2d 37 34 2d 35 30 34 34 33 35 62 64 38 36 62 30 -74-504435bd86b0
000000a0: 32 22 0d 0a 41 63 63 65 70 74 2d 52 61 6e 67 65 2"  Accept-Range
000000b0: 73 3a 20 62 79 74 65 73 0d 0a 43 6f 6e 74 65 6e s: bytes  Conten
000000c0: 74 2d 4c 65 6e 67 74 68 3a 20 31 31 36 0d 0a 56 t-Length: 116  V
000000d0: 61 72 79 3a 20 41 63 63 65 70 74 2d 45 6e 63 6f ary: Accept-Enco
000000e0: 64 69 6e 67 0d 0a 43 6f 6e 6e 65 63 74 69 6f 6e ding  Connection
000000f0: 3a 20 63 6c 6f 73 65 0d 0a 43 6f 6e 74 65 6e 74 : close  Content
00000100: 2d 54 79 70 65 3a 20 74 65 78 74 2f 68 74 6d 6c -Type: text/html
00000110: 0d 0a 0d 0a 3c 68 74 6d 6c 3e 0a 3c 68 65 61 64     <html> <head
00000120: 3e 0a 3c 74 69 74 6c 65 3e 41 72 63 74 69 63 46 > <title>ArcticF
00000130: 69 73 73 69 6f 6e 20 31 2e 30 3c 2f 74 69 74 6c ission 1.0</titl
00000140: 65 3e 0a 3c 2f 68 65 61 64 3e 0a 3c 62 6f 64 79 e> </head> <body
00000150: 3e 0a 3c 68 31 3e 57 65 6c 63 6f 6d 65 20 74 6f > <h1>Welcome to
00000160: 20 41 72 63 74 69 63 46 69 73 73 69 6f 6e 20 31  ArcticFission 1
00000170: 2e 30 3c 2f 68 31 3e 0a 3c 2f 62 6f 64 79 3e 0a .0</h1> </body>  
00000180: 3c 2f 68 74 6d 6c 3e 0a                         </html>  
 
NSE: TCP 192.168.1.106:59923 > 192.168.1.105:80 | CLOSE
NSOCK INFO [0.2660s] nsi_delete(): nsi_delete (IOD #1)
Nmap scan report for 192.168.1.105
Host is up (0.00053s latency).
PORT    STATE  SERVICE
80/tcp  open   http
|_http-vuln-check_openssl: Vulnerable
443/tcp closed https
 
Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 0.27 seconds

local shortport = require "shortport"
local http = require "http"
local stdnse = require "stdnse"
local string = require "string"
 
-- The Rule Section --
portrule = shortport.http
 
-- The Action Section --
action = function(host, port)
     
    local uri = "/arcticfission.html"
     
    local options = {headers={}}
    options['headers']['User-Agent'] = "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; ArcticFission)"
     
    local response = http.get(host, port, uri, options)
 
    if ( response.status == 200 ) then
        local title = string.match(response.body, "<[Tt][Ii][Tt][Ll][Ee][^>]*>ArcticFission ([^<]*)</[Tt][Ii][Tt][Ll][Ee]>")
 
        if ( title == "1.0" ) then
            return "Vulnerable"
        else
            return "Not Vulnerable"
        end
    end    
end

包装脚本

假设你想要公布脚本。有些重要的元数据须要提供，比如：描写叙述、作者信息、证书。以便理解脚本的功能与影响力.

-- The Head Section --
description = [[Sample script to detect a fictional vulnerability in a fictional ArcticFission 1.0 web server]]
author = "iphelix"
license = "Same as Nmap -- See http://nmap.org/book/man-legal.html"
categories = {"default", "safe"}
 
local shortport = require "shortport"
local http = require "http"
local stdnse = require "stdnse"
local string = require "string"
 
-- The Rule Section --
portrule = shortport.http
 
-- The Action Section --
action = function(host, port)
    local uri = "/arcticfission.html"
    local options = {header={}}
    options['header']['User-Agent'] = "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; ArcticFission)"
 
    local response = http.get(host, port, uri, options)
 
    if ( response.status == 200) then
        local title = string.match(response.body, "<[Tt][Ii][Tt][Ll][Ee]>ArcticFission ([^<]*)</[Tt][Ii][Tt][Ll][Ee]>")
 
        if ( title == "1.0" ) then
            return "Vulnerable"
        else
            return "Not Vulnerable"
        end
    end
end

你如今可能想写入一些NSE文档格式的说明。

脚本文档可能包括一些可能会被文档系统处理的特殊标识。(比如@output表示脚本输出，@args表示脚本參数，@usage表示简单的命令行參数，等)

-- The Head Section --
description = [[Sample script to detect a fictional vulnerability in a fictional ArcticFission 1.0 web server]]
 
---
-- @usage
-- nmap --script http-vuln-check <target>
-- @output
-- PORT    STATE  SERVICE
-- 80/tcp  open   http
-- |_http-vuln-check_packaging: Vulnerable
 
 
author = "iphelix"
license = "Same as Nmap -- See http://nmap.org/book/man-legal.html"
categories = {"default", "safe"}
 
local shortport = require "shortport"
local http = require "http"
local stdnse = require "stdnse"
local string = require "string"
 
-- The Rule Section --
portrule = shortport.http
 
-- The Action Section --
action = function(host, port)
    local uri = "/arcticfission.html"
    local options = {header={}}
    options['header']['User-Agent'] = "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; ArcticFission)"
 
    local response = http.get(host, port, uri, options)
 
    if ( response.status == 200) then
        local title = string.match(response.body, "<[Tt][Ii][Tt][Ll][Ee]>ArcticFission ([^<]*)</[Tt][Ii][Tt][Ll][Ee]>")
 
        if ( title == "1.0" ) then
            return "Vulnerable"
        else
            return "Not Vulnerable"
        end
    end
end

解析输出

使用自己定义的脚本检測完毕后，我们还须要解析产生的结果，以易理解的方式输出报告。

不幸的是。'gnamp'输出格式不支持脚本输出，所以我们选择解析'xml'格式的输出。

#!/usr/bin/env python
# nmap-xml-parse by iphelix
 
import sys
from xml.dom.minidom import parse
 
 
def main():
    if len(sys.argv) != 2:
        print "Usage: %s nmap_output.xml" % sys.argv[0]
        sys.exit(1)
 
    nmap = parse(sys.argv[1])
 
    for host in nmap.getElementsByTagName("host"):
        addresses = [addr.getAttribute("addr")
                     for addr in host.getElementsByTagName("address")]
 
        for port in host.getElementsByTagName("port"):
            portid = port.getAttribute("portid")
 
            for script in port.getElementsByTagName("script"):
                if script.getAttribute("id") == "http-vuln-check_packaging":
                    output = script.getAttribute("output")
 
                    for address in addresses:
                        print "%s,%s,%s" % (address, portid, output)
 
if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

漏洞管理

上述漏洞发现脚本有些问题。首先，它没有漏洞相关的描写叙述信息。其次，完毕扫描后，你须要编写脚本解析整个扫描结果。上面的这些。能够用Nmap的库'vulns'进行处理。

NSE漏洞库

NSE漏洞库由DjalalHarouni和HenriDoreau开发，目的是标准化呈现与管理漏洞。

-- The Head Section --
description = [[Sample script to detect a fictional vulnerability in a fictional ArcticFission 1.0 web server]]
 
---
-- @usage
-- nmap --script http-vuln-check <target>
-- @output
-- PORT    STATE  SERVICE
-- 80/tcp  open   http
-- |_http-vuln-check_packaging: Vulnerable
-- |   VULNERABLE
-- |   ArcticFission 1.0 Vulnerability
-- |     State: VULNERABLE
-- |     IDs: CVE:CVE-XXXX-XX
-- |     References:
-- |_      http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-XXXX-XX
 
 
 
author = "iphelix"
license = "Same as Nmap -- See http://nmap.org/book/man-legal.html"
categories = {"default", "safe"}
 
local shortport = require "shortport"
local http = require "http"
local stdnse = require "stdnse"
local string = require "string"
local vulns = require "vulns"
 
 
-- The Rule Section --
portrule = shortport.http 
-- The Action Section --
action = function(host, port)
 
    -- The Vuln Definition Section --
    local vuln = {
        title = "ArcticFission 1.0 Vulnerability",
        state = vulns.STATE.NOT_VULN,
        IDS = { CVE = 'CVE-XXXX-XXX' }
    }
    local report = vulns.Report:new(SCRIPT_NAME, host, port)
 
    local uri = "/arcticfission.html"
    local options = {header={}}
    options['header']['User-Agent'] = "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; ArcticFission)"
 
    local response = http.get(host, port, uri, options)
 
    if ( response.status == 200) then
        local title = string.match(response.body, "<[Tt][Ii][Tt][Ll][Ee]>ArcticFission ([^<]*)</[Tt][Ii][Tt][Ll][Ee]>")
 
        if ( title == "1.0" ) then
            vuln.state = vulns.STATE.VULN
        else
            vuln.state = vulns.STATE.NOT_VULN
        end
    end
 
    return report:make_output(vuln)
end

扫描结果例如以下:

offensive@security:~/nmap_nse$ nmap -p 80,443 --script /home/offensive/nmap_nse/http-vuln-check_packaging.nse  192.168.1.105
 
Starting Nmap 6.47 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2014-09-30 10:22 EDT
Nmap scan report for localhost (192.168.1.105)
Host is up (0.00053s latency).
PORT    STATE  SERVICE
80/tcp  open   http
| http-vuln-check_packaging:  
|   VULNERABLE:
|   ArcticFission 1.0 Vulnerability
|     State: VULNERABLE
|     IDs:  CVE:CVE-XXXX-XXX
|     References:
|_      http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-XXXX-XXX
443/tcp closed https
 
Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 0.07 seconds

从这里获取了什么

我希望你可以对上面我提到的Nmap脚本感到兴奋。

最好的办法就是学习库相关的文档，并编写一些复杂的脚本。不局限于http。Nmap是一款强大的工具，强大的脚本库及开源的社区支持。会促使其变成一款强大的漏洞扫描器。感谢，Fyodor和全部的Nmap开发人员。

參考链接

NmapNetwork Scanning

Lua

NmapAPI

NSELibraries

pwnmaps

NSEVulnerability Library

ListTCP and UDP port

[原始链接]writingnse scripts for vulnerability scanning