1. LiteOS MQTT组件
概述
MQTT AL用来解耦基于MQTT的业务和MQTT的具体实现,具体来说以后的MQTT业务层应该有且只能使用MQTT AL提供的相关功能(API 数据结构 流程等)。MQTT AL定义MQTT的标准,用来屏蔽各个MQTT协议实现的差异(如软件库 或者硬件),让上层业务无需关心MQTT的实现部分。
MQTT AL的api接口声明在<mqtt_al.h>中,使用相关的接口需要包含该头文件,关于函数的详细参数请参考该头文件的声明。
配置并连接
对接服务器的所有信息保存在结构体mqtt_al_conpara_t
中,其定义在mqtt_al.h
中,如下:
/** @brief defines the paramter for the mqtt connect */
typedef struct
{
mqtt_al_string_t serveraddr; ///< mqtt server:support domain name and dot format
int serverport; ///< mqtt server port
mqtt_al_security_para_t *security; ///< if NULL,will use en_mqtt_security_none
en_mqtt_al_verison version; ///< mqtt version will be used
mqtt_al_string_t clientid; ///< mqtt connect client identifier
mqtt_al_string_t user; ///< mqtt connect user
mqtt_al_string_t passwd; ///< mqtt connect passwd
int cleansession; ///< 1 clean the session while 0 not
mqtt_al_willmsg_t *willmsg; ///< mqtt connect will message
unsigned short keepalivetime;///< keep alive time
char conret; ///< mqtt connect code, return by server
int timeout; ///< how much time will be blocked
}mqtt_al_conpara_t;
其中的一些参数值已经使用枚举给出:
- security:安全连接参数(使用此需要确保mbedtls组件开启)
枚举值如下:
/** @brief this enum all the transport encode we support now*/
typedef enum
{
en_mqtt_al_security_none = 0, ///< no encode
en_mqtt_al_security_psk, ///< use the psk mode in transport layer
en_mqtt_al_security_cas, ///< use the ca mode in transport layer,only check the server
en_mqtt_al_security_cacs, ///< use the ca mode in transport layer,both check the server and client
en_mqtt_al_security_end, ///< the end for the mqtt
}en_mqtt_al_security_t;
- version:使用的MQTT协议版本
枚举值如下:
/** @brief enum the mqtt version*/
typedef enum
{
en_mqtt_al_version_3_1_0 = 0,
en_mqtt_al_version_3_1_1,
}en_mqtt_al_verison;
另外,在复制的时候还需要注意,很多字符串参数都是使用mqtt_al_string_t类型,其定义如下:
/** brief defines for all the ascii or data used in the mqtt engine */
typedef struct
{
char *data; ///< buffer to storage the data
int len; ///< buffer data length
}mqtt_al_string_t; //used to represent any type string (maybe not ascii)
在配置结构体完成之后,调用配置函数进行配置并连接,API如下:
/**
*@brief: you could use this function to connect to the mqtt server
*
*@param[in] conparam the parameter we will use in connect, refer to the data mqtt_al_conpara_t
*@
*@return: first you should check the return value then the return code in conparam
*
*@retval NULL which means you could not get the connect to the server,maybe network reason
*@retval handle, which means you get the context, please check the conparam for more
*/
void * mqtt_al_connect( mqtt_al_conpara_t *conparam);
连接之后,首先应该检查返回的handle指针是否为空,其次应该检查mqtt_al_conpara_t结构体中conret的值,有以下枚举值:
/** @brief defines for the mqtt connect code returned by the server */
#define cn_mqtt_al_con_code_ok 0 ///< has been accepted by the server
#define cn_mqtt_al_con_code_err_version 1 ///< server not support the version
#define cn_mqtt_al_con_code_err_clientID 2 ///< client identifier is error
#define cn_mqtt_al_con_code_err_netrefuse 3 ///< server service not ready yet
#define cn_mqtt_al_con_code_err_u_p 4 ///< bad user name or password
#define cn_mqtt_al_con_code_err_auth 5 ///< the client is not authorized
#define cn_mqtt_al_con_code_err_unkown -1 ///< unknown reason
#define cn_mqtt_al_con_code_err_network 0x80 ///< network reason,you could try once more
订阅消息
EMQ-X服务器有心跳机制,实际应用中订阅之前应该先检查连接状态,本实验中暂不检查。
连接成功后,首先订阅消息,设置回调函数,方便接收下发的命令。
订阅消息的API如下:
/**
* @brief you could use this function subscribe a topic from the server
*
* @param[in] handle the handle we get from mqtt_al_connect
*
* @param[in] subpara refer to the data mqtt_al_subpara_t
*
* @return 0 success -1 failed
*
*/
int mqtt_al_subscribe(void *handle, mqtt_al_subpara_t *subpara);
两个参数中,handle参数是之前使用mqtt_al_connect时返回的指针,直接传入即可,subpara参数需要重点讲述。
mqtt_al_subpara_t的定义如下:
/** @brief defines the mqtt subscribe parameter*/
typedef struct
{
mqtt_al_string_t topic; ///< topic will be subscribe
en_mqtt_al_qos_t qos; ///< qos requested
fn_mqtt_al_msg_dealer dealer; ///< message dealer:used to deal the received message
void *arg; ///< used for the message dealer
char subret; ///< subscribe result code
int timeout; ///< how much time will be blocked
}mqtt_al_subpara_t;
其中订阅消息质量qos的枚举值如下:
/** @brief enum all the qos supported for the application */
typedef enum
{
en_mqtt_al_qos_0 = 0, ///< mqtt QOS 0
en_mqtt_al_qos_1, ///< mqtt QOS 1
en_mqtt_al_qos_2, ///< mqtt QOS 2
en_mqtt_al_qos_err
}en_mqtt_al_qos_t;
dealer是一个函数指针,接收到下发命令之后会被回调,arg是回调函数参数,其定义如下:
/** @brief defines the mqtt received message dealer, called by mqtt engine*/
typedef void (*fn_mqtt_al_msg_dealer)(void *arg,mqtt_al_msgrcv_t *msg);
订阅之后,可以通过mqtt_al_subpara_t结构体中的subret值查看是否订阅成功。
发布消息
发布消息的API如下:
/**
* @brief you could use this function to publish a message to the server
*
* @param[in] handle the handle we get from mqtt_al_connect
*
* @param[in] msg the message we will publish, see the data mqtt_al_pubpara_t
*
* @return 0 success -1 failed
*
*/
int mqtt_al_publish(void *handle, mqtt_al_pubpara_t *pubpara);
两个参数中,handle参数是之前使用mqtt_al_connect时返回的指针,直接传入即可,pubpara参数需要重点讲述。
mqtt_al_pubpara_t的定义如下:
/** @brief defines for the mqtt publish */
typedef struct
{
mqtt_al_string_t topic; ///< selected publish topic
mqtt_al_string_t msg; ///< message to be published
en_mqtt_al_qos_t qos; ///< message qos
int retain; ///< message retain :1 retain while 0 not
int timeout; ///< how much time will blocked
}mqtt_al_pubpara_t;
MQTT组件自动初始化
MQTT在配置之后,会自动初始化。
在SDK目录中的IoT_LINK_1.0.0iot_linklink_main.c
文件中可以看到:
2. 配置准备
Makefile配置
因为本次实验用到的组件较多:
- AT框架
- ESP8266设备驱动
- 串口驱动框架
- cJSON组件
- SAL组件
- MQTT组件
这些实验代码全部编译下来,有350KB,而小熊派开发板所使用的主控芯片STM32L431RCT6的 Flash 仅有256KB,会导致编译器无法链接出可执行文件,所以要在makefile中修改优化选项,修改为-Os
参数,即最大限度的优化代码尺寸,并去掉-g
参数,即代码只能下载运行,无法调试,如图:
ESP8266设备配置
在工程目录中的OS_CONFIG/iot_link_config.h
文件中,配置ESP8266设备的波特率和设备名称:
WIFI对接信息配置
SDK:
C:UsersAdministrator.icodesdkIoT_LINK_1.0.0
(其中Administrator是实验电脑的用户名)。
在SDK目录中的iot_link
etwork cpipesp8266_socketesp8266_socket_imp.c
文件中,配置连接信息:
之后修改同路径下的esp8266_socket_imp.mk
文件,如图,将 TOP_DIR 改为 SDK_DIR :
修改paho_mqtt文件路径
在SDK目录中的iot_link
etworkmqttpaho_mqttpaho_mqtt.mk
文件中,如图,将 TOP_DIR 改为 SDK_DIR :
3. 使用mqtt.fx对接EMQ-X
配置
对接信息配置如下:
其中ClientID随机生成一个即可。
订阅主题
使用mqtt.fx连接客户端,订阅本次实验中的两个主题:
- 主题
led_cmd
:用于发布控制命令 - 主题
lightness
:用于上报亮度
4. 上云实验
编写实验文件
在 Demo 文件夹下创建cloud_test_demo
文件夹,在其中创建emqx_mqtt_demo.c
文件。
编写代码:
#include <osal.h>
#include <mqtt_al.h>
#include <string.h>
#define DEFAULT_LIFETIME 60
#define DEFAULT_SERVER_IPV4 "122.51.89.94"
#define DEFAULT_SERVER_PORT 1883
#define CN_MQTT_EP_CLIENTID "emqx-test-001"
#define CN_MQTT_EP_USERNAME "mculover666"
#define CN_MQTT_EP_PASSWD "123456789"
#define CN_MQTT_EP_SUB_TOPIC1 "led_cmd"
#define CN_MQTT_EP_PUB_TOPIC1 "lightness"
#define recv_buf_len 100
static char recv_buffer[recv_buf_len]; //下发数据接收缓冲区
static int recv_datalen; //表示接收数据长度
osal_semp_t recv_sync; //命令接收回调函数和处理函数之间的信号量
char lightness_buf[10];
static void mqtt_al_msg_dealer(void *arg,mqtt_al_msgrcv_t *msg)
{
if((msg->msg.len) < recv_buf_len)
{
//保存数据
memcpy(recv_buffer,msg->msg.data,msg->msg.len );
recv_buffer[msg->msg.len] = ' ';
recv_datalen = msg->msg.len;
printf("recv buf: %s.
", recv_buffer);
//释放信号量,交由数据处理线程进行处理
osal_semp_post(recv_sync);
}
else
{
printf("recv buf is too small, len = %d.
", msg->msg.len);
}
}
static int task_recv_cmd_entry(void *args)
{
while(1)
{
/* 阻塞等待信号量 */
osal_semp_pend(recv_sync,cn_osal_timeout_forever);
if(strstr(recv_buffer, "on"))
{
printf("-----------------LED ON !!! --------------------
");
}
else if(strstr(recv_buffer, "off"))
{
printf("-----------------LED OFF !!! --------------------
");
}
}
return 0;
}
static int task_report_msg_entry(void *args)
{
int ret = -1;
void *handle = NULL;
mqtt_al_conpara_t config;
mqtt_al_string_t str_temp;
mqtt_al_subpara_t subpara_led_cmd;
mqtt_al_pubpara_t pubpara_lightness;
int lightness_value = 0;
/* 配置结构体 */
str_temp.data = DEFAULT_SERVER_IPV4;
str_temp.len = sizeof(DEFAULT_SERVER_IPV4);
config.serveraddr = str_temp;
config.serverport = DEFAULT_SERVER_PORT;
config.security = en_mqtt_al_security_none;
config.version = en_mqtt_al_version_3_1_0;
str_temp.data = CN_MQTT_EP_CLIENTID;
str_temp.len = sizeof(CN_MQTT_EP_CLIENTID);
config.clientid = str_temp;
str_temp.data = CN_MQTT_EP_USERNAME;
str_temp.len = sizeof(CN_MQTT_EP_USERNAME);
config.user = str_temp;
str_temp.data = CN_MQTT_EP_PASSWD;
str_temp.len = sizeof(CN_MQTT_EP_PASSWD);
config.passwd = str_temp;
config.cleansession = 1;
config.willmsg = NULL;
config.keepalivetime = DEFAULT_LIFETIME;
config.timeout = 30;
/* 配置并连接服务器 */
handle = mqtt_al_connect(&config);
if(handle == NULL)
{
/* 连接出错 */
printf("config error.
");
return -1;
}
else
{
/* 进一步检查服务器返回值 */
if(config.conret != cn_mqtt_al_con_code_ok)
{
/* 服务器返回值出错 */
printf("server return error, conret = %d.
", config.conret);
return -1;
}
else
{
printf("connect to server success.
");
}
}
/* 连接成功后,订阅led_cmd主题消息 */
str_temp.data = CN_MQTT_EP_SUB_TOPIC1;
str_temp.len = sizeof(CN_MQTT_EP_SUB_TOPIC1);
subpara_led_cmd.topic = str_temp;
subpara_led_cmd.qos = en_mqtt_al_qos_0;
subpara_led_cmd.dealer = mqtt_al_msg_dealer;
subpara_led_cmd.arg = NULL;
subpara_led_cmd.timeout = 60;
ret = mqtt_al_subscribe(handle, &subpara_led_cmd);
if(ret < 0)
{
printf("sub topic %s fail.
", subpara_led_cmd.topic.data);
return -1;
}
else
{
/* 进一步判断是否订阅成功 */
if(cn_mqtt_al_con_code_ok != subpara_led_cmd.subret)
{
printf("sub topic %s fail, subret = %d.
", subpara_led_cmd.topic.data, subpara_led_cmd.subret);
return -1;
}
else
{
printf("sub topic %s success.
", subpara_led_cmd.topic.data);
}
}
/* 每隔10s上报一次数据 */
str_temp.data = CN_MQTT_EP_PUB_TOPIC1;
str_temp.len = sizeof(CN_MQTT_EP_PUB_TOPIC1);
pubpara_lightness.topic = str_temp;
pubpara_lightness.qos = en_mqtt_al_qos_0;
pubpara_lightness.retain = 0;
pubpara_lightness.timeout = 30;
while(1)
{
sprintf(lightness_buf, "%d", lightness_value);
str_temp.data = lightness_buf;
str_temp.len = strlen(lightness_buf);
pubpara_lightness.msg = str_temp;
ret = mqtt_al_publish(handle, &pubpara_lightness);
if(ret < 0)
{
printf("publish topic %s fail.
", pubpara_lightness.topic.data);
return -1;
}
else
{
printf("publish topic %s success. payload = %s, lightness = %d.
", pubpara_lightness.topic.data, pubpara_lightness.msg.data, lightness_value);
}
lightness_value++;
osal_task_sleep(10*1000);
}
}
int standard_app_demo_main()
{
/* 创建信号量 */
osal_semp_create(&recv_sync,1,0);
/* 创建任务 */
osal_task_create("task_reportmsg",task_report_msg_entry,NULL,0x800,NULL,8);
osal_task_create("task_recv_cmd",task_recv_cmd_entry,NULL,0x400,NULL,8);
return 0;
}
添加路径
在user_demo.mk中添加如下:
#example for emqx_mqtt_demo
ifeq ($(CONFIG_USER_DEMO), "emqx_mqtt_demo")
user_demo_src = ${wildcard $(TOP_DIR)/targets/STM32L431_BearPi/Demos/cloud_test_demo/emqx_mqtt_demo.c}
endif
添加位置如下:
配置.sdkconfig
特别说明:实验时需要关闭shell组件,否则会因动态内存分配失败而无法连接。
数据上报实验结果
编译下载之后,可以在串口助手中看到输出信息:
在订阅了该主题的客户端也可以看到上报数据:
命令下发实验结果
在mqtt.fx中下发一条开启命令:
可以看到设备后作出回应:
再下发一条关闭命令:
可以看到设备后作出回应: