动画浅析-CAAnimation和CATransition

 

出处: http://blog.csdn.net/mad2man/article/details/17260887

 

//动画播放完之后不恢复初始状态

        

baseAnimation.removedOnCompletion = NO;

       baseAnimation.fillMode = kCAFillModeForwards;

 

现在明白了，要做动画。需要用到CATransition类！

那就学习一下吧！

 

CATransition 动画主要作用在一个视图上

[aView.layer addAnimation:myCAAnimation];

那么说明, 他是作用在aView上

 

先贴一个入门代码！

[_imgPic setImage:image];// 设置新的图片

            

           

            CATransition *animation = [CATransition animation];

            [animation setDuration:1.0];

            [animation setFillMode:kCAFillModeForwards];

            [animation setTimingFunction:[CAMediaTimingFunctionfunctionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseOut]];

            [animation setType:@"rippleEffect"];// rippleEffect

            [animation setSubtype:kCATransitionFromTop];

            [_imgPic.layer addAnimation:animation forKey:nil];

 

实现功能就是，在UIImageView换新图片的时候，做相应的动画效果！好让，UIImageView转化时，不至于太单调！

 

第一句，就让我很困惑！

CATransition *animation = [CATransition animation];

+ (id)animation方法

创建一个CATransition对象。但是CATransition并没有animation方法？！

 

@interface CATransition : CAAnimation

原来如此，CATransition是CAAnimation的子类

 

骑驴看唱本吧！

 

CAAnimation类

 

CAAnimation类，是一个抽象类。遵循CAMediaTiming协议和CAAction协议！

 

CAAnimation is an abstract animation class. It provides the basic support for the CAMediaTiming and CAActionprotocols.

 

CAMediaTiming协议

可以调整时间,包括持续时间,速度,重复次数。

CAAction协议

可以通过响应动作的方式来显示动画。

 

CAAnimation有很多派生类

CATransition 提供渐变效果:(推拉push效果,消退fade效果,揭开reveal效果)。

CAAnimationGroup 允许多个动画同时播放。

CABasicAnimation 提供了对单一动画的实现。

CAKeyframeAnimation 关键桢动画,可以定义行动路线。

CAConstraint 约束类,在布局管理器类中用它来设置属性。

CAConstraintLayoutManager 约束布局管理器,是用来将多个CALayer进行布局的.各个CALayer是通过名称来区分,而布局属性是通过CAConstraint来设置的。

CATransaction 事务类,可以对多个layer的属性同时进行修改.它分隐式事务,和显式事务。

 CAAnimation属性

delegate

@property(retain) id delegate

为CAAnimation设置代理。默认为nil。

注意：一个CAAnimation实例，不能设置delegate为self。会引起循环引用。

 

removedOnCompletion

 

@property(getter=isRemovedOnCompletion) BOOL removedOnCompletion

设置是否动画完成后，动画效果从设置的layer上移除。默认为YES。

 

timingFunction

@property(retain) CAMediaTimingFunction *timingFunction

设置动画的“时机”效果。就是动画自身的“节奏”：比如：开始快，结束时变慢；开始慢，结束时变快；匀速；等，在动画过程中的“时机”效果。

 

animation

+ (id)animation

创建并返回一个CAAnimation实例。

defaultValueForKey

+ (id)defaultValueForKey:(NSString *)key

根据属性key，返回相应的属性值。

 

CAAnimation实例方法

shouldArchiveValueForKey

- (BOOL)shouldArchiveValueForKey:(NSString *)key

返回指定的属性值是否可以归档。

key：指定的属性。

YES：指明该属性可以被归档；NO：不能被归档。

 

CAAnimation协议方法

animationDidStart

- (void)animationDidStart:(CAAnimation *)theAnimation

动画开始时，执行的方法。

theAnimation：正在执行动画的CAAnimation实例。

animationDidStop:finished

- (void)animationDidStop:(CAAnimation *)theAnimation finished:(BOOL)flag

动画执行完成或者动画为执行被删除时，执行该方法。

theAnimation：完成或者被删除的动画实例

flag：标志该动画是执行完成或者被删除：YES：执行完成；NO：被删除。

 

只是生硬的翻译了一下CAAnimation类。毕竟该类是其他动画的父类。

先休息！来日再战！

 

2.CABasicAnimation

CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath 一些规定的值

CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath Types

When using the ‘CABasicAnimation’ from the QuartzCore Framework in Objective-C, you have to specify an animationWithKeyPath.  This is a long string and is not easily listed in the CABasicAnimation, CAPropertyAnimation, or the CAAnimation class.  I ended up finding a handy chart within the Core Animation Programming guide in Apple’s iPhone OS Reference Library.  Hope this helps save someone time, at least it will for me.

 画图动作: strokeEnd

CABasicAnimation *theAnimation;
theAnimation=[CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.translation.y"];
theAnimation.delegate = self;
theAnimation.duration = 1;
theAnimation.repeatCount = 0;
theAnimation.removedOnCompletion = FALSE;
theAnimation.fillMode = kCAFillModeForwards;
theAnimation.autoreverses = NO;
theAnimation.fromValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:0];
theAnimation.toValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:-60]; 
[self.view.layer addAnimation:theAnimation forKey:@"animateLayer"];

我们可以通过animationWithKeyPath键值对的方式来改变动画
animationWithKeyPath的值：
 
transform.scale = 比例轉換
transform.scale.x = 闊的比例轉換
transform.scale.y = 高的比例轉換
transform.rotation.z = 平面圖的旋轉
opacity = 透明度
 
margin
zPosition
 
backgroundColor
 
cornerRadius
borderWidth

 
bounds
contents

contentsRect
cornerRadius
frame

hidden

mask

masksToBounds
opacity

position

shadowColor

shadowOffset

shadowOpacity
shadowRadius
[self. ui_View.layer removeAllAnimations];
    
    CABasicAnimation *pulse = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.scale"];
    pulse.timingFunction = [CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseOut];
    pulse.duration = 0.5 + (rand() % 10) * 0.05;
    pulse.repeatCount = 1;
    pulse.autoreverses = YES;
    pulse.fromValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:.8];
    pulse.toValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:1.2];
    [self.ui_View.layer addAnimation:pulse forKey:nil];

// bounds
 
CABasicAnimation *anim = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"bounds"];
    anim.duration = 1.f;
    anim.fromValue = [NSValue valueWithCGRect:CGRectMake(0,0,10,10)];
    anim.toValue = [NSValue valueWithCGRect:CGRectMake(10,10,200,200)];
    anim.byValue  = [NSValue valueWithCGRect:self. ui_View.bounds]; 
//    anim.toValue = (id)[UIColor redColor].CGColor;
//    anim.fromValue =  (id)[UIColor blackColor].CGColor;
    
    anim.timingFunction = [CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseInEaseOut];
    anim.repeatCount = 1;
    anim.autoreverses = YES;
    
    [ui_View.layer addAnimation:anim forKey:nil];
//cornerRadius
 
    CABasicAnimation *anim2 = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"cornerRadius"];
    anim2.duration = 1.f;
    anim2.fromValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:0.f];
    anim2.toValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:20.f];
    anim2.timingFunction = [CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseInEaseOut];
    anim2.repeatCount = CGFLOAT_MAX;
    anim2.autoreverses = YES;
    
    [ui_View.layer addAnimation:anim2 forKey:@"cornerRadius"];

//contents
 
CABasicAnimation *anim = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"contents"];
    anim.duration = 1.f;
    anim.fromValue = (id)[UIImage imageNamed:@"1.jpg"].CGImage;
    anim.toValue = (id)[UIImage imageNamed:@"2.png"].CGImage;
//    anim.byValue  = (id)[UIImage imageNamed:@"3.png"].CGImage;
//    anim.toValue = (id)[UIColor redColor].CGColor;
//    anim.fromValue =  (id)[UIColor blackColor].CGColor;
    
    anim.timingFunction = [CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseInEaseOut];
    anim.repeatCount = CGFLOAT_MAX;
    anim.autoreverses = YES;
    
    [ui_View.layer addAnimation:anim forKey:nil];


 
[ui_View.layer setShadowOffset:CGSizeMake(2,2)];
    [ui_View.layer setShadowOpacity:1];
    [ui_View.layer setShadowColor:[UIColor grayColor].CGColor];
//
    CABasicAnimation *anim = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"shadowColor"];
    anim.duration = 1.f;
    anim.toValue = (id)[UIColor redColor].CGColor;
    anim.fromValue =  (id)[UIColor blackColor].CGColor;
    
    anim.timingFunction = [CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseInEaseOut];
    anim.repeatCount = CGFLOAT_MAX;
    anim.autoreverses = YES;
    
    [ui_View.layer addAnimation:anim forKey:nil];
    
    CABasicAnimation *_anim = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"shadowOffset"];
    _anim.duration = 1.f;
    _anim.fromValue = [NSValue valueWithCGSize:CGSizeMake(0,0)];
    _anim.toValue = [NSValue valueWithCGSize:CGSizeMake(3,3)];
    
    _anim.timingFunction = [CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseInEaseOut];
    _anim.repeatCount = CGFLOAT_MAX;
    _anim.autoreverses = YES;
    
    [ui_View.layer addAnimation:_anim forKey:nil];
    
    
    CABasicAnimation *_anim1 = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"shadowOpacity"];
    _anim1.duration = 1.f;
    _anim1.fromValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:0.5];
    _anim1.toValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:1];
    
    _anim1.timingFunction = [CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseInEaseOut];
    _anim1.repeatCount = CGFLOAT_MAX;
    _anim1.autoreverses = YES;
    
    [ui_View.layer addAnimation:_anim1 forKey:nil];
    
    
    
    CABasicAnimation *_anim2 = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"shadowRadius"];
    _anim2.duration = 1.f;
    _anim2.fromValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:10];
    _anim2.toValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:5];
    
    _anim2.timingFunction = [CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseInEaseOut];
    _anim2.repeatCount = CGFLOAT_MAX;
    _anim2.autoreverses = YES;
    
    [ui_View.layer addAnimation:_anim2 forKey:nil];

几个可以用来实现热门APP应用PATH中menu效果的几个方法

+(CABasicAnimation *)opacityForever_Animation:(float)time ／／永久闪烁的动画

{

    CABasicAnimation *animation=[CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"opacity"];

    animation.fromValue=[NSNumber numberWithFloat:1.0];

    animation.toValue=[NSNumber numberWithFloat:0.0];

    animation.autoreverses=YES;

    animation.duration=time;

    animation.repeatCount=FLT_MAX;

    animation.removedOnCompletion=NO;

    animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards;

    return animation;

}

 

+(CABasicAnimation *)opacityTimes_Animation:(float)repeatTimes durTimes:(float)time; ／／有闪烁次数的动画

{

    CABasicAnimation *animation=[CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"opacity"];

    animation.fromValue=[NSNumber numberWithFloat:1.0];

    animation.toValue=[NSNumber numberWithFloat:0.4];

    animation.repeatCount=repeatTimes;

    animation.duration=time;

    animation.removedOnCompletion=NO;

    animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards;

    animation.timingFunction=[CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseIn];

    animation.autoreverses=YES;

    return  animation;

}

 

+(CABasicAnimation *)moveX:(float)time X:(NSNumber *)x ／／横向移动

{

    CABasicAnimation *animation=[CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.translation.x"];

    animation.toValue=x;

    animation.duration=time;

    animation.removedOnCompletion=NO;

    animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards;

    return animation;

}

 

+(CABasicAnimation *)moveY:(float)time Y:(NSNumber *)y ／／纵向移动

{

    CABasicAnimation *animation=[CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.translation.y"];

    animation.toValue=y;

    animation.duration=time;

    animation.removedOnCompletion=NO;

    animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards;

    return animation;

}

 

+(CABasicAnimation *)scale:(NSNumber *)Multiple orgin:(NSNumber *)orginMultiple durTimes:(float)time Rep:(float)repeatTimes ／／缩放

{

    CABasicAnimation *animation=[CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.scale"];

    animation.fromValue=orginMultiple;

    animation.toValue=Multiple;

    animation.duration=time;

    animation.autoreverses=YES;

    animation.repeatCount=repeatTimes;

    animation.removedOnCompletion=NO;

    animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards;

    return animation;

}

 

+(CAAnimationGroup *)groupAnimation:(NSArray *)animationAry durTimes:(float)time Rep:(float)repeatTimes ／／组合动画

{

    CAAnimationGroup *animation=[CAAnimationGroup animation];

    animation.animations=animationAry;

    animation.duration=time;

    animation.repeatCount=repeatTimes;

    animation.removedOnCompletion=NO;

    animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards;

    return animation;

}

 

+(CAKeyframeAnimation *)keyframeAniamtion:(CGMutablePathRef)path durTimes:(float)time Rep:(float)repeatTimes ／／路径动画

{

    CAKeyframeAnimation *animation=[CAKeyframeAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"position"];

    animation.path=path;

    animation.removedOnCompletion=NO;

    animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards;

    animation.timingFunction=[CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseIn];

    animation.autoreverses=NO;

    animation.duration=time;

    animation.repeatCount=repeatTimes;

    return animation;

}

 

+(CABasicAnimation *)movepoint:(CGPoint )point ／／点移动

{

    CABasicAnimation *animation=[CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.translation"];

    animation.toValue=[NSValue valueWithCGPoint:point];

    animation.removedOnCompletion=NO;

    animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards;

    return animation;

}

 

+(CABasicAnimation *)rotation:(float)dur degree:(float)degree direction:(int)direction repeatCount:(int)repeatCount ／／旋转

{

    CATransform3D rotationTransform  = CATransform3DMakeRotation(degree, 0, 0,direction);

    CABasicAnimation* animation;

    animation = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform"];

 

animation.toValue= [NSValue valueWithCATransform3D:rotationTransform];

    animation.duration= dur;

animation.autoreverses= NO;

    animation.cumulative= YES;

    animation.removedOnCompletion=NO;

    animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards;

    animation.repeatCount= repeatCount; 

animation.delegate= self;

 

return animation;

}

实现view放大再缩小的效果

- (void)viewDidLoad {

    [super viewDidLoad];


layer=[CALayer layer];

layer.frame=CGRectMake(50, 200, 50, 50);

layer.backgroundColor=[UIColor orangeColor].CGColor;

layer.cornerRadius=8.0f;


CABasicAnimation *animation=[CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.translation.y"];

animation.duration=4.0f;

animation.autoreverses=NO;

animation.repeatCount=1;

animation.toValue=[NSNumber numberWithInt:-10];

animation.fromValue=[NSNumber numberWithInt:200];

animation.timingFunction = [CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseInEaseOut];


CABasicAnimation *animationZoomIn=[CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.scale"];

animationZoomIn.duration=2.0f;

animationZoomIn.autoreverses=NO;

animationZoomIn.repeatCount=1;

animationZoomIn.toValue=[NSNumber numberWithFloat:1.56];

animationZoomIn.timingFunction=[CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseIn];

CABasicAnimation *animationZoomOut=[CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.scale"];

animationZoomOut.beginTime=2.0f;

animationZoomOut.duration=2.0f;

animationZoomOut.autoreverses=NO;

animationZoomOut.repeatCount=1;

animationZoomOut.toValue=[NSNumber numberWithFloat:.01];

animationZoomOut.timingFunction=[CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseOut];

CAAnimationGroup *group=[CAAnimationGroup animation];

group.duration=4.0f;

group.animations=[NSArray arrayWithObjects: animation, animationZoomIn, animationZoomOut,nil];

group.removedOnCompletion=NO;

group.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards;

[layer addAnimation:group forKey:nil];

[self.view.layer addSublayer:layer];


//layer.hidden=YES;

}

3.CATransition的type

1.#define定义的常量 
     kCATransitionFade   交叉淡化过渡 
     kCATransitionMoveIn 新视图移到旧视图上面 
     kCATransitionPush   新视图把旧视图推出去 
     kCATransitionReveal 将旧视图移开,显示下面的新视图 
  
 2.用字符串表示 
     pageCurl            向上翻一页 
     pageUnCurl          向下翻一页 
     rippleEffect        滴水效果 
     suckEffect          收缩效果，如一块布被抽走 
     cube                立方体效果 

　　flip　　　　　　左右翻转
     oglFlip             上下翻转效果

              示例：

 CATransition *animation=[CATransition animation];
 animation.delegate=self;
 animation.duration=1.0f;

 animation.timingFunction=UIViewAnimationCurveEaseInOut;

 animation.type=kCATransitionMoveIn;
 animation.subtype=kCATransitionFromTop;
 
 
 [myView.layer addAnimation:animation forKey:@"move in"];

 CGMutablePathRef path2 = CGPathCreateMutable();
    CGPathAddArc(path2, NULL, 100, 100, 50, M_PI, 2* M_PI , NO);
    CAShapeLayer *shapeLayer22 = [CAShapeLayer layer];
    shapeLayer22.path = path2;
    shapeLayer22.strokeColor = [UIColor greenColor].CGColor;
    shapeLayer22.fillColor = [UIColor clearColor].CGColor;
    shapeLayer22.lineWidth = 15;
    
    CABasicAnimation *basicAnimation2 = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"strokeEnd"];
    basicAnimation2.duration = 3;
    basicAnimation2.timingFunction = [CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseOut];
    basicAnimation2.removedOnCompletion = NO;
    basicAnimation2.fromValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:0];
    basicAnimation2.toValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:1];
    [shapeLayer22 addAnimation:basicAnimation2 forKey:@"basicAnimation2"];
    
    CGPathRelease(path2);
    [self.layer addSublayer:shapeLayer22];