• 【翻译】C#中串口通信编程


     

     [翻译]
    Tapan Dantre.著Serial Communication using C# and Whidbey


    [简介]

    本文将介绍如何在.NET平台下使用C#创建串口通信程序,.NET 2.0提供了串口通信的功能,其命名空间是System.IO.Ports。这个新的框架不但可以访问计算机上的串口,还可以和串口设备进行通信。我们将使用标准的RS 232 C 在PC间通信。它工作在全双工模式下,而且我们不打算使用任何的握手或流控制器,而是使用无modem连接。

    命名空间

    System.IO.Ports命名空间中最重用的是SerialPort 类。

    创建SerialPort 对象

    通过创建SerialPort 对象,我们可以在程序中控制串口通信的全过程。
    我们将要用到的SerialPort 类的方法:
    ReadLine():从输入缓冲区读一新行的值,如果没有,会返回NULL
    WriteLine(string):写入输出缓冲
    Open():打开一个新的串口连接
    Close():关闭

    Code:

    //create a Serial Port object
    SerialPort sp = new SerialPort ();



    默认情况下,DataBits 值是8,StopBits 是1,通信端口是COM1。这些都可以在下面的属性中重新设置



    BaudRate:串口的波特率
    StopBits:每个字节的停止位数量
    ReadTimeout:当读操作没有完成时的停止时间。单位,毫秒

    还有不少其它公共属性,自己查阅MSDN。

    串口的硬件知识

    在数据传输的时候,每个字节的数据通过单个的电缆线传输。包包括开始位,数据,结束为。一旦开始位传出,后面就会传数据,可能是5,6,7或8位,就看你的设定了。发送和接收必须设定同样的波特率和数据位数。

    无猫模式

    没有Modem模式的电缆只是简单地交叉传送和接收线。同样DTR & DSR, 和 RTS & CTS也需要交叉。

    RS232针图




    这里,我们三条线。互连2和3(一段的2pin连接3pin),连接两端的5pin。

    [示例程序]

    主程序



    如果想使用默认属性,按“Save Status”按钮,如果想改变属性按“Property”。它会弹出下图:



    设定好之后,可以通信了。





    主窗口的代码

    Code:
    #region Using directives

    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.ComponentModel;
    using System.Data;
    using System.Drawing;
    using System.Windows.Forms;
    using System.IO.Ports;

    #endregion

    namespace Serialexpample
    {
        partial class Form1 : Form
        {
            //create instance of property page
            //property page is used to set values for stop bits and
            //baud rate
             PropertyPage pp = new PropertyPage();

            //create an Serial Port object
            SerialPort sp = new SerialPort();

            public Form1()
            {
                InitializeComponent();
            }
               
            private void propertyButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
            {
                //show property dialog
                pp.ShowDialog();

                propertyButton.Hide();
            }

            private void sendButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
            {
                try             {                 //write line to serial port
                    sp.WriteLine(textBox.Text);
                    //clear the text box
                    textBox.Text = "";
                }
                catch (System.Exception ex)
                {
                    baudRatelLabel.Text = ex.Message;
                }

            }

            private void ReadButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
            {
                try             {                 //clear the text box
                    textBox.Text = "";
                    //read serial port and displayed the data in text box
                    textBox.Text = sp.ReadLine();
                }
                catch(System.Exception ex)
                {
                    baudRatelLabel.Text = ex.Message;
                }
            }

            private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
            {

            }

            private void Form1_FormClosing(object sender, FormClosingEventArgs e)
            {
                MessageBox.Show("Do u want to Close the App");
                sp.Close();
            }

            private void startCommButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
            {
                startCommButton.Hide();
                sendButton.Show();
                readButton.Show();
                textBox.Show();
            }

            //when we want to save the status(value)
            private void saveStatusButton_Click_1(object sender, EventArgs e)
            {
                //display values
                //if no property is set the default values
                if (pp.bRate == "" && pp.sBits == "")
                {
                    dataBitLabel.Text = "BaudRate = " + sp.BaudRate.ToString();
                    readTimeOutLabel.Text = "StopBits = " + sp.StopBits.ToString();
                }
                else             {                 dataBitLabel.Text = "BaudRate = " + pp.bRate;
                    readTimeOutLabel.Text = "StopBits = " + pp.sBits;
                }

                parityLabel.Text = "DataBits = " + sp.DataBits.ToString();
                stopBitLabel.Text = "Parity = " + sp.Parity.ToString();
                readTimeOutLabel.Text = "ReadTimeout = " +
                          sp.ReadTimeout.ToString();

                if (propertyButton.Visible == true)
                    propertyButton.Hide();
                saveStatusButton.Hide();
                startCommButton.Show();

                try             {                 //open serial port
                    sp.Open();
                    //set read time out to 500 ms
                    sp.ReadTimeout = 500;
                }
                catch (System.Exception ex)
                {
                    baudRatelLabel.Text = ex.Message;
                }
            }
        }
    }



    属性设置对话框代码:

    Code:
    #region Using directives

    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.ComponentModel;
    using System.Data;
    using System.Drawing;
    using System.Text;
    using System.Windows.Forms;

    #endregion

    namespace Serialexpample
    {
        partial class PropertyPage : Form
        {
            //variables for storing values of baud rate and stop bits
            private string baudR="";
            private string stopB="";

            //property for setting and getting baud rate and stop bits
            public string bRate
            {
                get
                {
                    return baudR;
                }
                set
                {
                    baudR = value;
                }
            }

            public string sBits
            {
                get
                {
                    return stopB;
                }
                set
                {
                    stopB = value;
                }
            }

            public PropertyPage()
            {
                InitializeComponent();
            }

            private void cancelButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
            {
                this.bRate = "";
                this.sBits = "";
                //close form
                this.Close();
            }

            private void okButton_Click_1(object sender, EventArgs e)
            {
                //here we set the value for stop bits and baud rate.
                this.bRate = BaudRateComboBox.Text;
                this.sBits = stopBitComboBox.Text;
                //
                this.Close();

            }
        }
    }

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/anbylau2130/p/2824191.html
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