linux，windows下检测指定的IP地址是否可用或者检测IP地址冲突的3种方式（批处理程序，python程序，linux shell 批量ping）

本文中的脚本适用范围：

1）检测某些IP地址是否被占用；

2）检测网络中某些设备是否存活；

3）在分配新的ip地址之前，批量检测环境中是否存在冲突的机器

以上检测基于ICMP Ping报文，要求所有的设备允许Ping，设备开通禁止ICMP策略，防火墙禁止ICMP报文等情况不在本文的考虑范围之内。

不多说，上代码：

(一)windows 批处理脚本

::autor lb
::date 2018 05
@echo off
::屏显当前的测试时间并输出到测试结果（详细日志和结果日志）
echo %date% %time%

::每次执行脚本时都要先删除日志
del %cd%IpCheckerDetailLog.txt 
del %cd%IpCheckerResLog.txt 
echo %date% %time% >>IpCheckerDetailLog.txt
echo %date% %time%  >>IpCheckerResLog.txt
echo IpCheckerResult >>IpCheckerResLog.txt

::for循环执行ping命令，每次循环都会从制定的文件中读取ip地址进行ping操作，ping count=1,timeout=1ms,每次Ping结果都会重定向到详细日志文件
set /a avaNum=0
set /a unReaccNum=0
for /f "delims=" %%i in (ip.txt) do (
Ping.exe -n 1 -w 1 %%i >> IpCheckerDetailLog.txt
if not errorlevel 1 ( echo %%i            is avaliable
echo %%i            is avaliable >> IpCheckerResLog.txt
set /a avaNum+=1 ) else ( echo %%i            is unreachable[Warning] 
set /a unReaccNum+=1
echo %%i            is unreachable[Warning]  >> IpCheckerResLog.txt )
)
set /a Total=%avaNum% + %unReaccNum%
echo Total Count:%Total%
echo %avaNum% avaliable;    %unReaccNum% unreachable!
pause

测试如下：

　创建ip.txt，

执行脚本

 （二） Windows Python脚本

#!windows 64 python3.6.5
# coding=utf-8

# Ip检测脚本
# author lb
# time 2018 05
import os
import datetime

SrcFileName = "ip.txt";
CurT = datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%m%d_%H%M%S");
CurTInLog = datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S
");
LogFileName = "%s_LogDetail.txt" % CurT;
ResFileName = "%s_Res.txt" % CurT;
IpOkNum=0;
IpFailNum=0;

# 创建详细日志文件
LogFp = open(LogFileName, 'w+');
LogFp.write("PingTestDetailLog
")
LogFp.write(CurTInLog);

# 创建结果日志文件
ResFp = open(ResFileName, 'w+');
ResFp.write("PingTestResult
");
ResFp.write(CurTInLog);

# 打开ip文件
SrcFp = open(SrcFileName, "r");
for ip in SrcFp:
    #print(ip)
    cmd = "ping -n 1 -w 1 %s" % ip;
    ret = os.popen(cmd);
    strRet="%s
" % ret.read();
    LogFp.write( strRet);
    print(strRet)
    #找到了TTL关键字，证明ping通
    if  strRet.find("TTL") != -1 or strRet.find("丢失 = 0")!=-1:
        strok="%s Is Reachable 
"% ip;
        print(strok);
        ResFp.write(strok);
        IpOkNum+=1;
    else:
        strfail="%s Is Uneachable[Warning]
"% ip;
        print(strfail);
        ResFp.write(strfail);
        IpFailNum+=1;
Res="Total Ip Num i:%d
Reachable  Count:%d,Unreachable Count:%d " % ((IpFailNum+IpOkNum),IpOkNum,IpFailNum);
print(Res)

LogFp.close();
ResFp.close();
SrcFp.close();

运行结果：

 （三）linux shell

#!bin/sh
#author lb
#date 2018 05


PingFun()
{
#Creat Log File
echo DetailLog>>IpCheckerDetailLog.txt
echo DetailResult>>IpCheckerResLog.txt
CurT=$(date "+%Y:%m:%D %H:%M:%S")
IpAvaCount=0;
IpUnReachCount=0;

#Init Log File
echo $CurT>>IpCheckerDetailLog.txt
echo $CurT>>pCheckerResLog.txt

echo Starting ping...
#Read Ip 
while read ip
do
    if ping -c 1 -w 1 $ip >/dev/null ;then
        echo $ip     is avaliable
        echo $ip     is avaliable >>IpCheckerResLog.txt
        IpAvaCount=$(($IpAvaCount+1))
    else echo $ip     is unreachable
         echo $ip     is unreachable >>IpCheckerResLog.txt    
        IpUnReachCount=$((1+$IpUnReachCount))
    fi
done <ip.txt

#statistics
echo Statis:
echo Total Count : $(($IpUnReachCount+$IpAvaCount))
echo Avaliable :$IpAvaCount,Unreachable :$IpUnReachCount
}
PingFun

 执行结果：