前提
Appium执行自动化测试的相关流程
PC端：启动Appium Server----------》Appium Client --------发出指令----------》Appium Server-------与手机通讯-----
Phone端：---》BootStrap------将PC指令传输给系统底层-------》Instramentation--------执行指令-------END
一、Appium Server
1、启动AppiumServer。
启动参数（MobileCapabilityType枚举类中存在对应参数）
通用参数：automationName:启动驱动名称 : appium(系统4.2版本以上) or selendroid(低版本系统使用)
platformName :系统名称 :android or iOS
platformVersion :系统版本
deviceName :设备名
app :app路径(绝对路径)
newCommandTimeout:server 等待新命令时间,默认60秒
autoLaunch ：是否自动启动应用，默认为true【adb启动应用命令：adb shell am start [包名]/[activityName]】
noReset :是否重置app状态,默认false
fullReset :卸载app以清除缓存，默认false
混合app和webapp使用：
browserName : Chrome or Chromium or Browser
autoWebview : 是否自动切换webview
Android 专用
appActivity :默认进入的界面
appPackage :包名
appWaitActivity :等待的界面名
appWaitPackage :等待的app包名
deviceReadyTimeout:等待设备超时时间
unicodeKeyboard :启用unicode输入法，当输入字符中包含中文时使用，否则中文无法输入
Appium server capabilities
| Capability | Description | Values |
|---|---|---|
automationName |
Which automation engine to use | Appium (default) or Selendroid |
platformName |
Which mobile OS platform to use | iOS, Android, or FirefoxOS |
platformVersion |
Mobile OS version | e.g., 7.1, 4.4 |
deviceName |
The kind of mobile device or emulator to use | iPhone Simulator, iPad Simulator, iPhone Retina 4-inch, Android Emulator, Galaxy S4, etc…. On iOS, this should be one of the valid devices returned by instruments with instruments -s devices. On Android this capability is currently ignored. |
app |
The absolute local path or remote http URL to an .ipa or .apk file, or a .zipcontaining one of these. Appium will attempt to install this app binary on the appropriate device first. Note that this capability is not required for Android if you specify appPackage and appActivity capabilities (see below). Incompatible with browserName. |
/abs/path/to/my.apk or http://myapp.com/app.ipa |
browserName |
Name of mobile web browser to automate. Should be an empty string if automating an app instead. | ‘Safari’ for iOS and ‘Chrome’, ‘Chromium’, or ‘Browser’ for Android |
newCommandTimeout |
How long (in seconds) Appium will wait for a new command from the client before assuming the client quit and ending the session | e.g. 60 |
autoLaunch |
Whether to have Appium install and launch the app automatically. Default true |
true, false |
language |
(Sim/Emu-only) Language to set for the simulator / emulator | e.g. fr |
locale |
(Sim/Emu-only) Locale to set for the simulator / emulator | e.g. fr_CA |
udid |
Unique device identifier of the connected physical device | e.g. 1ae203187fc012g |
orientation |
(Sim/Emu-only) start in a certain orientation | LANDSCAPE or PORTRAIT |
autoWebview |
Move directly into Webview context. Default false |
true, false |
noReset |
Don’t reset app state before this session. Default false |
true, false |
fullReset |
(iOS) Delete the entire simulator folder. (Android) Reset app state by uninstalling app instead of clearing app data. On Android, this will also remove the app after the session is complete. Default false |
true, false |
ANDROID ONLY
| Capability | Description | Values |
|---|---|---|
appActivity |
Activity name for the Android activity you want to launch from your package. This often needs to be preceded by a .(e.g., .MainActivity instead of MainActivity) |
MainActivity, .Settings |
appPackage |
Java package of the Android app you want to run | com.example.android.myApp, com.android.settings |
appWaitActivity |
Activity name for the Android activity you want to wait for | SplashActivity |
appWaitPackage |
Java package of the Android app you want to wait for | com.example.android.myApp, com.android.settings |
deviceReadyTimeout |
Timeout in seconds while waiting for device to become ready | 5 |
androidCoverage |
Fully qualified instrumentation class. Passed to -w in adb shell am instrument -e coverage true -w | com.my.Pkg/com.my.Pkg.instrumentation.MyInstrumentation |
enablePerformanceLogging |
(Chrome and webview only) Enable Chromedriver’s performance logging (default false) |
true, false |
androidDeviceReadyTimeout |
Timeout in seconds used to wait for a device to become ready after booting | e.g., 30 |
androidDeviceSocket |
Devtools socket name. Needed only when tested app is a Chromium embedding browser. The socket is open by the browser and Chromedriver connects to it as a devtools client. | e.g., chrome_devtools_remote |
avd |
Name of avd to launch | e.g., api19 |
avdLaunchTimeout |
How long to wait in milliseconds for an avd to launch and connect to ADB (default 120000) |
300000 |
avdReadyTimeout |
How long to wait in milliseconds for an avd to finish its boot animations (default 120000) |
300000 |
avdArgs |
Additional emulator arguments used when launching an avd | e.g., -netfast |
useKeystore |
Use a custom keystore to sign apks, default false |
true or false |
keystorePath |
Path to custom keystore, default ~/.android/debug.keystore | e.g., /path/to.keystore |
keystorePassword |
Password for custom keystore | e.g., foo |
keyAlias |
Alias for key | e.g., androiddebugkey |
keyPassword |
Password for key | e.g., foo |
chromedriverExecutable |
The absolute local path to webdriver executable (if Chromium embedder provides its own webdriver, it should be used instead of original chromedriver bundled with Appium) | /abs/path/to/webdriver |
autoWebviewTimeout |
Amount of time to wait for Webview context to become active, in ms. Defaults to 2000 |
e.g. 4 |
intentAction |
Intent action which will be used to start activity (default android.intent.action.MAIN) |
e.g.android.intent.action.MAIN, android.intent.action.VIEW |
intentCategory |
Intent category which will be used to start activity (default android.intent.category.LAUNCHER) |
e.g. android.intent.category.LAUNCHER, android.intent.category.APP_CONTACTS |
intentFlags |
Flags that will be used to start activity (default 0x10200000) |
e.g. 0x10200000 |
optionalIntentArguments |
Additional intent arguments that will be used to start activity. See Intent arguments | e.g. --esn <EXTRA_KEY>, --ez <EXTRA_KEY> <EXTRA_BOOLEAN_VALUE>, etc. |
dontStopAppOnReset |
Doesn’t stop the process of the app under test, before starting the app using adb. If the app under test is created by another anchor app, setting this false, allows the process of the anchor app to be still alive, during the start of the test app using adb. In other words, with dontStopAppOnReset set to true, we will not include the -S flag in the adb shell am start call. With this capability omitted or set to false, we include the -S flag. Default false |
true or false |
unicodeKeyboard |
Enable Unicode input, default false |
true or false |
resetKeyboard |
Reset keyboard to its original state, after running Unicode tests with unicodeKeyboard capability. Ignored if used alone. Default false |
true or false |
noSign |
Skip checking and signing of app with debug keys, will work only with UiAutomator and not with selendroid, default false |
true or false |
ignoreUnimportantViews |
Calls the setCompressedLayoutHierarchy() uiautomator function. This capability can speed up test execution, since Accessibility commands will run faster ignoring some elements. The ignored elements will not be findable, which is why this capability has also been implemented as a toggle-able setting as well as a capability. Defaults to false |
true or false |
disableAndroidWatchers |
Disables android watchers that watch for application not responding and application crash, this will reduce cpu usage on android device/emulator. This capability will work only with UiAutomator and not with selendroid, default false |
true or false |
chromeOptions |
Allows passing chromeOptions capability for chrome driver. For more information see chromeOptions | chromeOptions: {args: ['--disable-popup-blocking']} |
IOS ONLY
| Capability | Description | Values |
|---|---|---|
calendarFormat |
(Sim-only) Calendar format to set for the iOS Simulator | e.g. gregorian |
bundleId |
Bundle ID of the app under test. Useful for starting an app on a real device or for using other caps which require the bundle ID during test startup. To run a test on a real device using the bundle ID, you may omit the ‘app’ capability, but you must provide ‘udid’. | e.g. io.appium.TestApp |
udid |
Unique device identifier of the connected physical device | e.g. 1ae203187fc012g |
launchTimeout |
Amount of time in ms to wait for instruments before assuming it hung and failing the session | e.g. 20000 |
locationServicesEnabled |
(Sim-only) Force location services to be either on or off. Default is to keep current sim setting. | true or false |
locationServicesAuthorized |
(Sim-only) Set location services to be authorized or not authorized for app via plist, so that location services alert doesn’t pop up. Default is to keep current sim setting. Note that if you use this setting you MUST also use the bundleId capability to send in your app’s bundle ID. |
true or false |
autoAcceptAlerts |
Accept iOS privacy access permission alerts (e.g., location, contacts, photos) automatically if they pop up. Default is false. | true or false |
autoDismissAlerts |
Dismiss iOS privacy access permission alerts (e.g., location, contacts, photos) automatically if they pop up. Default is false. | true or false |
nativeInstrumentsLib |
Use native intruments lib (ie disable instruments-without-delay). | true or false |
nativeWebTap |
(Sim-only) Enable “real”, non-javascript-based web taps in Safari. Default: false. Warning: depending on viewport size/ratio this might not accurately tap an element |
true or false |
safariInitialUrl |
(Sim-only) (>= 8.1) Initial safari url, default is a local welcome page | e.g. https://www.github.com |
safariAllowPopups |
(Sim-only) Allow javascript to open new windows in Safari. Default keeps current sim setting | true or false |
safariIgnoreFraudWarning |
(Sim-only) Prevent Safari from showing a fraudulent website warning. Default keeps current sim setting. | true or false |
safariOpenLinksInBackground |
(Sim-only) Whether Safari should allow links to open in new windows. Default keeps current sim setting. | true or false |
keepKeyChains |
(Sim-only) Whether to keep keychains (Library/Keychains) when appium session is started/finished | true or false |
localizableStringsDir |
Where to look for localizable strings. Default en.lproj |
en.lproj |
processArguments |
Arguments to pass to the AUT using instruments | e.g., -myflag |
interKeyDelay |
The delay, in ms, between keystrokes sent to an element when typing. | e.g., 100 |
showIOSLog |
Whether to show any logs captured from a device in the appium logs. Default false |
true or false |
sendKeyStrategy |
strategy to use to type test into a test field. Simulator default: oneByOne. Real device default: grouped |
oneByOne, grouped or setValue |
screenshotWaitTimeout |
Max timeout in sec to wait for a screenshot to be generated. default: 10 | e.g., 5 |
waitForAppScript |
The ios automation script used to determined if the app has been launched, by default the system wait for the page source not to be empty. The result must be a boolean | e.g. true;, target.elements().length > 0;, $.delay(5000); true; |
webviewConnectRetries |
Number of times to send connection message to remote debugger, to get webview. Default: 8 |
e.g., 12 |