之前对这几个command是忘了记,记了混~所以写下笔记以巩固之。
1.docker save
docker save -h Usage: docker save [OPTIONS] IMAGE [IMAGE...] Save one or more images to a tar archive (streamed to STDOUT by default) --help Print usage -o, --output Write to a file, instead of STDOUT
从接的参数就可以猜到,直接接image,不太可能导出单纯的文件系统(因为镜像本身就是分层存储的)
简单测试一下
docker save -o busybox.tar busybox && mkdir busybox && tar xf busybox.tar -C busybox
tree busybox
busybox
├── 2b8fd9751c4c0f5dd266fcae00707e67a2545ef34f9a29354585f93dac906749.json
├── 374004614a75c2c4afd41a3050b5217e282155eb1eb7b4ce8f22aa9f4b17ee57
│ ├── VERSION
│ ├── json
│ └── layer.tar
├── manifest.json
└── repositories
docker load 与之匹配,将其(带历史地)导入到docker images中
docker load -i busybox.tar
2.docker export
docker export -h Usage: docker export [OPTIONS] CONTAINER Export a container's filesystem as a tar archive --help Print usage -o, --output Write to a file, instead of STDOUT
从接的参数猜测,直接接container,多半就是dump rootfs了
栗子测试一下:
docker run --name container -d busybox docker export -o busybox.tar container && mkdir busybox && tar xf busybox.tar -C busybox tree busybox -L 1 busybox ├── bin ├── dev ├── etc ├── home ├── proc ├── root ├── sys ├── tmp ├── usr └── var
docker import 与之匹配
docker import busybox.tar my-busybox:1.0 docker images # REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE # my-busybox 1.0 5bfea374dd5c 3 seconds ago 1.093 MB
注意:docker import后面接的是docker export导出的文件,也就是一个文件系统,所以导入的镜像是不带历史的
使用docker history $image_name 查看镜像,只有一层
3.docker commit
docker commit -h /tmp/pkg_debian (debian) choldrim-pc Usage: docker commit [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [REPOSITORY[:TAG]] Create a new image from a container's changes -a, --author Author (e.g., "John Hannibal Smith <hannibal@a-team.com>") -c, --change=[] Apply Dockerfile instruction to the created image --help Print usage -m, --message Commit message -p, --pause=true Pause container during commit
commit是合并了save、load、export、import这几个特性的一个综合性的命令,它主要做了:
- 将container当前的读写层保存下来,保存成一个新层
- 和镜像的历史层一起合并成一个新的镜像
如果原本的镜像有3层,commit之后就会有4层,最新的一层为从镜像运行到commit之间对文件系统的修改
docker commit container my-commit-image docker history my-commit-image IMAGE CREATED CREATED BY SIZE COMMENT e86539128c67 5 seconds ago sh 0 B 2b8fd9751c4c 9 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD ["sh"] 0 B <missing> 9 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:9ca60502d646bdd815 1.093 MB