Java 8 引入Lambda表达式,对于Java开发人员来说是一大福利,简化了代码,提高了开发效率。
本文主要讲解日常开发中使用频率比较高的几类Lambda表达式。
集合
Lambda表达式的引入,大大的方便了我们的集合操作,使得Map,list之间的转换变得简单了。
List<T> ---> map<S,List<T>>
Map<String, List<Entity>> demoMap = demoList.stream().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(Entity::getkey));
List<T> ---> map<S,T>
/**
* toMap 如果集合对象有重复的key,会报Duplicate key...错, * 可以用 (k1,k2)->k1来设置,如果有重复的key,则保留key1,舍弃key2 */ Map<String,Entity> map = stats.stream().collect(Collectors.toMap(Entity::getKey,c -> c,(k1,k2)->k1))); Map<String,String> map = stats.stream().collect(Collectors.toMap(Entity::getKey,Entity::getStringValue));
map<S,List<T>> ---->List<T>
List<Entity> demoList = dataMap.entrySet().stream().flatMap(map -> map.getValue().stream()).collect(Collectors.toList());
线程
普通开启异步线程
new Thread(() -> System.out.println("Thread Starting......")).start();
线程池开启异步线程(不接收返回参数)
public static ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10); executor.submit(() -> aiCollectionFacade.initAiCollection(dto));
线程池开启异步线程(接收返回参数)
public static ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10); Future<?> result = executor.submit(() -> sum(a, b)); System.out.println(result.get());
Stream类
创建Stream的方法
使用range方法给定一个范围来创建一个基本类型的流。
IntStream intStream = IntStream.range(1,100);
直接给值来创建流
Stream stream = Stream.of(“hanjt”,”is”,”the”,”most”,”dashing”);
由数组创建流
IntStream stream2 = Arrays.stream(numbers2);
由文件生成流
try { Stream lines = Files.lines(Paths.get(“data.txt”),Charset.defaultCharset()); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }
由函数生成流
迭代:Stream.iterate(0, n -> n + 2).limit(10) .forEach(System.out::println);
生成:Stream.generate(Math::random).limit(5) .forEach(System.out::println);
Stream相关的Lambda表达式
属性过滤
List vegetarian = menu.stream().filter(Dish::isVegetarian) .collect(Collectors.toList());
条件过滤
List numbers = Arrays.asList(1, 2, 1, 3, 3, 2, 4);
numbers.stream().filter(i -> i % 2 ==0).distinct().forEach(System.out::println);
截断
List dishes = menu.stream().filter(d -> d.getCalories() >300).limit(3) .collect(toList());
跳过元素
List dishes = menu.stream().filter(d -> d.getCalories() >300).skip(2) .collect(toList());
映射
List dishNames =menu.stream().map(Dish::getName).collect(toList()); List words = Arrays.asList(“Java8”, “Lambdas”, “In”, “Action”); List wordLengths = words.stream().map(String::length) .collect(toList());
展开
List uniqueCharacters = words.stream().map(w -> w.split(“”)) .flatMap(Arrays::stream).distinct().collect(Collectors.toList());
任意匹配
if(menu.stream().anyMatch(Dish::isVegetarian)){ System.out.println(“The menu is (somewhat) vegetarian friendly!!”); }
全部匹配
boolean isHealthy = menu.stream().allMatch(d -> d.getCalories() < 1000);
全部不匹配
boolean isHealthy = menu.stream().noneMatch(d -> d.getCalories() >= 1000);
获取任意元素
Optional dish =menu.stream() .filter(Dish::isVegetarian).findAny(); 归约
计算
int sum2 = numbers.stream().reduce(0, (a,b) -> a + b); int sum3 = menu.stream().map(Dish::getColories).reduce(0, Integer::sum); //如果已知数据类型,可用下面方法。 //但仅支持int doule.long int sum4 = people.stream().mapToInt(p -> p.getAge()).sum();
求最值
Optional max = numbers.stream().reduce(Integer::max);
Optional min = numbers.stream().reduce(Integer::min);