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    Treap

    您需要写一种数据结构,来维护一些数,其中需要提供以下操作:

    1. 插入 \(x\)
    2. 删除 \(x\) 数(若有多个相同的数,因只删除一个)
    3. 查询 \(x\) 数的排名(排名定义为比当前数小的数的个数 \(+1\) )
    4. 查询排名为 \(x\) 的数
    5. \(x\) 的前驱(前驱定义为小于 \(x\),且最大的数)
    6. \(x\)的后继(后继定义为大于 \(x\),且最小的数)

    第一行为 \(n\),表示操作的个数,下面 \(n\) 行每行有两个数 \(\text{opt}\)\(x\)\(\text{opt}\) 表示操作的序号\(( 1≤opt≤6 )\)

    对于操作 \(3,4,5,6\) 每行输出一个数,表示对应答案

    const ll maxn = 1e5 + 10;
    const ll inf = 1e14 + 10;
    ll n, tot, root;
    
    struct node
    {
        ll l, r;
        ll v, rk;
        ll cnt, siz;
    } s[maxn << 1];
    
    inline ll New(ll w)
    {
        s[++tot].v = w;
        s[tot].rk = rand();
        s[tot].cnt = s[tot].siz = 1;
        return tot;
    }
    
    inline void upd(ll p)
    {
        s[p].siz = s[s[p].l].siz + s[s[p].r].siz + s[p].cnt;
    }
    
    inline void build()
    {
        New(-inf), New(inf);
        root = 1;
        s[1].r = 2;
        upd(root);
        return;
    }
    
    inline void zig(ll &p)
    {
        ll q = s[p].l;
        s[p].l = s[q].r, s[q].r = p;
        p = q;
        upd(s[p].r);
        upd(p);
    }
    
    inline void zag(ll &p)
    {
        ll q = s[p].r;
        s[p].r = s[q].l, s[q].l = p;
        p = q;
        upd(s[p].l);
        upd(p);
    }
    
    inline void add(ll &p, ll x)
    {
        if (p == 0)
        {
            p = New(x);
            return;
        }
        if (s[p].v == x)
        {
            s[p].cnt++;
            upd(p);
            return;
        }
        if (s[p].v < x)
        {
            add(s[p].r, x);
            if (s[p].rk < s[s[p].r].rk)
                zag(p);
        }
        if (s[p].v > x)
        {
            add(s[p].l, x);
            if (s[p].rk < s[s[p].l].rk)
                zig(p);
        }
    
        upd(p);
    }
    
    inline void delt(ll &p, ll x)
    {
        if (p == 0)
            return;
        if (s[p].v == x)
        {
            if (s[p].cnt > 1)
            {
                s[p].cnt--;
                upd(p);
                return;
            }
            if (s[p].l || s[p].r)
            {
                if (s[p].r == 0 || s[s[p].l].rk > s[s[p].r].rk)
                {
                    zig(p);
                    delt(s[p].r, x);
                }
                else
                {
                    zag(p);
                    delt(s[p].l, x);
                }
                upd(p);
            }
            else
                p = 0;
            return;
        }
        if (s[p].v < x)
        {
            delt(s[p].r, x);
            upd(p);
            return;
        }
        if (s[p].v > x)
        {
            delt(s[p].l, x);
            upd(p);
            return;
        }
    }
    
    inline ll getrank(ll p, ll x)
    {
        if (p == 0)
            return 0;
        if (s[p].v == x)
        {
            return s[s[p].l].siz + 1;
        }
        if (s[p].v > x)
        {
            return getrank(s[p].l, x);
        }
        else
        {
            return getrank(s[p].r, x) + s[s[p].l].siz + s[p].cnt;
        }
    }
    
    inline ll getval(ll p, ll x)
    {
        if (p == 0)
            return inf;
        if (s[s[p].l].siz >= x)
        {
            return getval(s[p].l, x);
        }
        if (s[s[p].l].siz + s[p].cnt >= x)
        {
            return s[p].v;
        }
        else
        {
            return getval(s[p].r, x - s[s[p].l].siz - s[p].cnt);
        }
    }
    
    inline ll getpre(ll x)
    {
        ll ans = 1;
        ll p = root;
        while (p)
        {
            if (x == s[p].v)
            {
                if (s[p].l)
                {
                    p = s[p].l;
                    while (s[p].r)
                        p = s[p].r;
                    ans = p;
                }
                break;
            }
            if (s[p].v < x && s[p].v > s[ans].v)
                ans = p;
            if (x < s[p].v)
                p = s[p].l;
            else
                p = s[p].r;
        }
        return s[ans].v;
    }
    
    inline ll getnxt(ll x)
    {
        ll ans = 2;
        ll p = root;
        while (p)
        {
            if (x == s[p].v)
            {
                if (s[p].r)
                {
                    p = s[p].r;
                    while (s[p].l)
                        p = s[p].l;
                    ans = p;
                }
                break;
            }
            if (s[p].v > x && s[p].v < s[ans].v)
                ans = p;
            if (x < s[p].v)
                p = s[p].l;
            else
                p = s[p].r;
        }
        return s[ans].v;
    }
    
    int main()
    {
        build();
        n = read();
        for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
        {
            ll op = read(), x = read();
            if (op == 1)
                add(root, x);
            if (op == 2)
                delt(root, x);
            if (op == 3)
                printf("%lld\n", getrank(root, x) - 1);
            if (op == 4)
                printf("%lld\n", getval(root, x + 1));
            if (op == 5)
                printf("%lld\n", getpre(x));
            if (op == 6)
                printf("%lld\n", getnxt(x));
        }
        return 0;
    }
    
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/EdisonBa/p/14948605.html
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