1. 形式
will 是一个形态动词, 第三人称单数不加-s; 疑问句和否定句的构成不用do;will后面用不带to的动词不定式。
Will the train be on time? 火车会准时到达吗?
Do you think it'll rain? 你认为会下雨吗?
It won't rain. 不会下雨。
2. 表示未来的助动词
在我们谈论未来时,will 可以用作助动词。
I will be happy when this is finished. 把这件事做完,我就高兴了。
This time tomorrow I'll be sitting in the sun. 明天这个时候,我正坐着晒太阳。
He will have finished the whole job by this evening. 他今天晚上就把整个工作做完了。
3. 肯定
Will 可以表示对现在或将来的情况肯定或有信心。
As I'm sure you will understand, we cannot wait any longer for our order.我肯定你会理解, 我们不能再等待命令了。
Don't phone them now-- they‘ll be having dinner. 现在不要给他们打电话--他们一定在吃饭。
There's somebody coming up the stairs,~ That'll be mary. 有人上楼了。 ~ 那肯定是玛丽。
Tomorrow will be cloudy, with some rain. 明天多云,有时有雨。
will have +过去分词表示过去
Dear Sir, You will recently have received a form. 亲爱的先生,最近您一定收到了一份表。
We can't go and see them now -- they'll have gone to bed. 现在我们不能去看他们--- 他们一定睡觉了。
4. 意愿和决定、
will 可以表示说话人的意愿,或宣布一个决定。
Can somebody help me? ~ I will. 谁能帮我一下吗? ~ 我来。
There's the doorbell. ~ I’ll go. 门铃响了,我去开门。
will 也可以表示坚定的意图、诺言或威胁。
I really will stop smoking. 我真的要戒烟了。
I'll definitely pay you back next week. 下个星期我肯定会把钱还你。
I'll kill her for this. 为这事我非杀了她不可。
我们可以用will not 或者won't 来表示不愿意或拒绝。
She won't open the door. 她拒不开门。
Given me a kiss. ~ No, I won't. 亲亲我吧~~ 不,我不亲。
The car won't start. 汽车发动不起来了。
Would not 可以指过去的拒绝。
She wouldn't open the door. 她拒不开门。
The car wouldn't start this morning. 今天上午这辆车发动不起来。
5. 要求、命令和给予
我们可以用will you 告诉人们该做什么事。
will you send me the bill, please? 请您把帐单给我送来,好吗?
Come this way, will you? 请这边走,好吗?
Will you be quiet! 请你安静点。
Would you 语气更婉转、更客气些。
Would you send me the bill, please? 请把帐单给我送过来,好吗?
Come this way, would you? 请您走这边,好吗?
Will you ... ? 表示询问人们的愿望。
Will you have some more potatoes? 你想再要点土豆吗?
What will you drink? 你想喝点什么?
Won't you ... ? 表示恳切的提议。
Won't you have some more wine? 再喝点葡萄酒好吗?
will 可以在肯定结构中来下达不带个人感情的,军队式的命令。
All staff will submit weekly reports. 所有的工作人员都必须呈交每周的进度报告。
6. 与现实拉开距离: I‘ll have to ask you...
通过“与现实拉开距离”, 指示和命令可以变得较为婉转————例如,通过使用will 来把指示和命令移位至将来。
I'm afraid you'll need to fill in this form. 恐怕你需要填一填这份表格了。
I'll have to ask you to wait a minute. 我得请你等一会儿。
有时候will 用来说明要付多少钱。
That will be $ 1.65, please. 总共要付1.65美元。
7. 典型行为
我们可以用will来谈论典型的行为
She'll talking to herself for hours. 她能坐着自言自语几个小时。
When you look at clouds they will often remind you of animals. 你观察云彩时,往往会联想到动物。
If something breaks down and you kick it, it will often start working again. 如果某件东西出了毛病,你踢它一脚,它往往会好了。
Sulphuric acid will dissolve most metals. 硫酸能溶解大多数金属。
重读的will 可以用来批评人们的典型行为
She WILL fall in love with the wrong people. 她谈恋爱老找错人。
Well, if you WILL keep telling people what you think of them... 嗯,你要是老告诉人们你对他们的看法...
8. will 和want
Will 和want 均可以用来谈论愿望,但是两者有很大的不同。will 大多数用于“人际交往”,来表示愿望,而这种愿望通过命令、要求、给予、保证等影响别人。 want 仅仅指人们的愿望---仅此而已。
--will you open the window? 请你打开窗户好吗? (命令)
Do you want to open the window? 你想要打开窗户吗?(询问某人是否有此愿望)
--She won't tell anybody. (= she refuses to ...)她不会告诉任何人的。
She doesn't want to tell anybody. (= She prefers not to ... ) 她不想告诉任何人。
请注意, will 不能与直接宾语连用。
Do you want / would you like an aspirin? 你想吃一片阿斯匹林吗?
(不能说: Will you an adpirin?)