spring bean自动装配

说到spring自动装配的bean大伙都比较了解，@Autowired不就完了么。哈哈，今天我在review的时候发现了这个问题，小伙伴看下代码：

@Bean
    public List<PlatformCheck> platformCheckList() {
        Map<String, PlatformCheck> result = applicationContext.getBeansOfType(PlatformCheck.class);
        List<PlatformCheck> list = new ArrayList<>(result.values());
        list.sort(Comparator.comparingInt(PlatformCheck::getOrder));
        for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
            PlatformCheck platformCheck = list.get(i);
            log.info("PlatformCheck类：{} 已经加载, order：{}", platformCheck.getClass().getName(), platformCheck.getOrder());
        }
        return list;
    }

上面代码配置一个bean

@Component
public class AuthenticationHandler {
    private final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(AuthenticationHandler.class);
    @Autowiredpublic List<PlatformCheck> platformCheckList;
    public List<Function<ContextBridge, Boolean>> loginContextInitialization;
    @Autowired
    public LoginContextCollection loginContextCollection;

上面的代码将配置的bean自动注入进来。上面的程序会正确运行么？

突然看上去其实就有些心里疑问的，List<PlatformCheck>一定会被注册进来；但是注册究竟是不是上面配置的名为platformCheckList这个bean呢。

答案在这：

populateBean
默认6个beanPostProcess的第5个：AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor#postProcessProperties
AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor#findAutowiringMetadata
AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor#inject方法中开始遍历成员变量，开始真正的注入流程。
public void inject(Object target, @Nullable String beanName, @Nullable PropertyValues pvs) throws Throwable {
        Collection<InjectedElement> checkedElements = this.checkedElements;
        Collection<InjectedElement> elementsToIterate =
                (checkedElements != null ? checkedElements : this.injectedElements);
        if (!elementsToIterate.isEmpty()) {
            for (InjectedElement element : elementsToIterate) {
                if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
                    logger.trace("Processing injected element of bean '" + beanName + "': " + element);
                }
                element.inject(target, beanName, pvs);
            }
        }
    }
还会进入第二个AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor#inject方法：
@Override
        protected void inject(Object bean, @Nullable String beanName, @Nullable PropertyValues pvs) throws Throwable {
            Field field = (Field) this.member;
            Object value;
            if (this.cached) {
                value = resolvedCachedArgument(beanName, this.cachedFieldValue);
            }
            else {
                DependencyDescriptor desc = new DependencyDescriptor(field, this.required);
                desc.setContainingClass(bean.getClass());
                Set<String> autowiredBeanNames = new LinkedHashSet<>(1);
                Assert.state(beanFactory != null, "No BeanFactory available");
                TypeConverter typeConverter = beanFactory.getTypeConverter();
                try {
                    value = beanFactory.resolveDependency(desc, beanName, autowiredBeanNames, typeConverter);
                }
                catch (BeansException ex) {
                    throw new UnsatisfiedDependencyException(null, beanName, new InjectionPoint(field), ex);
                }
                synchronized (this) {
                    if (!this.cached) {
                        if (value != null || this.required) {
                            this.cachedFieldValue = desc;
                            registerDependentBeans(beanName, autowiredBeanNames);
                            if (autowiredBeanNames.size() == 1) {
                                String autowiredBeanName = autowiredBeanNames.iterator().next();
                                if (beanFactory.containsBean(autowiredBeanName) &&
                                        beanFactory.isTypeMatch(autowiredBeanName, field.getType())) {
                                    this.cachedFieldValue = new ShortcutDependencyDescriptor(
                                            desc, autowiredBeanName, field.getType());
                                }
                            }
                        }
                        else {
                            this.cachedFieldValue = null;
                        }
                        this.cached = true;
                    }
                }
            }
            if (value != null) {
                ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible(field);
                field.set(bean, value);
            }
        }
    }
DefaultListableBeanFactory#resolveDependency，进入else。
public Object resolveDependency(DependencyDescriptor descriptor, @Nullable String requestingBeanName,
            @Nullable Set<String> autowiredBeanNames, @Nullable TypeConverter typeConverter) throws BeansException {

        descriptor.initParameterNameDiscovery(getParameterNameDiscoverer());
        if (Optional.class == descriptor.getDependencyType()) {
            return createOptionalDependency(descriptor, requestingBeanName);
        }
        else if (ObjectFactory.class == descriptor.getDependencyType() ||
                ObjectProvider.class == descriptor.getDependencyType()) {
            return new DependencyObjectProvider(descriptor, requestingBeanName);
        }
        else if (javaxInjectProviderClass == descriptor.getDependencyType()) {
            return new Jsr330Factory().createDependencyProvider(descriptor, requestingBeanName);
        }
        else {
            Object result = getAutowireCandidateResolver().getLazyResolutionProxyIfNecessary(
                    descriptor, requestingBeanName);
            if (result == null) {
                result = doResolveDependency(descriptor, requestingBeanName, autowiredBeanNames, typeConverter);
            }
            return result;
        }
    }
DefaultListableBeanFactory#doResolveDependency，进入之后会判断当前的属性的类型：
public Object doResolveDependency(DependencyDescriptor descriptor, @Nullable String beanName,
            @Nullable Set<String> autowiredBeanNames, @Nullable TypeConverter typeConverter) throws BeansException {

        InjectionPoint previousInjectionPoint = ConstructorResolver.setCurrentInjectionPoint(descriptor);
        try {
            Object shortcut = descriptor.resolveShortcut(this);
            if (shortcut != null) {
                return shortcut;
            }

            Class<?> type = descriptor.getDependencyType();
            Object value = getAutowireCandidateResolver().getSuggestedValue(descriptor);
            if (value != null) {
                if (value instanceof String) {
                    String strVal = resolveEmbeddedValue((String) value);
                    BeanDefinition bd = (beanName != null && containsBean(beanName) ?
                            getMergedBeanDefinition(beanName) : null);
                    value = evaluateBeanDefinitionString(strVal, bd);
                }
                TypeConverter converter = (typeConverter != null ? typeConverter : getTypeConverter());
                try {
                    return converter.convertIfNecessary(value, type, descriptor.getTypeDescriptor());
                }
                catch (UnsupportedOperationException ex) {
                    // A custom TypeConverter which does not support TypeDescriptor resolution...
                    return (descriptor.getField() != null ?
                            converter.convertIfNecessary(value, type, descriptor.getField()) :
                            converter.convertIfNecessary(value, type, descriptor.getMethodParameter()));
                }
            }

            Object multipleBeans = resolveMultipleBeans(descriptor, beanName, autowiredBeanNames, typeConverter);//调用这里
            if (multipleBeans != null) {
                return multipleBeans;
            }

            Map<String, Object> matchingBeans = findAutowireCandidates(beanName, type, descriptor);
            if (matchingBeans.isEmpty()) {
                if (isRequired(descriptor)) {
                    raiseNoMatchingBeanFound(type, descriptor.getResolvableType(), descriptor);
                }
                return null;
            }

            String autowiredBeanName;
            Object instanceCandidate;

            if (matchingBeans.size() > 1) {
                autowiredBeanName = determineAutowireCandidate(matchingBeans, descriptor);
                if (autowiredBeanName == null) {
                    if (isRequired(descriptor) || !indicatesMultipleBeans(type)) {
                        return descriptor.resolveNotUnique(descriptor.getResolvableType(), matchingBeans);
                    }
                    else {
                        // In case of an optional Collection/Map, silently ignore a non-unique case:
                        // possibly it was meant to be an empty collection of multiple regular beans
                        // (before 4.3 in particular when we didn't even look for collection beans).
                        return null;
                    }
                }
                instanceCandidate = matchingBeans.get(autowiredBeanName);
            }
            else {
                // We have exactly one match.
                Map.Entry<String, Object> entry = matchingBeans.entrySet().iterator().next();
                autowiredBeanName = entry.getKey();
                instanceCandidate = entry.getValue();
            }

            if (autowiredBeanNames != null) {
                autowiredBeanNames.add(autowiredBeanName);
            }
            if (instanceCandidate instanceof Class) {
                instanceCandidate = descriptor.resolveCandidate(autowiredBeanName, type, this);
            }
            Object result = instanceCandidate;
            if (result instanceof NullBean) {
                if (isRequired(descriptor)) {
                    raiseNoMatchingBeanFound(type, descriptor.getResolvableType(), descriptor);
                }
                result = null;
            }
            if (!ClassUtils.isAssignableValue(type, result)) {
                throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(autowiredBeanName, type, instanceCandidate.getClass());
            }
            return result;
        }
        finally {
            ConstructorResolver.setCurrentInjectionPoint(previousInjectionPoint);
        }
    }
DefaultListableBeanFactory#resolveMultipleBeans，进入如果是List就会去找多个bean进行匹配：
private Object resolveMultipleBeans(DependencyDescriptor descriptor, @Nullable String beanName,
            @Nullable Set<String> autowiredBeanNames, @Nullable TypeConverter typeConverter) {

        final Class<?> type = descriptor.getDependencyType();

        if (descriptor instanceof StreamDependencyDescriptor) {
            Map<String, Object> matchingBeans = findAutowireCandidates(beanName, type, descriptor);
            if (autowiredBeanNames != null) {
                autowiredBeanNames.addAll(matchingBeans.keySet());
            }
            Stream<Object> stream = matchingBeans.keySet().stream()
                    .map(name -> descriptor.resolveCandidate(name, type, this))
                    .filter(bean -> !(bean instanceof NullBean));
            if (((StreamDependencyDescriptor) descriptor).isOrdered()) {
                stream = stream.sorted(adaptOrderComparator(matchingBeans));
            }
            return stream;
        }
        else if (type.isArray()) {
            Class<?> componentType = type.getComponentType();
            ResolvableType resolvableType = descriptor.getResolvableType();
            Class<?> resolvedArrayType = resolvableType.resolve(type);
            if (resolvedArrayType != type) {
                componentType = resolvableType.getComponentType().resolve();
            }
            if (componentType == null) {
                return null;
            }
            Map<String, Object> matchingBeans = findAutowireCandidates(beanName, componentType,
                    new MultiElementDescriptor(descriptor));
            if (matchingBeans.isEmpty()) {
                return null;
            }
            if (autowiredBeanNames != null) {
                autowiredBeanNames.addAll(matchingBeans.keySet());
            }
            TypeConverter converter = (typeConverter != null ? typeConverter : getTypeConverter());
            Object result = converter.convertIfNecessary(matchingBeans.values(), resolvedArrayType);
            if (result instanceof Object[]) {
                Comparator<Object> comparator = adaptDependencyComparator(matchingBeans);
                if (comparator != null) {
                    Arrays.sort((Object[]) result, comparator);
                }
            }
            return result;
        }
        else if (Collection.class.isAssignableFrom(type) && type.isInterface()) {//这里执行
            Class<?> elementType = descriptor.getResolvableType().asCollection().resolveGeneric();
            if (elementType == null) {
                return null;
            }
            Map<String, Object> matchingBeans = findAutowireCandidates(beanName, elementType,
                    new MultiElementDescriptor(descriptor));//在这里调用
            if (matchingBeans.isEmpty()) {
                return null;
            }
            if (autowiredBeanNames != null) {
                autowiredBeanNames.addAll(matchingBeans.keySet());
            }
            TypeConverter converter = (typeConverter != null ? typeConverter : getTypeConverter());
            Object result = converter.convertIfNecessary(matchingBeans.values(), type);
            if (result instanceof List) {
                Comparator<Object> comparator = adaptDependencyComparator(matchingBeans);
                if (comparator != null) {
                    ((List<?>) result).sort(comparator);
                }
            }
            return result;
        }
        else if (Map.class == type) {
            ResolvableType mapType = descriptor.getResolvableType().asMap();
            Class<?> keyType = mapType.resolveGeneric(0);
            if (String.class != keyType) {
                return null;
            }
            Class<?> valueType = mapType.resolveGeneric(1);
            if (valueType == null) {
                return null;
            }
            Map<String, Object> matchingBeans = findAutowireCandidates(beanName, valueType,
                    new MultiElementDescriptor(descriptor));
            if (matchingBeans.isEmpty()) {
                return null;
            }
            if (autowiredBeanNames != null) {
                autowiredBeanNames.addAll(matchingBeans.keySet());
            }
            return matchingBeans;
        }
        else {
            return null;
        }
    }

DefaultListableBeanFactory#findAutowireCandidates，寻找自动注入的后续bean
protected Map<String, Object> findAutowireCandidates(
            @Nullable String beanName, Class<?> requiredType, DependencyDescriptor descriptor) {

        String[] candidateNames = BeanFactoryUtils.beanNamesForTypeIncludingAncestors(
                this, requiredType, true, descriptor.isEager());
        Map<String, Object> result = new LinkedHashMap<>(candidateNames.length);
        for (Map.Entry<Class<?>, Object> classObjectEntry : this.resolvableDependencies.entrySet()) {
            Class<?> autowiringType = classObjectEntry.getKey();
            if (autowiringType.isAssignableFrom(requiredType)) {
                Object autowiringValue = classObjectEntry.getValue();
                autowiringValue = AutowireUtils.resolveAutowiringValue(autowiringValue, requiredType);
                if (requiredType.isInstance(autowiringValue)) {
                    result.put(ObjectUtils.identityToString(autowiringValue), autowiringValue);
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        for (String candidate : candidateNames) {
            if (!isSelfReference(beanName, candidate) && isAutowireCandidate(candidate, descriptor)) {
                addCandidateEntry(result, candidate, descriptor, requiredType);
            }
        }
        if (result.isEmpty()) {
            boolean multiple = indicatesMultipleBeans(requiredType);
            // Consider fallback matches if the first pass failed to find anything...
            DependencyDescriptor fallbackDescriptor = descriptor.forFallbackMatch();
            for (String candidate : candidateNames) {
                if (!isSelfReference(beanName, candidate) && isAutowireCandidate(candidate, fallbackDescriptor) &&
                        (!multiple || getAutowireCandidateResolver().hasQualifier(descriptor))) {
                    addCandidateEntry(result, candidate, descriptor, requiredType);
                }
            }
            if (result.isEmpty() && !multiple) {
                // Consider self references as a final pass...
                // but in the case of a dependency collection, not the very same bean itself.
                for (String candidate : candidateNames) {
                    if (isSelfReference(beanName, candidate) &&
                            (!(descriptor instanceof MultiElementDescriptor) || !beanName.equals(candidate)) &&
                            isAutowireCandidate(candidate, fallbackDescriptor)) {
                        addCandidateEntry(result, candidate, descriptor, requiredType);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

doResolveDependency核心逻辑还是看下这里，如果是List类型接口装配，使用指定具体bean名称，Object multipleBeans = resolveMultipleBeans这个方法会返回null
那么接下来会在Map<String, Object> matchingBeans = findAutowireCandidates(beanName, type, descriptor);方法中找到实际的bean的名称去装配。
如果没有指定bean的名称进行装配，代码就会走到findAutowireCandidates方法的这个位置：
for (String candidate : candidateNames) {
            if (!isSelfReference(beanName, candidate) && isAutowireCandidate(candidate, descriptor)) {
                addCandidateEntry(result, candidate, descriptor, requiredType);
            }
        }
那么有几个类型，就会被add进List。