http://www.quartz-scheduler.org/documentation/quartz-2.x/tutorials/crontrigger.html
task:scheduled
org.springframework.scheduling.support.CronSequenceGenerator.parse
/** * Parse the given pattern expression. */ private void parse(String expression) throws IllegalArgumentException { String[] fields = StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(expression, " "); if (fields.length != 6) { throw new IllegalArgumentException(String.format( "Cron expression must consist of 6 fields (found %d in "%s")", fields.length, expression)); } setNumberHits(this.seconds, fields[0], 0, 60); setNumberHits(this.minutes, fields[1], 0, 60); setNumberHits(this.hours, fields[2], 0, 24); setDaysOfMonth(this.daysOfMonth, fields[3]); setMonths(this.months, fields[4]); setDays(this.daysOfWeek, replaceOrdinals(fields[5], "SUN,MON,TUE,WED,THU,FRI,SAT"), 8); if (this.daysOfWeek.get(7)) { // Sunday can be represented as 0 or 7 this.daysOfWeek.set(0); this.daysOfWeek.clear(7); } }
cron="* * * * * *"
1. 只能有6个域
2. 域之间通过空格拆分
3. 六个域分别是：
- seconds 0-59
- minutes 0-59
- hours 0-23
- daysOfMonth 1-31
- months 1-12 or JAN-DEC
- daysOfWeek 0-7 or SUN-SAT
4. daysOfWeek 由固定顺序的[SUN,MON,TUE,WED,THU,FRI,SAT] 替换域中出现的星期
5. daysOfWeek 用英文缩写时不区分大小写
6. daysOfWeek 用数字时，0 和 7 都代表星期日。7最终会被0代替。
7. daysOfWeek 和 daysOfMonth 中可以使用 【?】 但最终会被 【*】 代替
8. range 可用 【-】 表示，前后必须是域的可用值
9. range 【-】和【? or *】联用，【-】会被忽略
10. 【,】可以连接多个子域，为并集关系，但不存在重复值
11. 【/】是一个子域 ，比如 seconds 50/2 ，50会扩展为50-59，然后从中挑选50,52,54,56,58
12. 【/】 是一个子域，比如 seconds 50-58/4 or */4 扩展为0-59/4 or 20-*/4 扩展为0-59/4 ，有*出现则忽略其他
12. 多子域情况，daysOfMonth 1,2,15-17,20-31/2 代表：1, 2, 15, 16, 17, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30
CronSequenceGenerator源码
/* * Copyright 2002-2013 the original author or authors. * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */ package org.springframework.scheduling.support; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.BitSet; import java.util.Calendar; import java.util.Collections; import java.util.Date; import java.util.GregorianCalendar; import java.util.List; import java.util.TimeZone; import org.springframework.util.StringUtils; /** * Date sequence generator for a <a href="http://www.manpagez.com/man/5/crontab/">Crontab pattern</a>, * allowing clients to specify a pattern that the sequence matches. * * <p>The pattern is a list of six single space-separated fields: representing * second, minute, hour, day, month, weekday. Month and weekday names can be * given as the first three letters of the English names. * * <p>Example patterns: * <ul> * <li>"0 0 * * * *" = the top of every hour of every day.</li> * <li>"*/10 * * * * *" = every ten seconds.</li> * <li>"0 0 8-10 * * *" = 8, 9 and 10 o'clock of every day.</li> * <li>"0 0/30 8-10 * * *" = 8:00, 8:30, 9:00, 9:30 and 10 o'clock every day.</li> * <li>"0 0 9-17 * * MON-FRI" = on the hour nine-to-five weekdays</li> * <li>"0 0 0 25 12 ?" = every Christmas Day at midnight</li> * </ul> * * @author Dave Syer * @author Juergen Hoeller * @since 3.0 * @see CronTrigger */ public class CronSequenceGenerator { private final BitSet seconds = new BitSet(60); private final BitSet minutes = new BitSet(60); private final BitSet hours = new BitSet(24); private final BitSet daysOfWeek = new BitSet(7); private final BitSet daysOfMonth = new BitSet(31); private final BitSet months = new BitSet(12); private final String expression; private final TimeZone timeZone; /** * Construct a {@link CronSequenceGenerator} from the pattern provided, * using the default {@link TimeZone}. * @param expression a space-separated list of time fields * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the pattern cannot be parsed * @see java.util.TimeZone#getDefault() */ public CronSequenceGenerator(String expression) { this(expression, TimeZone.getDefault()); } /** * Construct a {@link CronSequenceGenerator} from the pattern provided, * using the specified {@link TimeZone}. * @param expression a space-separated list of time fields * @param timeZone the TimeZone to use for generated trigger times * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the pattern cannot be parsed */ public CronSequenceGenerator(String expression, TimeZone timeZone) { this.expression = expression; this.timeZone = timeZone; parse(expression); } /** * Get the next {@link Date} in the sequence matching the Cron pattern and * after the value provided. The return value will have a whole number of * seconds, and will be after the input value. * @param date a seed value * @return the next value matching the pattern */ public Date next(Date date) { /* The plan: 1 Round up to the next whole second 2 If seconds match move on, otherwise find the next match: 2.1 If next match is in the next minute then roll forwards 3 If minute matches move on, otherwise find the next match 3.1 If next match is in the next hour then roll forwards 3.2 Reset the seconds and go to 2 4 If hour matches move on, otherwise find the next match 4.1 If next match is in the next day then roll forwards, 4.2 Reset the minutes and seconds and go to 2 ... */ Calendar calendar = new GregorianCalendar(); calendar.setTimeZone(this.timeZone); calendar.setTime(date); // First, just reset the milliseconds and try to calculate from there... calendar.set(Calendar.MILLISECOND, 0); long originalTimestamp = calendar.getTimeInMillis(); doNext(calendar, calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR)); if (calendar.getTimeInMillis() == originalTimestamp) { // We arrived at the original timestamp - round up to the next whole second and try again... calendar.add(Calendar.SECOND, 1); doNext(calendar, calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR)); } return calendar.getTime(); } private void doNext(Calendar calendar, int dot) { List<Integer> resets = new ArrayList<Integer>(); int second = calendar.get(Calendar.SECOND); List<Integer> emptyList = Collections.emptyList(); int updateSecond = findNext(this.seconds, second, calendar, Calendar.SECOND, Calendar.MINUTE, emptyList); if (second == updateSecond) { resets.add(Calendar.SECOND); } int minute = calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE); int updateMinute = findNext(this.minutes, minute, calendar, Calendar.MINUTE, Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, resets); if (minute == updateMinute) { resets.add(Calendar.MINUTE); } else { doNext(calendar, dot); } int hour = calendar.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY); int updateHour = findNext(this.hours, hour, calendar, Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK, resets); if (hour == updateHour) { resets.add(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY); } else { doNext(calendar, dot); } int dayOfWeek = calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK); int dayOfMonth = calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH); int updateDayOfMonth = findNextDay(calendar, this.daysOfMonth, dayOfMonth, daysOfWeek, dayOfWeek, resets); if (dayOfMonth == updateDayOfMonth) { resets.add(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH); } else { doNext(calendar, dot); } int month = calendar.get(Calendar.MONTH); int updateMonth = findNext(this.months, month, calendar, Calendar.MONTH, Calendar.YEAR, resets); if (month != updateMonth) { if (calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR) - dot > 4) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid cron expression "" + this.expression + "" led to runaway search for next trigger"); } doNext(calendar, dot); } } private int findNextDay(Calendar calendar, BitSet daysOfMonth, int dayOfMonth, BitSet daysOfWeek, int dayOfWeek, List<Integer> resets) { int count = 0; int max = 366; // the DAY_OF_WEEK values in java.util.Calendar start with 1 (Sunday), // but in the cron pattern, they start with 0, so we subtract 1 here while ((!daysOfMonth.get(dayOfMonth) || !daysOfWeek.get(dayOfWeek - 1)) && count++ < max) { calendar.add(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, 1); dayOfMonth = calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH); dayOfWeek = calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK); reset(calendar, resets); } if (count >= max) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Overflow in day for expression "" + this.expression + """); } return dayOfMonth; } /** * Search the bits provided for the next set bit after the value provided, * and reset the calendar. * @param bits a {@link BitSet} representing the allowed values of the field * @param value the current value of the field * @param calendar the calendar to increment as we move through the bits * @param field the field to increment in the calendar (@see * {@link Calendar} for the static constants defining valid fields) * @param lowerOrders the Calendar field ids that should be reset (i.e. the * ones of lower significance than the field of interest) * @return the value of the calendar field that is next in the sequence */ private int findNext(BitSet bits, int value, Calendar calendar, int field, int nextField, List<Integer> lowerOrders) { int nextValue = bits.nextSetBit(value); // roll over if needed if (nextValue == -1) { calendar.add(nextField, 1); reset(calendar, Arrays.asList(field)); nextValue = bits.nextSetBit(0); } if (nextValue != value) { calendar.set(field, nextValue); reset(calendar, lowerOrders); } return nextValue; } /** * Reset the calendar setting all the fields provided to zero. */ private void reset(Calendar calendar, List<Integer> fields) { for (int field : fields) { calendar.set(field, field == Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH ? 1 : 0); } } // Parsing logic invoked by the constructor /** * Parse the given pattern expression. */ private void parse(String expression) throws IllegalArgumentException { String[] fields = StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(expression, " "); if (fields.length != 6) { throw new IllegalArgumentException(String.format( "Cron expression must consist of 6 fields (found %d in "%s")", fields.length, expression)); } setNumberHits(this.seconds, fields[0], 0, 60); setNumberHits(this.minutes, fields[1], 0, 60); setNumberHits(this.hours, fields[2], 0, 24); setDaysOfMonth(this.daysOfMonth, fields[3]); setMonths(this.months, fields[4]); setDays(this.daysOfWeek, replaceOrdinals(fields[5], "SUN,MON,TUE,WED,THU,FRI,SAT"), 8); if (this.daysOfWeek.get(7)) { // Sunday can be represented as 0 or 7 this.daysOfWeek.set(0); this.daysOfWeek.clear(7); } } /** * Replace the values in the commaSeparatedList (case insensitive) with * their index in the list. * @return a new string with the values from the list replaced */ private String replaceOrdinals(String value, String commaSeparatedList) { String[] list = StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray(commaSeparatedList); for (int i = 0; i < list.length; i++) { String item = list[i].toUpperCase(); value = StringUtils.replace(value.toUpperCase(), item, "" + i); } return value; } private void setDaysOfMonth(BitSet bits, String field) { int max = 31; // Days of month start with 1 (in Cron and Calendar) so add one setDays(bits, field, max + 1); // ... and remove it from the front bits.clear(0); } private void setDays(BitSet bits, String field, int max) { if (field.contains("?")) { field = "*"; } setNumberHits(bits, field, 0, max); } private void setMonths(BitSet bits, String value) { int max = 12; value = replaceOrdinals(value, "FOO,JAN,FEB,MAR,APR,MAY,JUN,JUL,AUG,SEP,OCT,NOV,DEC"); BitSet months = new BitSet(13); // Months start with 1 in Cron and 0 in Calendar, so push the values first into a longer bit set setNumberHits(months, value, 1, max + 1); // ... and then rotate it to the front of the months for (int i = 1; i <= max; i++) { if (months.get(i)) { bits.set(i - 1); } } } private void setNumberHits(BitSet bits, String value, int min, int max) { String[] fields = StringUtils.delimitedListToStringArray(value, ","); for (String field : fields) { if (!field.contains("/")) { // Not an incrementer so it must be a range (possibly empty) int[] range = getRange(field, min, max); bits.set(range[0], range[1] + 1); } else { String[] split = StringUtils.delimitedListToStringArray(field, "/"); if (split.length > 2) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Incrementer has more than two fields: '" + field + "' in expression "" + this.expression + """); } int[] range = getRange(split[0], min, max); if (!split[0].contains("-")) { range[1] = max - 1; } int delta = Integer.valueOf(split[1]); for (int i = range[0]; i <= range[1]; i += delta) { bits.set(i); } } } } private int[] getRange(String field, int min, int max) { int[] result = new int[2]; if (field.contains("*")) { result[0] = min; result[1] = max - 1; return result; } if (!field.contains("-")) { result[0] = result[1] = Integer.valueOf(field); } else { String[] split = StringUtils.delimitedListToStringArray(field, "-"); if (split.length > 2) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Range has more than two fields: '" + field + "' in expression "" + this.expression + """); } result[0] = Integer.valueOf(split[0]); result[1] = Integer.valueOf(split[1]); } if (result[0] >= max || result[1] >= max) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Range exceeds maximum (" + max + "): '" + field + "' in expression "" + this.expression + """); } if (result[0] < min || result[1] < min) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Range less than minimum (" + min + "): '" + field + "' in expression "" + this.expression + """); } return result; } String getExpression() { return this.expression; } @Override public boolean equals(Object obj) { if (!(obj instanceof CronSequenceGenerator)) { return false; } CronSequenceGenerator cron = (CronSequenceGenerator) obj; return cron.months.equals(this.months) && cron.daysOfMonth.equals(this.daysOfMonth) && cron.daysOfWeek.equals(this.daysOfWeek) && cron.hours.equals(this.hours) && cron.minutes.equals(this.minutes) && cron.seconds.equals(this.seconds); } @Override public int hashCode() { return 37 + 17 * this.months.hashCode() + 29 * this.daysOfMonth.hashCode() + 37 * this.daysOfWeek.hashCode() + 41 * this.hours.hashCode() + 53 * this.minutes.hashCode() + 61 * this.seconds.hashCode(); } @Override public String toString() { return getClass().getSimpleName() + ": " + this.expression; } }
补充 org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerFactoryBean
CronExpression 的 buildExpression 方法
/* * All content copyright Terracotta, Inc., unless otherwise indicated. All rights reserved. * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not * use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy * of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT * WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the * License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations * under the License. * */ package org.quartz; import java.io.Serializable; import java.text.ParseException; import java.util.Calendar; import java.util.Date; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Iterator; import java.util.Locale; import java.util.Map; import java.util.SortedSet; import java.util.StringTokenizer; import java.util.TimeZone; import java.util.TreeSet; /** * Provides a parser and evaluator for unix-like cron expressions. Cron * expressions provide the ability to specify complex time combinations such as * "At 8:00am every Monday through Friday" or "At 1:30am every * last Friday of the month". * <P> * Cron expressions are comprised of 6 required fields and one optional field * separated by white space. The fields respectively are described as follows: * * <table cellspacing="8"> * <tr> * <th align="left">Field Name</th> * <th align="left"> </th> * <th align="left">Allowed Values</th> * <th align="left"> </th> * <th align="left">Allowed Special Characters</th> * </tr> * <tr> * <td align="left"><code>Seconds</code></td> * <td align="left"> </th> * <td align="left"><code>0-59</code></td> * <td align="left"> </th> * <td align="left"><code>, - * /</code></td> * </tr> * <tr> * <td align="left"><code>Minutes</code></td> * <td align="left"> </th> * <td align="left"><code>0-59</code></td> * <td align="left"> </th> * <td align="left"><code>, - * /</code></td> * </tr> * <tr> * <td align="left"><code>Hours</code></td> * <td align="left"> </th> * <td align="left"><code>0-23</code></td> * <td align="left"> </th> * <td align="left"><code>, - * /</code></td> * </tr> * <tr> * <td align="left"><code>Day-of-month</code></td> * <td align="left"> </th> * <td align="left"><code>1-31</code></td> * <td align="left"> </th> * <td align="left"><code>, - * ? / L W</code></td> * </tr> * <tr> * <td align="left"><code>Month</code></td> * <td align="left"> </th> * <td align="left"><code>0-11 or JAN-DEC</code></td> * <td align="left"> </th> * <td align="left"><code>, - * /</code></td> * </tr> * <tr> * <td align="left"><code>Day-of-Week</code></td> * <td align="left"> </th> * <td align="left"><code>1-7 or SUN-SAT</code></td> * <td align="left"> </th> * <td align="left"><code>, - * ? / L #</code></td> * </tr> * <tr> * <td align="left"><code>Year (Optional)</code></td> * <td align="left"> </th> * <td align="left"><code>empty, 1970-2199</code></td> * <td align="left"> </th> * <td align="left"><code>, - * /</code></td> * </tr> * </table> * <P> * The '*' character is used to specify all values. For example, "*" * in the minute field means "every minute". * <P> * The '?' character is allowed for the day-of-month and day-of-week fields. It * is used to specify 'no specific value'. This is useful when you need to * specify something in one of the two fields, but not the other. * <P> * The '-' character is used to specify ranges For example "10-12" in * the hour field means "the hours 10, 11 and 12". * <P> * The ',' character is used to specify additional values. For example * "MON,WED,FRI" in the day-of-week field means "the days Monday, * Wednesday, and Friday". * <P> * The '/' character is used to specify increments. For example "0/15" * in the seconds field means "the seconds 0, 15, 30, and 45". And * "5/15" in the seconds field means "the seconds 5, 20, 35, and * 50". Specifying '*' before the '/' is equivalent to specifying 0 is * the value to start with. Essentially, for each field in the expression, there * is a set of numbers that can be turned on or off. For seconds and minutes, * the numbers range from 0 to 59. For hours 0 to 23, for days of the month 0 to * 31, and for months 0 to 11 (JAN to DEC). The "/" character simply helps you turn * on every "nth" value in the given set. Thus "7/6" in the * month field only turns on month "7", it does NOT mean every 6th * month, please note that subtlety. * <P> * The 'L' character is allowed for the day-of-month and day-of-week fields. * This character is short-hand for "last", but it has different * meaning in each of the two fields. For example, the value "L" in * the day-of-month field means "the last day of the month" - day 31 * for January, day 28 for February on non-leap years. If used in the * day-of-week field by itself, it simply means "7" or * "SAT". But if used in the day-of-week field after another value, it * means "the last xxx day of the month" - for example "6L" * means "the last friday of the month". You can also specify an offset * from the last day of the month, such as "L-3" which would mean the third-to-last * day of the calendar month. <i>When using the 'L' option, it is important not to * specify lists, or ranges of values, as you'll get confusing/unexpected results.</i> * <P> * The 'W' character is allowed for the day-of-month field. This character * is used to specify the weekday (Monday-Friday) nearest the given day. As an * example, if you were to specify "15W" as the value for the * day-of-month field, the meaning is: "the nearest weekday to the 15th of * the month". So if the 15th is a Saturday, the trigger will fire on * Friday the 14th. If the 15th is a Sunday, the trigger will fire on Monday the * 16th. If the 15th is a Tuesday, then it will fire on Tuesday the 15th. * However if you specify "1W" as the value for day-of-month, and the * 1st is a Saturday, the trigger will fire on Monday the 3rd, as it will not * 'jump' over the boundary of a month's days. The 'W' character can only be * specified when the day-of-month is a single day, not a range or list of days. * <P> * The 'L' and 'W' characters can also be combined for the day-of-month * expression to yield 'LW', which translates to "last weekday of the * month". * <P> * The '#' character is allowed for the day-of-week field. This character is * used to specify "the nth" XXX day of the month. For example, the * value of "6#3" in the day-of-week field means the third Friday of * the month (day 6 = Friday and "#3" = the 3rd one in the month). * Other examples: "2#1" = the first Monday of the month and * "4#5" = the fifth Wednesday of the month. Note that if you specify * "#5" and there is not 5 of the given day-of-week in the month, then * no firing will occur that month. If the '#' character is used, there can * only be one expression in the day-of-week field ("3#1,6#3" is * not valid, since there are two expressions). * <P> * <!--The 'C' character is allowed for the day-of-month and day-of-week fields. * This character is short-hand for "calendar". This means values are * calculated against the associated calendar, if any. If no calendar is * associated, then it is equivalent to having an all-inclusive calendar. A * value of "5C" in the day-of-month field means "the first day included by the * calendar on or after the 5th". A value of "1C" in the day-of-week field * means "the first day included by the calendar on or after Sunday".--> * <P> * The legal characters and the names of months and days of the week are not * case sensitive. * * <p> * <b>NOTES:</b> * <ul> * <li>Support for specifying both a day-of-week and a day-of-month value is * not complete (you'll need to use the '?' character in one of these fields). * </li> * <li>Overflowing ranges is supported - that is, having a larger number on * the left hand side than the right. You might do 22-2 to catch 10 o'clock * at night until 2 o'clock in the morning, or you might have NOV-FEB. It is * very important to note that overuse of overflowing ranges creates ranges * that don't make sense and no effort has been made to determine which * interpretation CronExpression chooses. An example would be * "0 0 14-6 ? * FRI-MON". </li> * </ul> * </p> * * * @author Sharada Jambula, James House * @author Contributions from Mads Henderson * @author Refactoring from CronTrigger to CronExpression by Aaron Craven */ public final class CronExpression implements Serializable, Cloneable { private static final long serialVersionUID = 12423409423L; protected static final int SECOND = 0; protected static final int MINUTE = 1; protected static final int HOUR = 2; protected static final int DAY_OF_MONTH = 3; protected static final int MONTH = 4; protected static final int DAY_OF_WEEK = 5; protected static final int YEAR = 6; protected static final int ALL_SPEC_INT = 99; // '*' protected static final int NO_SPEC_INT = 98; // '?' protected static final Integer ALL_SPEC = ALL_SPEC_INT; protected static final Integer NO_SPEC = NO_SPEC_INT; protected static final Map<String, Integer> monthMap = new HashMap<String, Integer>(20); protected static final Map<String, Integer> dayMap = new HashMap<String, Integer>(60); static { monthMap.put("JAN", 0); monthMap.put("FEB", 1); monthMap.put("MAR", 2); monthMap.put("APR", 3); monthMap.put("MAY", 4); monthMap.put("JUN", 5); monthMap.put("JUL", 6); monthMap.put("AUG", 7); monthMap.put("SEP", 8); monthMap.put("OCT", 9); monthMap.put("NOV", 10); monthMap.put("DEC", 11); dayMap.put("SUN", 1); dayMap.put("MON", 2); dayMap.put("TUE", 3); dayMap.put("WED", 4); dayMap.put("THU", 5); dayMap.put("FRI", 6); dayMap.put("SAT", 7); } private final String cronExpression; private TimeZone timeZone = null; protected transient TreeSet<Integer> seconds; protected transient TreeSet<Integer> minutes; protected transient TreeSet<Integer> hours; protected transient TreeSet<Integer> daysOfMonth; protected transient TreeSet<Integer> months; protected transient TreeSet<Integer> daysOfWeek; protected transient TreeSet<Integer> years; protected transient boolean lastdayOfWeek = false; protected transient int nthdayOfWeek = 0; protected transient boolean lastdayOfMonth = false; protected transient boolean nearestWeekday = false; protected transient int lastdayOffset = 0; protected transient boolean expressionParsed = false; public static final int MAX_YEAR = Calendar.getInstance().get(Calendar.YEAR) + 100; /** * Constructs a new <CODE>CronExpression</CODE> based on the specified * parameter. * * @param cronExpression String representation of the cron expression the * new object should represent * @throws java.text.ParseException * if the string expression cannot be parsed into a valid * <CODE>CronExpression</CODE> */ public CronExpression(String cronExpression) throws ParseException { if (cronExpression == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("cronExpression cannot be null"); } this.cronExpression = cronExpression.toUpperCase(Locale.US); buildExpression(this.cronExpression); } /** * Constructs a new {@code CronExpression} as a copy of an existing * instance. * * @param expression * The existing cron expression to be copied */ public CronExpression(CronExpression expression) { /* * We don't call the other constructor here since we need to swallow the * ParseException. We also elide some of the sanity checking as it is * not logically trippable. */ this.cronExpression = expression.getCronExpression(); try { buildExpression(cronExpression); } catch (ParseException ex) { throw new AssertionError(); } if (expression.getTimeZone() != null) { setTimeZone((TimeZone) expression.getTimeZone().clone()); } } /** * Indicates whether the given date satisfies the cron expression. Note that * milliseconds are ignored, so two Dates falling on different milliseconds * of the same second will always have the same result here. * * @param date the date to evaluate * @return a boolean indicating whether the given date satisfies the cron * expression */ public boolean isSatisfiedBy(Date date) { Calendar testDateCal = Calendar.getInstance(getTimeZone()); testDateCal.setTime(date); testDateCal.set(Calendar.MILLISECOND, 0); Date originalDate = testDateCal.getTime(); testDateCal.add(Calendar.SECOND, -1); Date timeAfter = getTimeAfter(testDateCal.getTime()); return ((timeAfter != null) && (timeAfter.equals(originalDate))); } /** * Returns the next date/time <I>after</I> the given date/time which * satisfies the cron expression. * * @param date the date/time at which to begin the search for the next valid * date/time * @return the next valid date/time */ public Date getNextValidTimeAfter(Date date) { return getTimeAfter(date); } /** * Returns the next date/time <I>after</I> the given date/time which does * <I>not</I> satisfy the expression * * @param date the date/time at which to begin the search for the next * invalid date/time * @return the next valid date/time */ public Date getNextInvalidTimeAfter(Date date) { long difference = 1000; //move back to the nearest second so differences will be accurate Calendar adjustCal = Calendar.getInstance(getTimeZone()); adjustCal.setTime(date); adjustCal.set(Calendar.MILLISECOND, 0); Date lastDate = adjustCal.getTime(); Date newDate; //FUTURE_TODO: (QUARTZ-481) IMPROVE THIS! The following is a BAD solution to this problem. Performance will be very bad here, depending on the cron expression. It is, however A solution. //keep getting the next included time until it's farther than one second // apart. At that point, lastDate is the last valid fire time. We return // the second immediately following it. while (difference == 1000) { newDate = getTimeAfter(lastDate); if(newDate == null) break; difference = newDate.getTime() - lastDate.getTime(); if (difference == 1000) { lastDate = newDate; } } return new Date(lastDate.getTime() + 1000); } /** * Returns the time zone for which this <code>CronExpression</code> * will be resolved. */ public TimeZone getTimeZone() { if (timeZone == null) { timeZone = TimeZone.getDefault(); } return timeZone; } /** * Sets the time zone for which this <code>CronExpression</code> * will be resolved. */ public void setTimeZone(TimeZone timeZone) { this.timeZone = timeZone; } /** * Returns the string representation of the <CODE>CronExpression</CODE> * * @return a string representation of the <CODE>CronExpression</CODE> */ @Override public String toString() { return cronExpression; } /** * Indicates whether the specified cron expression can be parsed into a * valid cron expression * * @param cronExpression the expression to evaluate * @return a boolean indicating whether the given expression is a valid cron * expression */ public static boolean isValidExpression(String cronExpression) { try { new CronExpression(cronExpression); } catch (ParseException pe) { return false; } return true; } public static void validateExpression(String cronExpression) throws ParseException { new CronExpression(cronExpression); } //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // // Expression Parsing Functions // //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// protected void buildExpression(String expression) throws ParseException { expressionParsed = true; try { if (seconds == null) { seconds = new TreeSet<Integer>(); } if (minutes == null) { minutes = new TreeSet<Integer>(); } if (hours == null) { hours = new TreeSet<Integer>(); } if (daysOfMonth == null) { daysOfMonth = new TreeSet<Integer>(); } if (months == null) { months = new TreeSet<Integer>(); } if (daysOfWeek == null) { daysOfWeek = new TreeSet<Integer>(); } if (years == null) { years = new TreeSet<Integer>(); } int exprOn = SECOND; StringTokenizer exprsTok = new StringTokenizer(expression, " ", false); while (exprsTok.hasMoreTokens() && exprOn <= YEAR) { String expr = exprsTok.nextToken().trim(); // throw an exception if L is used with other days of the month if(exprOn == DAY_OF_MONTH && expr.indexOf('L') != -1 && expr.length() > 1 && expr.contains(",")) { throw new ParseException("Support for specifying 'L' and 'LW' with other days of the month is not implemented", -1); } // throw an exception if L is used with other days of the week if(exprOn == DAY_OF_WEEK && expr.indexOf('L') != -1 && expr.length() > 1 && expr.contains(",")) { throw new ParseException("Support for specifying 'L' with other days of the week is not implemented", -1); } if(exprOn == DAY_OF_WEEK && expr.indexOf('#') != -1 && expr.indexOf('#', expr.indexOf('#') +1) != -1) { throw new ParseException("Support for specifying multiple "nth" days is not implemented.", -1); } StringTokenizer vTok = new StringTokenizer(expr, ","); while (vTok.hasMoreTokens()) { String v = vTok.nextToken(); storeExpressionVals(0, v, exprOn); } exprOn++; } if (exprOn <= DAY_OF_WEEK) { throw new ParseException("Unexpected end of expression.", expression.length()); } if (exprOn <= YEAR) { storeExpressionVals(0, "*", YEAR); } TreeSet<Integer> dow = getSet(DAY_OF_WEEK); TreeSet<Integer> dom = getSet(DAY_OF_MONTH); // Copying the logic from the UnsupportedOperationException below boolean dayOfMSpec = !dom.contains(NO_SPEC); boolean dayOfWSpec = !dow.contains(NO_SPEC); if (!dayOfMSpec || dayOfWSpec) { if (!dayOfWSpec || dayOfMSpec) { throw new ParseException( "Support for specifying both a day-of-week AND a day-of-month parameter is not implemented.", 0); } } } catch (ParseException pe) { throw pe; } catch (Exception e) { throw new ParseException("Illegal cron expression format (" + e.toString() + ")", 0); } } protected int storeExpressionVals(int pos, String s, int type) throws ParseException { int incr = 0; int i = skipWhiteSpace(pos, s); if (i >= s.length()) { return i; } char c = s.charAt(i); if ((c >= 'A') && (c <= 'Z') && (!s.equals("L")) && (!s.equals("LW")) && (!s.matches("^L-[0-9]*[W]?"))) { String sub = s.substring(i, i + 3); int sval = -1; int eval = -1; if (type == MONTH) { sval = getMonthNumber(sub) + 1; if (sval <= 0) { throw new ParseException("Invalid Month value: '" + sub + "'", i); } if (s.length() > i + 3) { c = s.charAt(i + 3); if (c == '-') { i += 4; sub = s.substring(i, i + 3); eval = getMonthNumber(sub) + 1; if (eval <= 0) { throw new ParseException("Invalid Month value: '" + sub + "'", i); } } } } else if (type == DAY_OF_WEEK) { sval = getDayOfWeekNumber(sub); if (sval < 0) { throw new ParseException("Invalid Day-of-Week value: '" + sub + "'", i); } if (s.length() > i + 3) { c = s.charAt(i + 3); if (c == '-') { i += 4; sub = s.substring(i, i + 3); eval = getDayOfWeekNumber(sub); if (eval < 0) { throw new ParseException( "Invalid Day-of-Week value: '" + sub + "'", i); } } else if (c == '#') { try { i += 4; nthdayOfWeek = Integer.parseInt(s.substring(i)); if (nthdayOfWeek < 1 || nthdayOfWeek > 5) { throw new Exception(); } } catch (Exception e) { throw new ParseException( "A numeric value between 1 and 5 must follow the '#' option", i); } } else if (c == 'L') { lastdayOfWeek = true; i++; } } } else { throw new ParseException( "Illegal characters for this position: '" + sub + "'", i); } if (eval != -1) { incr = 1; } addToSet(sval, eval, incr, type); return (i + 3); } if (c == '?') { i++; if ((i + 1) < s.length() && (s.charAt(i) != ' ' && s.charAt(i + 1) != ' ')) { throw new ParseException("Illegal character after '?': " + s.charAt(i), i); } if (type != DAY_OF_WEEK && type != DAY_OF_MONTH) { throw new ParseException( "'?' can only be specfied for Day-of-Month or Day-of-Week.", i); } if (type == DAY_OF_WEEK && !lastdayOfMonth) { int val = daysOfMonth.last(); if (val == NO_SPEC_INT) { throw new ParseException( "'?' can only be specfied for Day-of-Month -OR- Day-of-Week.", i); } } addToSet(NO_SPEC_INT, -1, 0, type); return i; } if (c == '*' || c == '/') { if (c == '*' && (i + 1) >= s.length()) { addToSet(ALL_SPEC_INT, -1, incr, type); return i + 1; } else if (c == '/' && ((i + 1) >= s.length() || s.charAt(i + 1) == ' ' || s .charAt(i + 1) == ' ')) { throw new ParseException("'/' must be followed by an integer.", i); } else if (c == '*') { i++; } c = s.charAt(i); if (c == '/') { // is an increment specified? i++; if (i >= s.length()) { throw new ParseException("Unexpected end of string.", i); } incr = getNumericValue(s, i); i++; if (incr > 10) { i++; } if (incr > 59 && (type == SECOND || type == MINUTE)) { throw new ParseException("Increment > 60 : " + incr, i); } else if (incr > 23 && (type == HOUR)) { throw new ParseException("Increment > 24 : " + incr, i); } else if (incr > 31 && (type == DAY_OF_MONTH)) { throw new ParseException("Increment > 31 : " + incr, i); } else if (incr > 7 && (type == DAY_OF_WEEK)) { throw new ParseException("Increment > 7 : " + incr, i); } else if (incr > 12 && (type == MONTH)) { throw new ParseException("Increment > 12 : " + incr, i); } } else { incr = 1; } addToSet(ALL_SPEC_INT, -1, incr, type); return i; } else if (c == 'L') { i++; if (type == DAY_OF_MONTH) { lastdayOfMonth = true; } if (type == DAY_OF_WEEK) { addToSet(7, 7, 0, type); } if(type == DAY_OF_MONTH && s.length() > i) { c = s.charAt(i); if(c == '-') { ValueSet vs = getValue(0, s, i+1); lastdayOffset = vs.value; if(lastdayOffset > 30) throw new ParseException("Offset from last day must be <= 30", i+1); i = vs.pos; } if(s.length() > i) { c = s.charAt(i); if(c == 'W') { nearestWeekday = true; i++; } } } return i; } else if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') { int val = Integer.parseInt(String.valueOf(c)); i++; if (i >= s.length()) { addToSet(val, -1, -1, type); } else { c = s.charAt(i); if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') { ValueSet vs = getValue(val, s, i); val = vs.value; i = vs.pos; } i = checkNext(i, s, val, type); return i; } } else { throw new ParseException("Unexpected character: " + c, i); } return i; } protected int checkNext(int pos, String s, int val, int type) throws ParseException { int end = -1; int i = pos; if (i >= s.length()) { addToSet(val, end, -1, type); return i; } char c = s.charAt(pos); if (c == 'L') { if (type == DAY_OF_WEEK) { if(val < 1 || val > 7) throw new ParseException("Day-of-Week values must be between 1 and 7", -1); lastdayOfWeek = true; } else { throw new ParseException("'L' option is not valid here. (pos=" + i + ")", i); } TreeSet<Integer> set = getSet(type); set.add(val); i++; return i; } if (c == 'W') { if (type == DAY_OF_MONTH) { nearestWeekday = true; } else { throw new ParseException("'W' option is not valid here. (pos=" + i + ")", i); } if(val > 31) throw new ParseException("The 'W' option does not make sense with values larger than 31 (max number of days in a month)", i); TreeSet<Integer> set = getSet(type); set.add(val); i++; return i; } if (c == '#') { if (type != DAY_OF_WEEK) { throw new ParseException("'#' option is not valid here. (pos=" + i + ")", i); } i++; try { nthdayOfWeek = Integer.parseInt(s.substring(i)); if (nthdayOfWeek < 1 || nthdayOfWeek > 5) { throw new Exception(); } } catch (Exception e) { throw new ParseException( "A numeric value between 1 and 5 must follow the '#' option", i); } TreeSet<Integer> set = getSet(type); set.add(val); i++; return i; } if (c == '-') { i++; c = s.charAt(i); int v = Integer.parseInt(String.valueOf(c)); end = v; i++; if (i >= s.length()) { addToSet(val, end, 1, type); return i; } c = s.charAt(i); if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') { ValueSet vs = getValue(v, s, i); end = vs.value; i = vs.pos; } if (i < s.length() && ((c = s.charAt(i)) == '/')) { i++; c = s.charAt(i); int v2 = Integer.parseInt(String.valueOf(c)); i++; if (i >= s.length()) { addToSet(val, end, v2, type); return i; } c = s.charAt(i); if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') { ValueSet vs = getValue(v2, s, i); int v3 = vs.value; addToSet(val, end, v3, type); i = vs.pos; return i; } else { addToSet(val, end, v2, type); return i; } } else { addToSet(val, end, 1, type); return i; } } if (c == '/') { i++; c = s.charAt(i); int v2 = Integer.parseInt(String.valueOf(c)); i++; if (i >= s.length()) { addToSet(val, end, v2, type); return i; } c = s.charAt(i); if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') { ValueSet vs = getValue(v2, s, i); int v3 = vs.value; addToSet(val, end, v3, type); i = vs.pos; return i; } else { throw new ParseException("Unexpected character '" + c + "' after '/'", i); } } addToSet(val, end, 0, type); i++; return i; } public String getCronExpression() { return cronExpression; } public String getExpressionSummary() { StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder(); buf.append("seconds: "); buf.append(getExpressionSetSummary(seconds)); buf.append(" "); buf.append("minutes: "); buf.append(getExpressionSetSummary(minutes)); buf.append(" "); buf.append("hours: "); buf.append(getExpressionSetSummary(hours)); buf.append(" "); buf.append("daysOfMonth: "); buf.append(getExpressionSetSummary(daysOfMonth)); buf.append(" "); buf.append("months: "); buf.append(getExpressionSetSummary(months)); buf.append(" "); buf.append("daysOfWeek: "); buf.append(getExpressionSetSummary(daysOfWeek)); buf.append(" "); buf.append("lastdayOfWeek: "); buf.append(lastdayOfWeek); buf.append(" "); buf.append("nearestWeekday: "); buf.append(nearestWeekday); buf.append(" "); buf.append("NthDayOfWeek: "); buf.append(nthdayOfWeek); buf.append(" "); buf.append("lastdayOfMonth: "); buf.append(lastdayOfMonth); buf.append(" "); buf.append("years: "); buf.append(getExpressionSetSummary(years)); buf.append(" "); return buf.toString(); } protected String getExpressionSetSummary(java.util.Set<Integer> set) { if (set.contains(NO_SPEC)) { return "?"; } if (set.contains(ALL_SPEC)) { return "*"; } StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder(); Iterator<Integer> itr = set.iterator(); boolean first = true; while (itr.hasNext()) { Integer iVal = itr.next(); String val = iVal.toString(); if (!first) { buf.append(","); } buf.append(val); first = false; } return buf.toString(); } protected String getExpressionSetSummary(java.util.ArrayList<Integer> list) { if (list.contains(NO_SPEC)) { return "?"; } if (list.contains(ALL_SPEC)) { return "*"; } StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder(); Iterator<Integer> itr = list.iterator(); boolean first = true; while (itr.hasNext()) { Integer iVal = itr.next(); String val = iVal.toString(); if (!first) { buf.append(","); } buf.append(val); first = false; } return buf.toString(); } protected int skipWhiteSpace(int i, String s) { for (; i < s.length() && (s.charAt(i) == ' ' || s.charAt(i) == ' '); i++) { ; } return i; } protected int findNextWhiteSpace(int i, String s) { for (; i < s.length() && (s.charAt(i) != ' ' || s.charAt(i) != ' '); i++) { ; } return i; } protected void addToSet(int val, int end, int incr, int type) throws ParseException { TreeSet<Integer> set = getSet(type); if (type == SECOND || type == MINUTE) { if ((val < 0 || val > 59 || end > 59) && (val != ALL_SPEC_INT)) { throw new ParseException( "Minute and Second values must be between 0 and 59", -1); } } else if (type == HOUR) { if ((val < 0 || val > 23 || end > 23) && (val != ALL_SPEC_INT)) { throw new ParseException( "Hour values must be between 0 and 23", -1); } } else if (type == DAY_OF_MONTH) { if ((val < 1 || val > 31 || end > 31) && (val != ALL_SPEC_INT) && (val != NO_SPEC_INT)) { throw new ParseException( "Day of month values must be between 1 and 31", -1); } } else if (type == MONTH) { if ((val < 1 || val > 12 || end > 12) && (val != ALL_SPEC_INT)) { throw new ParseException( "Month values must be between 1 and 12", -1); } } else if (type == DAY_OF_WEEK) { if ((val == 0 || val > 7 || end > 7) && (val != ALL_SPEC_INT) && (val != NO_SPEC_INT)) { throw new ParseException( "Day-of-Week values must be between 1 and 7", -1); } } if ((incr == 0 || incr == -1) && val != ALL_SPEC_INT) { if (val != -1) { set.add(val); } else { set.add(NO_SPEC); } return; } int startAt = val; int stopAt = end; if (val == ALL_SPEC_INT && incr <= 0) { incr = 1; set.add(ALL_SPEC); // put in a marker, but also fill values } if (type == SECOND || type == MINUTE) { if (stopAt == -1) { stopAt = 59; } if (startAt == -1 || startAt == ALL_SPEC_INT) { startAt = 0; } } else if (type == HOUR) { if (stopAt == -1) { stopAt = 23; } if (startAt == -1 || startAt == ALL_SPEC_INT) { startAt = 0; } } else if (type == DAY_OF_MONTH) { if (stopAt == -1) { stopAt = 31; } if (startAt == -1 || startAt == ALL_SPEC_INT) { startAt = 1; } } else if (type == MONTH) { if (stopAt == -1) { stopAt = 12; } if (startAt == -1 || startAt == ALL_SPEC_INT) { startAt = 1; } } else if (type == DAY_OF_WEEK) { if (stopAt == -1) { stopAt = 7; } if (startAt == -1 || startAt == ALL_SPEC_INT) { startAt = 1; } } else if (type == YEAR) { if (stopAt == -1) { stopAt = MAX_YEAR; } if (startAt == -1 || startAt == ALL_SPEC_INT) { startAt = 1970; } } // if the end of the range is before the start, then we need to overflow into // the next day, month etc. This is done by adding the maximum amount for that // type, and using modulus max to determine the value being added. int max = -1; if (stopAt < startAt) { switch (type) { case SECOND : max = 60; break; case MINUTE : max = 60; break; case HOUR : max = 24; break; case MONTH : max = 12; break; case DAY_OF_WEEK : max = 7; break; case DAY_OF_MONTH : max = 31; break; case YEAR : throw new IllegalArgumentException("Start year must be less than stop year"); default : throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unexpected type encountered"); } stopAt += max; } for (int i = startAt; i <= stopAt; i += incr) { if (max == -1) { // ie: there's no max to overflow over set.add(i); } else { // take the modulus to get the real value int i2 = i % max; // 1-indexed ranges should not include 0, and should include their max if (i2 == 0 && (type == MONTH || type == DAY_OF_WEEK || type == DAY_OF_MONTH) ) { i2 = max; } set.add(i2); } } } TreeSet<Integer> getSet(int type) { switch (type) { case SECOND: return seconds; case MINUTE: return minutes; case HOUR: return hours; case DAY_OF_MONTH: return daysOfMonth; case MONTH: return months; case DAY_OF_WEEK: return daysOfWeek; case YEAR: return years; default: return null; } } protected ValueSet getValue(int v, String s, int i) { char c = s.charAt(i); StringBuilder s1 = new StringBuilder(String.valueOf(v)); while (c >= '0' && c <= '9') { s1.append(c); i++; if (i >= s.length()) { break; } c = s.charAt(i); } ValueSet val = new ValueSet(); val.pos = (i < s.length()) ? i : i + 1; val.value = Integer.parseInt(s1.toString()); return val; } protected int getNumericValue(String s, int i) { int endOfVal = findNextWhiteSpace(i, s); String val = s.substring(i, endOfVal); return Integer.parseInt(val); } protected int getMonthNumber(String s) { Integer integer = monthMap.get(s); if (integer == null) { return -1; } return integer; } protected int getDayOfWeekNumber(String s) { Integer integer = dayMap.get(s); if (integer == null) { return -1; } return integer; } //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // // Computation Functions // //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// public Date getTimeAfter(Date afterTime) { // Computation is based on Gregorian year only. Calendar cl = new java.util.GregorianCalendar(getTimeZone()); // move ahead one second, since we're computing the time *after* the // given time afterTime = new Date(afterTime.getTime() + 1000); // CronTrigger does not deal with milliseconds cl.setTime(afterTime); cl.set(Calendar.MILLISECOND, 0); boolean gotOne = false; // loop until we've computed the next time, or we've past the endTime while (!gotOne) { //if (endTime != null && cl.getTime().after(endTime)) return null; if(cl.get(Calendar.YEAR) > 2999) { // prevent endless loop... return null; } SortedSet<Integer> st = null; int t = 0; int sec = cl.get(Calendar.SECOND); int min = cl.get(Calendar.MINUTE); // get second................................................. st = seconds.tailSet(sec); if (st != null && st.size() != 0) { sec = st.first(); } else { sec = seconds.first(); min++; cl.set(Calendar.MINUTE, min); } cl.set(Calendar.SECOND, sec); min = cl.get(Calendar.MINUTE); int hr = cl.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY); t = -1; // get minute................................................. st = minutes.tailSet(min); if (st != null && st.size() != 0) { t = min; min = st.first(); } else { min = minutes.first(); hr++; } if (min != t) { cl.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0); cl.set(Calendar.MINUTE, min); setCalendarHour(cl, hr); continue; } cl.set(Calendar.MINUTE, min); hr = cl.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY); int day = cl.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH); t = -1; // get hour................................................... st = hours.tailSet(hr); if (st != null && st.size() != 0) { t = hr; hr = st.first(); } else { hr = hours.first(); day++; } if (hr != t) { cl.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0); cl.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 0); cl.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, day); setCalendarHour(cl, hr); continue; } cl.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, hr); day = cl.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH); int mon = cl.get(Calendar.MONTH) + 1; // '+ 1' because calendar is 0-based for this field, and we are // 1-based t = -1; int tmon = mon; // get day................................................... boolean dayOfMSpec = !daysOfMonth.contains(NO_SPEC); boolean dayOfWSpec = !daysOfWeek.contains(NO_SPEC); if (dayOfMSpec && !dayOfWSpec) { // get day by day of month rule st = daysOfMonth.tailSet(day); if (lastdayOfMonth) { if(!nearestWeekday) { t = day; day = getLastDayOfMonth(mon, cl.get(Calendar.YEAR)); day -= lastdayOffset; if(t > day) { mon++; if(mon > 12) { mon = 1; tmon = 3333; // ensure test of mon != tmon further below fails cl.add(Calendar.YEAR, 1); } day = 1; } } else { t = day; day = getLastDayOfMonth(mon, cl.get(Calendar.YEAR)); day -= lastdayOffset; java.util.Calendar tcal = java.util.Calendar.getInstance(getTimeZone()); tcal.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0); tcal.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 0); tcal.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 0); tcal.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, day); tcal.set(Calendar.MONTH, mon - 1); tcal.set(Calendar.YEAR, cl.get(Calendar.YEAR)); int ldom = getLastDayOfMonth(mon, cl.get(Calendar.YEAR)); int dow = tcal.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK); if(dow == Calendar.SATURDAY && day == 1) { day += 2; } else if(dow == Calendar.SATURDAY) { day -= 1; } else if(dow == Calendar.SUNDAY && day == ldom) { day -= 2; } else if(dow == Calendar.SUNDAY) { day += 1; } tcal.set(Calendar.SECOND, sec); tcal.set(Calendar.MINUTE, min); tcal.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, hr); tcal.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, day); tcal.set(Calendar.MONTH, mon - 1); Date nTime = tcal.getTime(); if(nTime.before(afterTime)) { day = 1; mon++; } } } else if(nearestWeekday) { t = day; day = daysOfMonth.first(); java.util.Calendar tcal = java.util.Calendar.getInstance(getTimeZone()); tcal.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0); tcal.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 0); tcal.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 0); tcal.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, day); tcal.set(Calendar.MONTH, mon - 1); tcal.set(Calendar.YEAR, cl.get(Calendar.YEAR)); int ldom = getLastDayOfMonth(mon, cl.get(Calendar.YEAR)); int dow = tcal.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK); if(dow == Calendar.SATURDAY && day == 1) { day += 2; } else if(dow == Calendar.SATURDAY) { day -= 1; } else if(dow == Calendar.SUNDAY && day == ldom) { day -= 2; } else if(dow == Calendar.SUNDAY) { day += 1; } tcal.set(Calendar.SECOND, sec); tcal.set(Calendar.MINUTE, min); tcal.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, hr); tcal.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, day); tcal.set(Calendar.MONTH, mon - 1); Date nTime = tcal.getTime(); if(nTime.before(afterTime)) { day = daysOfMonth.first(); mon++; } } else if (st != null && st.size() != 0) { t = day; day = st.first(); // make sure we don't over-run a short month, such as february int lastDay = getLastDayOfMonth(mon, cl.get(Calendar.YEAR)); if (day > lastDay) { day = daysOfMonth.first(); mon++; } } else { day = daysOfMonth.first(); mon++; } if (day != t || mon != tmon) { cl.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0); cl.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 0); cl.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 0); cl.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, day); cl.set(Calendar.MONTH, mon - 1); // '- 1' because calendar is 0-based for this field, and we // are 1-based continue; } } else if (dayOfWSpec && !dayOfMSpec) { // get day by day of week rule if (lastdayOfWeek) { // are we looking for the last XXX day of // the month? int dow = daysOfWeek.first(); // desired // d-o-w int cDow = cl.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK); // current d-o-w int daysToAdd = 0; if (cDow < dow) { daysToAdd = dow - cDow; } if (cDow > dow) { daysToAdd = dow + (7 - cDow); } int lDay = getLastDayOfMonth(mon, cl.get(Calendar.YEAR)); if (day + daysToAdd > lDay) { // did we already miss the // last one? cl.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0); cl.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 0); cl.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 0); cl.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, 1); cl.set(Calendar.MONTH, mon); // no '- 1' here because we are promoting the month continue; } // find date of last occurrence of this day in this month... while ((day + daysToAdd + 7) <= lDay) { daysToAdd += 7; } day += daysToAdd; if (daysToAdd > 0) { cl.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0); cl.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 0); cl.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 0); cl.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, day); cl.set(Calendar.MONTH, mon - 1); // '- 1' here because we are not promoting the month continue; } } else if (nthdayOfWeek != 0) { // are we looking for the Nth XXX day in the month? int dow = daysOfWeek.first(); // desired // d-o-w int cDow = cl.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK); // current d-o-w int daysToAdd = 0; if (cDow < dow) { daysToAdd = dow - cDow; } else if (cDow > dow) { daysToAdd = dow + (7 - cDow); } boolean dayShifted = false; if (daysToAdd > 0) { dayShifted = true; } day += daysToAdd; int weekOfMonth = day / 7; if (day % 7 > 0) { weekOfMonth++; } daysToAdd = (nthdayOfWeek - weekOfMonth) * 7; day += daysToAdd; if (daysToAdd < 0 || day > getLastDayOfMonth(mon, cl .get(Calendar.YEAR))) { cl.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0); cl.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 0); cl.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 0); cl.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, 1); cl.set(Calendar.MONTH, mon); // no '- 1' here because we are promoting the month continue; } else if (daysToAdd > 0 || dayShifted) { cl.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0); cl.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 0); cl.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 0); cl.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, day); cl.set(Calendar.MONTH, mon - 1); // '- 1' here because we are NOT promoting the month continue; } } else { int cDow = cl.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK); // current d-o-w int dow = daysOfWeek.first(); // desired // d-o-w st = daysOfWeek.tailSet(cDow); if (st != null && st.size() > 0) { dow = st.first(); } int daysToAdd = 0; if (cDow < dow) { daysToAdd = dow - cDow; } if (cDow > dow) { daysToAdd = dow + (7 - cDow); } int lDay = getLastDayOfMonth(mon, cl.get(Calendar.YEAR)); if (day + daysToAdd > lDay) { // will we pass the end of // the month? cl.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0); cl.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 0); cl.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 0); cl.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, 1); cl.set(Calendar.MONTH, mon); // no '- 1' here because we are promoting the month continue; } else if (daysToAdd > 0) { // are we swithing days? cl.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0); cl.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 0); cl.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 0); cl.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, day + daysToAdd); cl.set(Calendar.MONTH, mon - 1); // '- 1' because calendar is 0-based for this field, // and we are 1-based continue; } } } else { // dayOfWSpec && !dayOfMSpec throw new UnsupportedOperationException( "Support for specifying both a day-of-week AND a day-of-month parameter is not implemented."); } cl.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, day); mon = cl.get(Calendar.MONTH) + 1; // '+ 1' because calendar is 0-based for this field, and we are // 1-based int year = cl.get(Calendar.YEAR); t = -1; // test for expressions that never generate a valid fire date, // but keep looping... if (year > MAX_YEAR) { return null; } // get month................................................... st = months.tailSet(mon); if (st != null && st.size() != 0) { t = mon; mon = st.first(); } else { mon = months.first(); year++; } if (mon != t) { cl.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0); cl.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 0); cl.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 0); cl.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, 1); cl.set(Calendar.MONTH, mon - 1); // '- 1' because calendar is 0-based for this field, and we are // 1-based cl.set(Calendar.YEAR, year); continue; } cl.set(Calendar.MONTH, mon - 1); // '- 1' because calendar is 0-based for this field, and we are // 1-based year = cl.get(Calendar.YEAR); t = -1; // get year................................................... st = years.tailSet(year); if (st != null && st.size() != 0) { t = year; year = st.first(); } else { return null; // ran out of years... } if (year != t) { cl.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0); cl.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 0); cl.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 0); cl.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, 1); cl.set(Calendar.MONTH, 0); // '- 1' because calendar is 0-based for this field, and we are // 1-based cl.set(Calendar.YEAR, year); continue; } cl.set(Calendar.YEAR, year); gotOne = true; } // while( !done ) return cl.getTime(); } /** * Advance the calendar to the particular hour paying particular attention * to daylight saving problems. * * @param cal the calendar to operate on * @param hour the hour to set */ protected void setCalendarHour(Calendar cal, int hour) { cal.set(java.util.Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, hour); if (cal.get(java.util.Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY) != hour && hour != 24) { cal.set(java.util.Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, hour + 1); } } /** * NOT YET IMPLEMENTED: Returns the time before the given time * that the <code>CronExpression</code> matches. */ public Date getTimeBefore(Date endTime) { // FUTURE_TODO: implement QUARTZ-423 return null; } /** * NOT YET IMPLEMENTED: Returns the final time that the * <code>CronExpression</code> will match. */ public Date getFinalFireTime() { // FUTURE_TODO: implement QUARTZ-423 return null; } protected boolean isLeapYear(int year) { return ((year % 4 == 0 && year % 100 != 0) || (year % 400 == 0)); } protected int getLastDayOfMonth(int monthNum, int year) { switch (monthNum) { case 1: return 31; case 2: return (isLeapYear(year)) ? 29 : 28; case 3: return 31; case 4: return 30; case 5: return 31; case 6: return 30; case 7: return 31; case 8: return 31; case 9: return 30; case 10: return 31; case 11: return 30; case 12: return 31; default: throw new IllegalArgumentException("Illegal month number: " + monthNum); } } private void readObject(java.io.ObjectInputStream stream) throws java.io.IOException, ClassNotFoundException { stream.defaultReadObject(); try { buildExpression(cronExpression); } catch (Exception ignore) { } // never happens } @Override @Deprecated public Object clone() { return new CronExpression(this); } } class ValueSet { public int value; public int pos; }
cron="* * * * * *" 会报错：
Caused by: java.text.ParseException: Support for specifying both a day-of-week AND a day-of-month parameter is not implemented.
具体原因：
boolean dayOfMSpec = !dom.contains(NO_SPEC); boolean dayOfWSpec = !dow.contains(NO_SPEC); if (!dayOfMSpec || dayOfWSpec) { if (!dayOfWSpec || dayOfMSpec) { throw new ParseException( "Support for specifying both a day-of-week AND a day-of-month parameter is not implemented.", 0); } }
day-of-week和day-of-month 的*不能同时存在，需要把一个替换为?
"* * * * * *" 
"* * * * * ?" 
"* * * ? * *"