• task:scheduled cron 合法


    http://www.quartz-scheduler.org/documentation/quartz-2.x/tutorials/crontrigger.html

    task:scheduled

    org.springframework.scheduling.support.CronSequenceGenerator.parse

    /**
         * Parse the given pattern expression.
         */
        private void parse(String expression) throws IllegalArgumentException {
            String[] fields = StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(expression, " ");
            if (fields.length != 6) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException(String.format(
                        "Cron expression must consist of 6 fields (found %d in "%s")", fields.length, expression));
            }
            setNumberHits(this.seconds, fields[0], 0, 60);
            setNumberHits(this.minutes, fields[1], 0, 60);
            setNumberHits(this.hours, fields[2], 0, 24);
            setDaysOfMonth(this.daysOfMonth, fields[3]);
            setMonths(this.months, fields[4]);
            setDays(this.daysOfWeek, replaceOrdinals(fields[5], "SUN,MON,TUE,WED,THU,FRI,SAT"), 8);
            if (this.daysOfWeek.get(7)) {
                // Sunday can be represented as 0 or 7
                this.daysOfWeek.set(0);
                this.daysOfWeek.clear(7);
            }
        }

    cron="* * * * * *"

    1. 只能有6个域

    2. 域之间通过空格拆分

    3.  六个域分别是:

    • seconds 0-59
    • minutes 0-59
    • hours 0-23
    • daysOfMonth 1-31
    • months 1-12 or JAN-DEC
    • daysOfWeek 0-7 or SUN-SAT

    4. daysOfWeek 由固定顺序的[SUN,MON,TUE,WED,THU,FRI,SAT] 替换域中出现的星期

    5. daysOfWeek 用英文缩写时不区分大小写

    6. daysOfWeek 用数字时,0 和 7 都代表星期日。7最终会被0代替。

    7. daysOfWeek 和 daysOfMonth 中可以使用 【?】 但最终会被 【*】 代替

    8. range 可用 【-】 表示,前后必须是域的可用值

    9. range 【-】和【? or *】联用,【-】会被忽略

    10. 【,】可以连接多个子域,为并集关系,但不存在重复值

    11. 【/】是一个子域 ,比如 seconds 50/2 ,50会扩展为50-59,然后从中挑选50,52,54,56,58

    12. 【/】 是一个子域,比如 seconds 50-58/4  or   */4  扩展为0-59/4  or   20-*/4 扩展为0-59/4 ,有*出现则忽略其他

    12. 多子域情况,daysOfMonth 1,2,15-17,20-31/2 代表:1, 2, 15, 16, 17, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30

    CronSequenceGenerator源码

    /*
     * Copyright 2002-2013 the original author or authors.
     *
     * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
     * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
     * You may obtain a copy of the License at
     *
     *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
     *
     * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
     * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
     * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
     * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
     * limitations under the License.
     */
    
    package org.springframework.scheduling.support;
    
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.Arrays;
    import java.util.BitSet;
    import java.util.Calendar;
    import java.util.Collections;
    import java.util.Date;
    import java.util.GregorianCalendar;
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.TimeZone;
    
    import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
    
    /**
     * Date sequence generator for a <a href="http://www.manpagez.com/man/5/crontab/">Crontab pattern</a>,
     * allowing clients to specify a pattern that the sequence matches.
     *
     * <p>The pattern is a list of six single space-separated fields: representing
     * second, minute, hour, day, month, weekday. Month and weekday names can be
     * given as the first three letters of the English names.
     *
     * <p>Example patterns:
     * <ul>
     * <li>"0 0 * * * *" = the top of every hour of every day.</li>
     * <li>"*&#47;10 * * * * *" = every ten seconds.</li>
     * <li>"0 0 8-10 * * *" = 8, 9 and 10 o'clock of every day.</li>
     * <li>"0 0/30 8-10 * * *" = 8:00, 8:30, 9:00, 9:30 and 10 o'clock every day.</li>
     * <li>"0 0 9-17 * * MON-FRI" = on the hour nine-to-five weekdays</li>
     * <li>"0 0 0 25 12 ?" = every Christmas Day at midnight</li>
     * </ul>
     *
     * @author Dave Syer
     * @author Juergen Hoeller
     * @since 3.0
     * @see CronTrigger
     */
    public class CronSequenceGenerator {
    
        private final BitSet seconds = new BitSet(60);
    
        private final BitSet minutes = new BitSet(60);
    
        private final BitSet hours = new BitSet(24);
    
        private final BitSet daysOfWeek = new BitSet(7);
    
        private final BitSet daysOfMonth = new BitSet(31);
    
        private final BitSet months = new BitSet(12);
    
        private final String expression;
    
        private final TimeZone timeZone;
    
    
        /**
         * Construct a {@link CronSequenceGenerator} from the pattern provided,
         * using the default {@link TimeZone}.
         * @param expression a space-separated list of time fields
         * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the pattern cannot be parsed
         * @see java.util.TimeZone#getDefault()
         */
        public CronSequenceGenerator(String expression) {
            this(expression, TimeZone.getDefault());
        }
    
        /**
         * Construct a {@link CronSequenceGenerator} from the pattern provided,
         * using the specified {@link TimeZone}.
         * @param expression a space-separated list of time fields
         * @param timeZone the TimeZone to use for generated trigger times
         * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the pattern cannot be parsed
         */
        public CronSequenceGenerator(String expression, TimeZone timeZone) {
            this.expression = expression;
            this.timeZone = timeZone;
            parse(expression);
        }
    
    
        /**
         * Get the next {@link Date} in the sequence matching the Cron pattern and
         * after the value provided. The return value will have a whole number of
         * seconds, and will be after the input value.
         * @param date a seed value
         * @return the next value matching the pattern
         */
        public Date next(Date date) {
            /*
            The plan:
    
            1 Round up to the next whole second
    
            2 If seconds match move on, otherwise find the next match:
            2.1 If next match is in the next minute then roll forwards
    
            3 If minute matches move on, otherwise find the next match
            3.1 If next match is in the next hour then roll forwards
            3.2 Reset the seconds and go to 2
    
            4 If hour matches move on, otherwise find the next match
            4.1 If next match is in the next day then roll forwards,
            4.2 Reset the minutes and seconds and go to 2
    
            ...
            */
    
            Calendar calendar = new GregorianCalendar();
            calendar.setTimeZone(this.timeZone);
            calendar.setTime(date);
    
            // First, just reset the milliseconds and try to calculate from there...
            calendar.set(Calendar.MILLISECOND, 0);
            long originalTimestamp = calendar.getTimeInMillis();
            doNext(calendar, calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR));
    
            if (calendar.getTimeInMillis() == originalTimestamp) {
                // We arrived at the original timestamp - round up to the next whole second and try again...
                calendar.add(Calendar.SECOND, 1);
                doNext(calendar, calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR));
            }
    
            return calendar.getTime();
        }
    
        private void doNext(Calendar calendar, int dot) {
            List<Integer> resets = new ArrayList<Integer>();
    
            int second = calendar.get(Calendar.SECOND);
            List<Integer> emptyList = Collections.emptyList();
            int updateSecond = findNext(this.seconds, second, calendar, Calendar.SECOND, Calendar.MINUTE, emptyList);
            if (second == updateSecond) {
                resets.add(Calendar.SECOND);
            }
    
            int minute = calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE);
            int updateMinute = findNext(this.minutes, minute, calendar, Calendar.MINUTE, Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, resets);
            if (minute == updateMinute) {
                resets.add(Calendar.MINUTE);
            }
            else {
                doNext(calendar, dot);
            }
    
            int hour = calendar.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY);
            int updateHour = findNext(this.hours, hour, calendar, Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK, resets);
            if (hour == updateHour) {
                resets.add(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY);
            }
            else {
                doNext(calendar, dot);
            }
    
            int dayOfWeek = calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK);
            int dayOfMonth = calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);
            int updateDayOfMonth = findNextDay(calendar, this.daysOfMonth, dayOfMonth, daysOfWeek, dayOfWeek, resets);
            if (dayOfMonth == updateDayOfMonth) {
                resets.add(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);
            }
            else {
                doNext(calendar, dot);
            }
    
            int month = calendar.get(Calendar.MONTH);
            int updateMonth = findNext(this.months, month, calendar, Calendar.MONTH, Calendar.YEAR, resets);
            if (month != updateMonth) {
                if (calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR) - dot > 4) {
                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid cron expression "" + this.expression +
                            "" led to runaway search for next trigger");
                }
                doNext(calendar, dot);
            }
    
        }
    
        private int findNextDay(Calendar calendar, BitSet daysOfMonth, int dayOfMonth, BitSet daysOfWeek, int dayOfWeek,
                List<Integer> resets) {
    
            int count = 0;
            int max = 366;
            // the DAY_OF_WEEK values in java.util.Calendar start with 1 (Sunday),
            // but in the cron pattern, they start with 0, so we subtract 1 here
            while ((!daysOfMonth.get(dayOfMonth) || !daysOfWeek.get(dayOfWeek - 1)) && count++ < max) {
                calendar.add(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, 1);
                dayOfMonth = calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);
                dayOfWeek = calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK);
                reset(calendar, resets);
            }
            if (count >= max) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Overflow in day for expression "" + this.expression + """);
            }
            return dayOfMonth;
        }
    
        /**
         * Search the bits provided for the next set bit after the value provided,
         * and reset the calendar.
         * @param bits a {@link BitSet} representing the allowed values of the field
         * @param value the current value of the field
         * @param calendar the calendar to increment as we move through the bits
         * @param field the field to increment in the calendar (@see
         * {@link Calendar} for the static constants defining valid fields)
         * @param lowerOrders the Calendar field ids that should be reset (i.e. the
         * ones of lower significance than the field of interest)
         * @return the value of the calendar field that is next in the sequence
         */
        private int findNext(BitSet bits, int value, Calendar calendar, int field, int nextField, List<Integer> lowerOrders) {
            int nextValue = bits.nextSetBit(value);
            // roll over if needed
            if (nextValue == -1) {
                calendar.add(nextField, 1);
                reset(calendar, Arrays.asList(field));
                nextValue = bits.nextSetBit(0);
            }
            if (nextValue != value) {
                calendar.set(field, nextValue);
                reset(calendar, lowerOrders);
            }
            return nextValue;
        }
    
        /**
         * Reset the calendar setting all the fields provided to zero.
         */
        private void reset(Calendar calendar, List<Integer> fields) {
            for (int field : fields) {
                calendar.set(field, field == Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH ? 1 : 0);
            }
        }
    
    
        // Parsing logic invoked by the constructor
    
        /**
         * Parse the given pattern expression.
         */
        private void parse(String expression) throws IllegalArgumentException {
            String[] fields = StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(expression, " ");
            if (fields.length != 6) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException(String.format(
                        "Cron expression must consist of 6 fields (found %d in "%s")", fields.length, expression));
            }
            setNumberHits(this.seconds, fields[0], 0, 60);
            setNumberHits(this.minutes, fields[1], 0, 60);
            setNumberHits(this.hours, fields[2], 0, 24);
            setDaysOfMonth(this.daysOfMonth, fields[3]);
            setMonths(this.months, fields[4]);
            setDays(this.daysOfWeek, replaceOrdinals(fields[5], "SUN,MON,TUE,WED,THU,FRI,SAT"), 8);
            if (this.daysOfWeek.get(7)) {
                // Sunday can be represented as 0 or 7
                this.daysOfWeek.set(0);
                this.daysOfWeek.clear(7);
            }
        }
    
        /**
         * Replace the values in the commaSeparatedList (case insensitive) with
         * their index in the list.
         * @return a new string with the values from the list replaced
         */
        private String replaceOrdinals(String value, String commaSeparatedList) {
            String[] list = StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray(commaSeparatedList);
            for (int i = 0; i < list.length; i++) {
                String item = list[i].toUpperCase();
                value = StringUtils.replace(value.toUpperCase(), item, "" + i);
            }
            return value;
        }
    
        private void setDaysOfMonth(BitSet bits, String field) {
            int max = 31;
            // Days of month start with 1 (in Cron and Calendar) so add one
            setDays(bits, field, max + 1);
            // ... and remove it from the front
            bits.clear(0);
        }
    
        private void setDays(BitSet bits, String field, int max) {
            if (field.contains("?")) {
                field = "*";
            }
            setNumberHits(bits, field, 0, max);
        }
    
        private void setMonths(BitSet bits, String value) {
            int max = 12;
            value = replaceOrdinals(value, "FOO,JAN,FEB,MAR,APR,MAY,JUN,JUL,AUG,SEP,OCT,NOV,DEC");
            BitSet months = new BitSet(13);
            // Months start with 1 in Cron and 0 in Calendar, so push the values first into a longer bit set
            setNumberHits(months, value, 1, max + 1);
            // ... and then rotate it to the front of the months
            for (int i = 1; i <= max; i++) {
                if (months.get(i)) {
                    bits.set(i - 1);
                }
            }
        }
    
        private void setNumberHits(BitSet bits, String value, int min, int max) {
            String[] fields = StringUtils.delimitedListToStringArray(value, ",");
            for (String field : fields) {
                if (!field.contains("/")) {
                    // Not an incrementer so it must be a range (possibly empty)
                    int[] range = getRange(field, min, max);
                    bits.set(range[0], range[1] + 1);
                }
                else {
                    String[] split = StringUtils.delimitedListToStringArray(field, "/");
                    if (split.length > 2) {
                        throw new IllegalArgumentException("Incrementer has more than two fields: '" +
                                field + "' in expression "" + this.expression + """);
                    }
                    int[] range = getRange(split[0], min, max);
                    if (!split[0].contains("-")) {
                        range[1] = max - 1;
                    }
                    int delta = Integer.valueOf(split[1]);
                    for (int i = range[0]; i <= range[1]; i += delta) {
                        bits.set(i);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    
        private int[] getRange(String field, int min, int max) {
            int[] result = new int[2];
            if (field.contains("*")) {
                result[0] = min;
                result[1] = max - 1;
                return result;
            }
            if (!field.contains("-")) {
                result[0] = result[1] = Integer.valueOf(field);
            }
            else {
                String[] split = StringUtils.delimitedListToStringArray(field, "-");
                if (split.length > 2) {
                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("Range has more than two fields: '" +
                            field + "' in expression "" + this.expression + """);
                }
                result[0] = Integer.valueOf(split[0]);
                result[1] = Integer.valueOf(split[1]);
            }
            if (result[0] >= max || result[1] >= max) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Range exceeds maximum (" + max + "): '" +
                        field + "' in expression "" + this.expression + """);
            }
            if (result[0] < min || result[1] < min) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Range less than minimum (" + min + "): '" +
                        field + "' in expression "" + this.expression + """);
            }
            return result;
        }
    
        String getExpression() {
            return this.expression;
        }
    
        @Override
        public boolean equals(Object obj) {
            if (!(obj instanceof CronSequenceGenerator)) {
                return false;
            }
            CronSequenceGenerator cron = (CronSequenceGenerator) obj;
            return cron.months.equals(this.months) && cron.daysOfMonth.equals(this.daysOfMonth)
                    && cron.daysOfWeek.equals(this.daysOfWeek) && cron.hours.equals(this.hours)
                    && cron.minutes.equals(this.minutes) && cron.seconds.equals(this.seconds);
        }
    
        @Override
        public int hashCode() {
            return 37 + 17 * this.months.hashCode() + 29 * this.daysOfMonth.hashCode() + 37 * this.daysOfWeek.hashCode()
                    + 41 * this.hours.hashCode() + 53 * this.minutes.hashCode() + 61 * this.seconds.hashCode();
        }
    
        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return getClass().getSimpleName() + ": " + this.expression;
        }
    
    }
    View Code

    补充 org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerFactoryBean

     CronExpression 的 buildExpression 方法

    /*
     * All content copyright Terracotta, Inc., unless otherwise indicated. All rights reserved.
     * 
     * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not 
     * use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy 
     * of the License at 
     * 
     *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 
     *   
     * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software 
     * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT 
     * WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the 
     * License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations 
     * under the License.
     * 
     */
    
    package org.quartz;
    
    import java.io.Serializable;
    import java.text.ParseException;
    import java.util.Calendar;
    import java.util.Date;
    import java.util.HashMap;
    import java.util.Iterator;
    import java.util.Locale;
    import java.util.Map;
    import java.util.SortedSet;
    import java.util.StringTokenizer;
    import java.util.TimeZone;
    import java.util.TreeSet;
    
    /**
     * Provides a parser and evaluator for unix-like cron expressions. Cron 
     * expressions provide the ability to specify complex time combinations such as
     * &quot;At 8:00am every Monday through Friday&quot; or &quot;At 1:30am every 
     * last Friday of the month&quot;. 
     * <P>
     * Cron expressions are comprised of 6 required fields and one optional field
     * separated by white space. The fields respectively are described as follows:
     * 
     * <table cellspacing="8">
     * <tr>
     * <th align="left">Field Name</th>
     * <th align="left">&nbsp;</th>
     * <th align="left">Allowed Values</th>
     * <th align="left">&nbsp;</th>
     * <th align="left">Allowed Special Characters</th>
     * </tr>
     * <tr>
     * <td align="left"><code>Seconds</code></td>
     * <td align="left">&nbsp;</th>
     * <td align="left"><code>0-59</code></td>
     * <td align="left">&nbsp;</th>
     * <td align="left"><code>, - * /</code></td>
     * </tr>
     * <tr>
     * <td align="left"><code>Minutes</code></td>
     * <td align="left">&nbsp;</th>
     * <td align="left"><code>0-59</code></td>
     * <td align="left">&nbsp;</th>
     * <td align="left"><code>, - * /</code></td>
     * </tr>
     * <tr>
     * <td align="left"><code>Hours</code></td>
     * <td align="left">&nbsp;</th>
     * <td align="left"><code>0-23</code></td>
     * <td align="left">&nbsp;</th>
     * <td align="left"><code>, - * /</code></td>
     * </tr>
     * <tr>
     * <td align="left"><code>Day-of-month</code></td>
     * <td align="left">&nbsp;</th>
     * <td align="left"><code>1-31</code></td>
     * <td align="left">&nbsp;</th>
     * <td align="left"><code>, - * ? / L W</code></td>
     * </tr>
     * <tr>
     * <td align="left"><code>Month</code></td>
     * <td align="left">&nbsp;</th>
     * <td align="left"><code>0-11 or JAN-DEC</code></td>
     * <td align="left">&nbsp;</th>
     * <td align="left"><code>, - * /</code></td>
     * </tr>
     * <tr>
     * <td align="left"><code>Day-of-Week</code></td>
     * <td align="left">&nbsp;</th>
     * <td align="left"><code>1-7 or SUN-SAT</code></td>
     * <td align="left">&nbsp;</th>
     * <td align="left"><code>, - * ? / L #</code></td>
     * </tr>
     * <tr>
     * <td align="left"><code>Year (Optional)</code></td>
     * <td align="left">&nbsp;</th>
     * <td align="left"><code>empty, 1970-2199</code></td>
     * <td align="left">&nbsp;</th>
     * <td align="left"><code>, - * /</code></td>
     * </tr>
     * </table>
     * <P>
     * The '*' character is used to specify all values. For example, &quot;*&quot; 
     * in the minute field means &quot;every minute&quot;.
     * <P>
     * The '?' character is allowed for the day-of-month and day-of-week fields. It
     * is used to specify 'no specific value'. This is useful when you need to
     * specify something in one of the two fields, but not the other.
     * <P>
     * The '-' character is used to specify ranges For example &quot;10-12&quot; in
     * the hour field means &quot;the hours 10, 11 and 12&quot;.
     * <P>
     * The ',' character is used to specify additional values. For example
     * &quot;MON,WED,FRI&quot; in the day-of-week field means &quot;the days Monday,
     * Wednesday, and Friday&quot;.
     * <P>
     * The '/' character is used to specify increments. For example &quot;0/15&quot;
     * in the seconds field means &quot;the seconds 0, 15, 30, and 45&quot;. And 
     * &quot;5/15&quot; in the seconds field means &quot;the seconds 5, 20, 35, and
     * 50&quot;.  Specifying '*' before the  '/' is equivalent to specifying 0 is
     * the value to start with. Essentially, for each field in the expression, there
     * is a set of numbers that can be turned on or off. For seconds and minutes, 
     * the numbers range from 0 to 59. For hours 0 to 23, for days of the month 0 to
     * 31, and for months 0 to 11 (JAN to DEC). The &quot;/&quot; character simply helps you turn
     * on every &quot;nth&quot; value in the given set. Thus &quot;7/6&quot; in the
     * month field only turns on month &quot;7&quot;, it does NOT mean every 6th 
     * month, please note that subtlety.  
     * <P>
     * The 'L' character is allowed for the day-of-month and day-of-week fields.
     * This character is short-hand for &quot;last&quot;, but it has different 
     * meaning in each of the two fields. For example, the value &quot;L&quot; in 
     * the day-of-month field means &quot;the last day of the month&quot; - day 31 
     * for January, day 28 for February on non-leap years. If used in the 
     * day-of-week field by itself, it simply means &quot;7&quot; or 
     * &quot;SAT&quot;. But if used in the day-of-week field after another value, it
     * means &quot;the last xxx day of the month&quot; - for example &quot;6L&quot;
     * means &quot;the last friday of the month&quot;. You can also specify an offset 
     * from the last day of the month, such as "L-3" which would mean the third-to-last 
     * day of the calendar month. <i>When using the 'L' option, it is important not to 
     * specify lists, or ranges of values, as you'll get confusing/unexpected results.</i>
     * <P>
     * The 'W' character is allowed for the day-of-month field.  This character 
     * is used to specify the weekday (Monday-Friday) nearest the given day.  As an 
     * example, if you were to specify &quot;15W&quot; as the value for the 
     * day-of-month field, the meaning is: &quot;the nearest weekday to the 15th of
     * the month&quot;. So if the 15th is a Saturday, the trigger will fire on 
     * Friday the 14th. If the 15th is a Sunday, the trigger will fire on Monday the
     * 16th. If the 15th is a Tuesday, then it will fire on Tuesday the 15th. 
     * However if you specify &quot;1W&quot; as the value for day-of-month, and the
     * 1st is a Saturday, the trigger will fire on Monday the 3rd, as it will not 
     * 'jump' over the boundary of a month's days.  The 'W' character can only be 
     * specified when the day-of-month is a single day, not a range or list of days.
     * <P>
     * The 'L' and 'W' characters can also be combined for the day-of-month 
     * expression to yield 'LW', which translates to &quot;last weekday of the 
     * month&quot;.
     * <P>
     * The '#' character is allowed for the day-of-week field. This character is
     * used to specify &quot;the nth&quot; XXX day of the month. For example, the 
     * value of &quot;6#3&quot; in the day-of-week field means the third Friday of 
     * the month (day 6 = Friday and &quot;#3&quot; = the 3rd one in the month). 
     * Other examples: &quot;2#1&quot; = the first Monday of the month and 
     * &quot;4#5&quot; = the fifth Wednesday of the month. Note that if you specify
     * &quot;#5&quot; and there is not 5 of the given day-of-week in the month, then
     * no firing will occur that month.  If the '#' character is used, there can
     * only be one expression in the day-of-week field (&quot;3#1,6#3&quot; is 
     * not valid, since there are two expressions).
     * <P>
     * <!--The 'C' character is allowed for the day-of-month and day-of-week fields.
     * This character is short-hand for "calendar". This means values are
     * calculated against the associated calendar, if any. If no calendar is
     * associated, then it is equivalent to having an all-inclusive calendar. A
     * value of "5C" in the day-of-month field means "the first day included by the
     * calendar on or after the 5th". A value of "1C" in the day-of-week field
     * means "the first day included by the calendar on or after Sunday".-->
     * <P>
     * The legal characters and the names of months and days of the week are not
     * case sensitive.
     * 
     * <p>
     * <b>NOTES:</b>
     * <ul>
     * <li>Support for specifying both a day-of-week and a day-of-month value is
     * not complete (you'll need to use the '?' character in one of these fields).
     * </li>
     * <li>Overflowing ranges is supported - that is, having a larger number on 
     * the left hand side than the right. You might do 22-2 to catch 10 o'clock 
     * at night until 2 o'clock in the morning, or you might have NOV-FEB. It is 
     * very important to note that overuse of overflowing ranges creates ranges 
     * that don't make sense and no effort has been made to determine which 
     * interpretation CronExpression chooses. An example would be 
     * "0 0 14-6 ? * FRI-MON". </li>
     * </ul>
     * </p>
     * 
     * 
     * @author Sharada Jambula, James House
     * @author Contributions from Mads Henderson
     * @author Refactoring from CronTrigger to CronExpression by Aaron Craven
     */
    public final class CronExpression implements Serializable, Cloneable {
    
        private static final long serialVersionUID = 12423409423L;
        
        protected static final int SECOND = 0;
        protected static final int MINUTE = 1;
        protected static final int HOUR = 2;
        protected static final int DAY_OF_MONTH = 3;
        protected static final int MONTH = 4;
        protected static final int DAY_OF_WEEK = 5;
        protected static final int YEAR = 6;
        protected static final int ALL_SPEC_INT = 99; // '*'
        protected static final int NO_SPEC_INT = 98; // '?'
        protected static final Integer ALL_SPEC = ALL_SPEC_INT;
        protected static final Integer NO_SPEC = NO_SPEC_INT;
        
        protected static final Map<String, Integer> monthMap = new HashMap<String, Integer>(20);
        protected static final Map<String, Integer> dayMap = new HashMap<String, Integer>(60);
        static {
            monthMap.put("JAN", 0);
            monthMap.put("FEB", 1);
            monthMap.put("MAR", 2);
            monthMap.put("APR", 3);
            monthMap.put("MAY", 4);
            monthMap.put("JUN", 5);
            monthMap.put("JUL", 6);
            monthMap.put("AUG", 7);
            monthMap.put("SEP", 8);
            monthMap.put("OCT", 9);
            monthMap.put("NOV", 10);
            monthMap.put("DEC", 11);
    
            dayMap.put("SUN", 1);
            dayMap.put("MON", 2);
            dayMap.put("TUE", 3);
            dayMap.put("WED", 4);
            dayMap.put("THU", 5);
            dayMap.put("FRI", 6);
            dayMap.put("SAT", 7);
        }
    
        private final String cronExpression;
        private TimeZone timeZone = null;
        protected transient TreeSet<Integer> seconds;
        protected transient TreeSet<Integer> minutes;
        protected transient TreeSet<Integer> hours;
        protected transient TreeSet<Integer> daysOfMonth;
        protected transient TreeSet<Integer> months;
        protected transient TreeSet<Integer> daysOfWeek;
        protected transient TreeSet<Integer> years;
    
        protected transient boolean lastdayOfWeek = false;
        protected transient int nthdayOfWeek = 0;
        protected transient boolean lastdayOfMonth = false;
        protected transient boolean nearestWeekday = false;
        protected transient int lastdayOffset = 0;
        protected transient boolean expressionParsed = false;
        
        public static final int MAX_YEAR = Calendar.getInstance().get(Calendar.YEAR) + 100;
    
        /**
         * Constructs a new <CODE>CronExpression</CODE> based on the specified 
         * parameter.
         * 
         * @param cronExpression String representation of the cron expression the
         *                       new object should represent
         * @throws java.text.ParseException
         *         if the string expression cannot be parsed into a valid 
         *         <CODE>CronExpression</CODE>
         */
        public CronExpression(String cronExpression) throws ParseException {
            if (cronExpression == null) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("cronExpression cannot be null");
            }
            
            this.cronExpression = cronExpression.toUpperCase(Locale.US);
            
            buildExpression(this.cronExpression);
        }
        
        /**
         * Constructs a new {@code CronExpression} as a copy of an existing
         * instance.
         * 
         * @param expression
         *            The existing cron expression to be copied
         */
        public CronExpression(CronExpression expression) {
            /*
             * We don't call the other constructor here since we need to swallow the
             * ParseException. We also elide some of the sanity checking as it is
             * not logically trippable.
             */
            this.cronExpression = expression.getCronExpression();
            try {
                buildExpression(cronExpression);
            } catch (ParseException ex) {
                throw new AssertionError();
            }
            if (expression.getTimeZone() != null) {
                setTimeZone((TimeZone) expression.getTimeZone().clone());
            }
        }
    
        /**
         * Indicates whether the given date satisfies the cron expression. Note that
         * milliseconds are ignored, so two Dates falling on different milliseconds
         * of the same second will always have the same result here.
         * 
         * @param date the date to evaluate
         * @return a boolean indicating whether the given date satisfies the cron
         *         expression
         */
        public boolean isSatisfiedBy(Date date) {
            Calendar testDateCal = Calendar.getInstance(getTimeZone());
            testDateCal.setTime(date);
            testDateCal.set(Calendar.MILLISECOND, 0);
            Date originalDate = testDateCal.getTime();
            
            testDateCal.add(Calendar.SECOND, -1);
            
            Date timeAfter = getTimeAfter(testDateCal.getTime());
    
            return ((timeAfter != null) && (timeAfter.equals(originalDate)));
        }
        
        /**
         * Returns the next date/time <I>after</I> the given date/time which
         * satisfies the cron expression.
         * 
         * @param date the date/time at which to begin the search for the next valid
         *             date/time
         * @return the next valid date/time
         */
        public Date getNextValidTimeAfter(Date date) {
            return getTimeAfter(date);
        }
        
        /**
         * Returns the next date/time <I>after</I> the given date/time which does
         * <I>not</I> satisfy the expression
         * 
         * @param date the date/time at which to begin the search for the next 
         *             invalid date/time
         * @return the next valid date/time
         */
        public Date getNextInvalidTimeAfter(Date date) {
            long difference = 1000;
            
            //move back to the nearest second so differences will be accurate
            Calendar adjustCal = Calendar.getInstance(getTimeZone());
            adjustCal.setTime(date);
            adjustCal.set(Calendar.MILLISECOND, 0);
            Date lastDate = adjustCal.getTime();
            
            Date newDate;
            
            //FUTURE_TODO: (QUARTZ-481) IMPROVE THIS! The following is a BAD solution to this problem. Performance will be very bad here, depending on the cron expression. It is, however A solution.
            
            //keep getting the next included time until it's farther than one second
            // apart. At that point, lastDate is the last valid fire time. We return
            // the second immediately following it.
            while (difference == 1000) {
                newDate = getTimeAfter(lastDate);
                if(newDate == null)
                    break;
                
                difference = newDate.getTime() - lastDate.getTime();
                
                if (difference == 1000) {
                    lastDate = newDate;
                }
            }
            
            return new Date(lastDate.getTime() + 1000);
        }
        
        /**
         * Returns the time zone for which this <code>CronExpression</code> 
         * will be resolved.
         */
        public TimeZone getTimeZone() {
            if (timeZone == null) {
                timeZone = TimeZone.getDefault();
            }
    
            return timeZone;
        }
    
        /**
         * Sets the time zone for which  this <code>CronExpression</code> 
         * will be resolved.
         */
        public void setTimeZone(TimeZone timeZone) {
            this.timeZone = timeZone;
        }
        
        /**
         * Returns the string representation of the <CODE>CronExpression</CODE>
         * 
         * @return a string representation of the <CODE>CronExpression</CODE>
         */
        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return cronExpression;
        }
    
        /**
         * Indicates whether the specified cron expression can be parsed into a 
         * valid cron expression
         * 
         * @param cronExpression the expression to evaluate
         * @return a boolean indicating whether the given expression is a valid cron
         *         expression
         */
        public static boolean isValidExpression(String cronExpression) {
            
            try {
                new CronExpression(cronExpression);
            } catch (ParseException pe) {
                return false;
            }
            
            return true;
        }
    
        public static void validateExpression(String cronExpression) throws ParseException {
            
            new CronExpression(cronExpression);
        }
        
        
        ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
        //
        // Expression Parsing Functions
        //
        ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    
        protected void buildExpression(String expression) throws ParseException {
            expressionParsed = true;
    
            try {
    
                if (seconds == null) {
                    seconds = new TreeSet<Integer>();
                }
                if (minutes == null) {
                    minutes = new TreeSet<Integer>();
                }
                if (hours == null) {
                    hours = new TreeSet<Integer>();
                }
                if (daysOfMonth == null) {
                    daysOfMonth = new TreeSet<Integer>();
                }
                if (months == null) {
                    months = new TreeSet<Integer>();
                }
                if (daysOfWeek == null) {
                    daysOfWeek = new TreeSet<Integer>();
                }
                if (years == null) {
                    years = new TreeSet<Integer>();
                }
    
                int exprOn = SECOND;
    
                StringTokenizer exprsTok = new StringTokenizer(expression, " 	",
                        false);
    
                while (exprsTok.hasMoreTokens() && exprOn <= YEAR) {
                    String expr = exprsTok.nextToken().trim();
    
                    // throw an exception if L is used with other days of the month
                    if(exprOn == DAY_OF_MONTH && expr.indexOf('L') != -1 && expr.length() > 1 && expr.contains(",")) {
                        throw new ParseException("Support for specifying 'L' and 'LW' with other days of the month is not implemented", -1);
                    }
                    // throw an exception if L is used with other days of the week
                    if(exprOn == DAY_OF_WEEK && expr.indexOf('L') != -1 && expr.length() > 1  && expr.contains(",")) {
                        throw new ParseException("Support for specifying 'L' with other days of the week is not implemented", -1);
                    }
                    if(exprOn == DAY_OF_WEEK && expr.indexOf('#') != -1 && expr.indexOf('#', expr.indexOf('#') +1) != -1) {
                        throw new ParseException("Support for specifying multiple "nth" days is not implemented.", -1);
                    }
                    
                    StringTokenizer vTok = new StringTokenizer(expr, ",");
                    while (vTok.hasMoreTokens()) {
                        String v = vTok.nextToken();
                        storeExpressionVals(0, v, exprOn);
                    }
    
                    exprOn++;
                }
    
                if (exprOn <= DAY_OF_WEEK) {
                    throw new ParseException("Unexpected end of expression.",
                                expression.length());
                }
    
                if (exprOn <= YEAR) {
                    storeExpressionVals(0, "*", YEAR);
                }
    
                TreeSet<Integer> dow = getSet(DAY_OF_WEEK);
                TreeSet<Integer> dom = getSet(DAY_OF_MONTH);
    
                // Copying the logic from the UnsupportedOperationException below
                boolean dayOfMSpec = !dom.contains(NO_SPEC);
                boolean dayOfWSpec = !dow.contains(NO_SPEC);
    
                if (!dayOfMSpec || dayOfWSpec) {
                    if (!dayOfWSpec || dayOfMSpec) {
                        throw new ParseException(
                                "Support for specifying both a day-of-week AND a day-of-month parameter is not implemented.", 0);
                    }
                }
            } catch (ParseException pe) {
                throw pe;
            } catch (Exception e) {
                throw new ParseException("Illegal cron expression format ("
                        + e.toString() + ")", 0);
            }
        }
    
        protected int storeExpressionVals(int pos, String s, int type)
            throws ParseException {
    
            int incr = 0;
            int i = skipWhiteSpace(pos, s);
            if (i >= s.length()) {
                return i;
            }
            char c = s.charAt(i);
            if ((c >= 'A') && (c <= 'Z') && (!s.equals("L")) && (!s.equals("LW")) && (!s.matches("^L-[0-9]*[W]?"))) {
                String sub = s.substring(i, i + 3);
                int sval = -1;
                int eval = -1;
                if (type == MONTH) {
                    sval = getMonthNumber(sub) + 1;
                    if (sval <= 0) {
                        throw new ParseException("Invalid Month value: '" + sub + "'", i);
                    }
                    if (s.length() > i + 3) {
                        c = s.charAt(i + 3);
                        if (c == '-') {
                            i += 4;
                            sub = s.substring(i, i + 3);
                            eval = getMonthNumber(sub) + 1;
                            if (eval <= 0) {
                                throw new ParseException("Invalid Month value: '" + sub + "'", i);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                } else if (type == DAY_OF_WEEK) {
                    sval = getDayOfWeekNumber(sub);
                    if (sval < 0) {
                        throw new ParseException("Invalid Day-of-Week value: '"
                                    + sub + "'", i);
                    }
                    if (s.length() > i + 3) {
                        c = s.charAt(i + 3);
                        if (c == '-') {
                            i += 4;
                            sub = s.substring(i, i + 3);
                            eval = getDayOfWeekNumber(sub);
                            if (eval < 0) {
                                throw new ParseException(
                                        "Invalid Day-of-Week value: '" + sub
                                            + "'", i);
                            }
                        } else if (c == '#') {
                            try {
                                i += 4;
                                nthdayOfWeek = Integer.parseInt(s.substring(i));
                                if (nthdayOfWeek < 1 || nthdayOfWeek > 5) {
                                    throw new Exception();
                                }
                            } catch (Exception e) {
                                throw new ParseException(
                                        "A numeric value between 1 and 5 must follow the '#' option",
                                        i);
                            }
                        } else if (c == 'L') {
                            lastdayOfWeek = true;
                            i++;
                        }
                    }
    
                } else {
                    throw new ParseException(
                            "Illegal characters for this position: '" + sub + "'",
                            i);
                }
                if (eval != -1) {
                    incr = 1;
                }
                addToSet(sval, eval, incr, type);
                return (i + 3);
            }
    
            if (c == '?') {
                i++;
                if ((i + 1) < s.length() 
                        && (s.charAt(i) != ' ' && s.charAt(i + 1) != '	')) {
                    throw new ParseException("Illegal character after '?': "
                                + s.charAt(i), i);
                }
                if (type != DAY_OF_WEEK && type != DAY_OF_MONTH) {
                    throw new ParseException(
                                "'?' can only be specfied for Day-of-Month or Day-of-Week.",
                                i);
                }
                if (type == DAY_OF_WEEK && !lastdayOfMonth) {
                    int val = daysOfMonth.last();
                    if (val == NO_SPEC_INT) {
                        throw new ParseException(
                                    "'?' can only be specfied for Day-of-Month -OR- Day-of-Week.",
                                    i);
                    }
                }
    
                addToSet(NO_SPEC_INT, -1, 0, type);
                return i;
            }
    
            if (c == '*' || c == '/') {
                if (c == '*' && (i + 1) >= s.length()) {
                    addToSet(ALL_SPEC_INT, -1, incr, type);
                    return i + 1;
                } else if (c == '/'
                        && ((i + 1) >= s.length() || s.charAt(i + 1) == ' ' || s
                                .charAt(i + 1) == '	')) { 
                    throw new ParseException("'/' must be followed by an integer.", i);
                } else if (c == '*') {
                    i++;
                }
                c = s.charAt(i);
                if (c == '/') { // is an increment specified?
                    i++;
                    if (i >= s.length()) {
                        throw new ParseException("Unexpected end of string.", i);
                    }
    
                    incr = getNumericValue(s, i);
    
                    i++;
                    if (incr > 10) {
                        i++;
                    }
                    if (incr > 59 && (type == SECOND || type == MINUTE)) {
                        throw new ParseException("Increment > 60 : " + incr, i);
                    } else if (incr > 23 && (type == HOUR)) { 
                        throw new ParseException("Increment > 24 : " + incr, i);
                    } else if (incr > 31 && (type == DAY_OF_MONTH)) { 
                        throw new ParseException("Increment > 31 : " + incr, i);
                    } else if (incr > 7 && (type == DAY_OF_WEEK)) { 
                        throw new ParseException("Increment > 7 : " + incr, i);
                    } else if (incr > 12 && (type == MONTH)) {
                        throw new ParseException("Increment > 12 : " + incr, i);
                    }
                } else {
                    incr = 1;
                }
    
                addToSet(ALL_SPEC_INT, -1, incr, type);
                return i;
            } else if (c == 'L') {
                i++;
                if (type == DAY_OF_MONTH) {
                    lastdayOfMonth = true;
                }
                if (type == DAY_OF_WEEK) {
                    addToSet(7, 7, 0, type);
                }
                if(type == DAY_OF_MONTH && s.length() > i) {
                    c = s.charAt(i);
                    if(c == '-') {
                        ValueSet vs = getValue(0, s, i+1);
                        lastdayOffset = vs.value;
                        if(lastdayOffset > 30)
                            throw new ParseException("Offset from last day must be <= 30", i+1);
                        i = vs.pos;
                    }                        
                    if(s.length() > i) {
                        c = s.charAt(i);
                        if(c == 'W') {
                            nearestWeekday = true;
                            i++;
                        }
                    }
                }
                return i;
            } else if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') {
                int val = Integer.parseInt(String.valueOf(c));
                i++;
                if (i >= s.length()) {
                    addToSet(val, -1, -1, type);
                } else {
                    c = s.charAt(i);
                    if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') {
                        ValueSet vs = getValue(val, s, i);
                        val = vs.value;
                        i = vs.pos;
                    }
                    i = checkNext(i, s, val, type);
                    return i;
                }
            } else {
                throw new ParseException("Unexpected character: " + c, i);
            }
    
            return i;
        }
    
        protected int checkNext(int pos, String s, int val, int type)
            throws ParseException {
            
            int end = -1;
            int i = pos;
    
            if (i >= s.length()) {
                addToSet(val, end, -1, type);
                return i;
            }
    
            char c = s.charAt(pos);
    
            if (c == 'L') {
                if (type == DAY_OF_WEEK) {
                    if(val < 1 || val > 7)
                        throw new ParseException("Day-of-Week values must be between 1 and 7", -1);
                    lastdayOfWeek = true;
                } else {
                    throw new ParseException("'L' option is not valid here. (pos=" + i + ")", i);
                }
                TreeSet<Integer> set = getSet(type);
                set.add(val);
                i++;
                return i;
            }
            
            if (c == 'W') {
                if (type == DAY_OF_MONTH) {
                    nearestWeekday = true;
                } else {
                    throw new ParseException("'W' option is not valid here. (pos=" + i + ")", i);
                }
                if(val > 31)
                    throw new ParseException("The 'W' option does not make sense with values larger than 31 (max number of days in a month)", i); 
                TreeSet<Integer> set = getSet(type);
                set.add(val);
                i++;
                return i;
            }
    
            if (c == '#') {
                if (type != DAY_OF_WEEK) {
                    throw new ParseException("'#' option is not valid here. (pos=" + i + ")", i);
                }
                i++;
                try {
                    nthdayOfWeek = Integer.parseInt(s.substring(i));
                    if (nthdayOfWeek < 1 || nthdayOfWeek > 5) {
                        throw new Exception();
                    }
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    throw new ParseException(
                            "A numeric value between 1 and 5 must follow the '#' option",
                            i);
                }
    
                TreeSet<Integer> set = getSet(type);
                set.add(val);
                i++;
                return i;
            }
    
            if (c == '-') {
                i++;
                c = s.charAt(i);
                int v = Integer.parseInt(String.valueOf(c));
                end = v;
                i++;
                if (i >= s.length()) {
                    addToSet(val, end, 1, type);
                    return i;
                }
                c = s.charAt(i);
                if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') {
                    ValueSet vs = getValue(v, s, i);
                    end = vs.value;
                    i = vs.pos;
                }
                if (i < s.length() && ((c = s.charAt(i)) == '/')) {
                    i++;
                    c = s.charAt(i);
                    int v2 = Integer.parseInt(String.valueOf(c));
                    i++;
                    if (i >= s.length()) {
                        addToSet(val, end, v2, type);
                        return i;
                    }
                    c = s.charAt(i);
                    if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') {
                        ValueSet vs = getValue(v2, s, i);
                        int v3 = vs.value;
                        addToSet(val, end, v3, type);
                        i = vs.pos;
                        return i;
                    } else {
                        addToSet(val, end, v2, type);
                        return i;
                    }
                } else {
                    addToSet(val, end, 1, type);
                    return i;
                }
            }
    
            if (c == '/') {
                i++;
                c = s.charAt(i);
                int v2 = Integer.parseInt(String.valueOf(c));
                i++;
                if (i >= s.length()) {
                    addToSet(val, end, v2, type);
                    return i;
                }
                c = s.charAt(i);
                if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') {
                    ValueSet vs = getValue(v2, s, i);
                    int v3 = vs.value;
                    addToSet(val, end, v3, type);
                    i = vs.pos;
                    return i;
                } else {
                    throw new ParseException("Unexpected character '" + c + "' after '/'", i);
                }
            }
    
            addToSet(val, end, 0, type);
            i++;
            return i;
        }
    
        public String getCronExpression() {
            return cronExpression;
        }
        
        public String getExpressionSummary() {
            StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
    
            buf.append("seconds: ");
            buf.append(getExpressionSetSummary(seconds));
            buf.append("
    ");
            buf.append("minutes: ");
            buf.append(getExpressionSetSummary(minutes));
            buf.append("
    ");
            buf.append("hours: ");
            buf.append(getExpressionSetSummary(hours));
            buf.append("
    ");
            buf.append("daysOfMonth: ");
            buf.append(getExpressionSetSummary(daysOfMonth));
            buf.append("
    ");
            buf.append("months: ");
            buf.append(getExpressionSetSummary(months));
            buf.append("
    ");
            buf.append("daysOfWeek: ");
            buf.append(getExpressionSetSummary(daysOfWeek));
            buf.append("
    ");
            buf.append("lastdayOfWeek: ");
            buf.append(lastdayOfWeek);
            buf.append("
    ");
            buf.append("nearestWeekday: ");
            buf.append(nearestWeekday);
            buf.append("
    ");
            buf.append("NthDayOfWeek: ");
            buf.append(nthdayOfWeek);
            buf.append("
    ");
            buf.append("lastdayOfMonth: ");
            buf.append(lastdayOfMonth);
            buf.append("
    ");
            buf.append("years: ");
            buf.append(getExpressionSetSummary(years));
            buf.append("
    ");
    
            return buf.toString();
        }
    
        protected String getExpressionSetSummary(java.util.Set<Integer> set) {
    
            if (set.contains(NO_SPEC)) {
                return "?";
            }
            if (set.contains(ALL_SPEC)) {
                return "*";
            }
    
            StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
    
            Iterator<Integer> itr = set.iterator();
            boolean first = true;
            while (itr.hasNext()) {
                Integer iVal = itr.next();
                String val = iVal.toString();
                if (!first) {
                    buf.append(",");
                }
                buf.append(val);
                first = false;
            }
    
            return buf.toString();
        }
    
        protected String getExpressionSetSummary(java.util.ArrayList<Integer> list) {
    
            if (list.contains(NO_SPEC)) {
                return "?";
            }
            if (list.contains(ALL_SPEC)) {
                return "*";
            }
    
            StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
    
            Iterator<Integer> itr = list.iterator();
            boolean first = true;
            while (itr.hasNext()) {
                Integer iVal = itr.next();
                String val = iVal.toString();
                if (!first) {
                    buf.append(",");
                }
                buf.append(val);
                first = false;
            }
    
            return buf.toString();
        }
    
        protected int skipWhiteSpace(int i, String s) {
            for (; i < s.length() && (s.charAt(i) == ' ' || s.charAt(i) == '	'); i++) {
                ;
            }
    
            return i;
        }
    
        protected int findNextWhiteSpace(int i, String s) {
            for (; i < s.length() && (s.charAt(i) != ' ' || s.charAt(i) != '	'); i++) {
                ;
            }
    
            return i;
        }
    
        protected void addToSet(int val, int end, int incr, int type)
            throws ParseException {
            
            TreeSet<Integer> set = getSet(type);
    
            if (type == SECOND || type == MINUTE) {
                if ((val < 0 || val > 59 || end > 59) && (val != ALL_SPEC_INT)) {
                    throw new ParseException(
                            "Minute and Second values must be between 0 and 59",
                            -1);
                }
            } else if (type == HOUR) {
                if ((val < 0 || val > 23 || end > 23) && (val != ALL_SPEC_INT)) {
                    throw new ParseException(
                            "Hour values must be between 0 and 23", -1);
                }
            } else if (type == DAY_OF_MONTH) {
                if ((val < 1 || val > 31 || end > 31) && (val != ALL_SPEC_INT) 
                        && (val != NO_SPEC_INT)) {
                    throw new ParseException(
                            "Day of month values must be between 1 and 31", -1);
                }
            } else if (type == MONTH) {
                if ((val < 1 || val > 12 || end > 12) && (val != ALL_SPEC_INT)) {
                    throw new ParseException(
                            "Month values must be between 1 and 12", -1);
                }
            } else if (type == DAY_OF_WEEK) {
                if ((val == 0 || val > 7 || end > 7) && (val != ALL_SPEC_INT)
                        && (val != NO_SPEC_INT)) {
                    throw new ParseException(
                            "Day-of-Week values must be between 1 and 7", -1);
                }
            }
    
            if ((incr == 0 || incr == -1) && val != ALL_SPEC_INT) {
                if (val != -1) {
                    set.add(val);
                } else {
                    set.add(NO_SPEC);
                }
                
                return;
            }
    
            int startAt = val;
            int stopAt = end;
    
            if (val == ALL_SPEC_INT && incr <= 0) {
                incr = 1;
                set.add(ALL_SPEC); // put in a marker, but also fill values
            }
    
            if (type == SECOND || type == MINUTE) {
                if (stopAt == -1) {
                    stopAt = 59;
                }
                if (startAt == -1 || startAt == ALL_SPEC_INT) {
                    startAt = 0;
                }
            } else if (type == HOUR) {
                if (stopAt == -1) {
                    stopAt = 23;
                }
                if (startAt == -1 || startAt == ALL_SPEC_INT) {
                    startAt = 0;
                }
            } else if (type == DAY_OF_MONTH) {
                if (stopAt == -1) {
                    stopAt = 31;
                }
                if (startAt == -1 || startAt == ALL_SPEC_INT) {
                    startAt = 1;
                }
            } else if (type == MONTH) {
                if (stopAt == -1) {
                    stopAt = 12;
                }
                if (startAt == -1 || startAt == ALL_SPEC_INT) {
                    startAt = 1;
                }
            } else if (type == DAY_OF_WEEK) {
                if (stopAt == -1) {
                    stopAt = 7;
                }
                if (startAt == -1 || startAt == ALL_SPEC_INT) {
                    startAt = 1;
                }
            } else if (type == YEAR) {
                if (stopAt == -1) {
                    stopAt = MAX_YEAR;
                }
                if (startAt == -1 || startAt == ALL_SPEC_INT) {
                    startAt = 1970;
                }
            }
    
            // if the end of the range is before the start, then we need to overflow into 
            // the next day, month etc. This is done by adding the maximum amount for that 
            // type, and using modulus max to determine the value being added.
            int max = -1;
            if (stopAt < startAt) {
                switch (type) {
                  case       SECOND : max = 60; break;
                  case       MINUTE : max = 60; break;
                  case         HOUR : max = 24; break;
                  case        MONTH : max = 12; break;
                  case  DAY_OF_WEEK : max = 7;  break;
                  case DAY_OF_MONTH : max = 31; break;
                  case         YEAR : throw new IllegalArgumentException("Start year must be less than stop year");
                  default           : throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unexpected type encountered");
                }
                stopAt += max;
            }
    
            for (int i = startAt; i <= stopAt; i += incr) {
                if (max == -1) {
                    // ie: there's no max to overflow over
                    set.add(i);
                } else {
                    // take the modulus to get the real value
                    int i2 = i % max;
    
                    // 1-indexed ranges should not include 0, and should include their max
                    if (i2 == 0 && (type == MONTH || type == DAY_OF_WEEK || type == DAY_OF_MONTH) ) {
                        i2 = max;
                    }
    
                    set.add(i2);
                }
            }
        }
    
        TreeSet<Integer> getSet(int type) {
            switch (type) {
                case SECOND:
                    return seconds;
                case MINUTE:
                    return minutes;
                case HOUR:
                    return hours;
                case DAY_OF_MONTH:
                    return daysOfMonth;
                case MONTH:
                    return months;
                case DAY_OF_WEEK:
                    return daysOfWeek;
                case YEAR:
                    return years;
                default:
                    return null;
            }
        }
    
        protected ValueSet getValue(int v, String s, int i) {
            char c = s.charAt(i);
            StringBuilder s1 = new StringBuilder(String.valueOf(v));
            while (c >= '0' && c <= '9') {
                s1.append(c);
                i++;
                if (i >= s.length()) {
                    break;
                }
                c = s.charAt(i);
            }
            ValueSet val = new ValueSet();
            
            val.pos = (i < s.length()) ? i : i + 1;
            val.value = Integer.parseInt(s1.toString());
            return val;
        }
    
        protected int getNumericValue(String s, int i) {
            int endOfVal = findNextWhiteSpace(i, s);
            String val = s.substring(i, endOfVal);
            return Integer.parseInt(val);
        }
    
        protected int getMonthNumber(String s) {
            Integer integer = monthMap.get(s);
    
            if (integer == null) {
                return -1;
            }
    
            return integer;
        }
    
        protected int getDayOfWeekNumber(String s) {
            Integer integer = dayMap.get(s);
    
            if (integer == null) {
                return -1;
            }
    
            return integer;
        }
    
        ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
        //
        // Computation Functions
        //
        ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    
        public Date getTimeAfter(Date afterTime) {
    
            // Computation is based on Gregorian year only.
            Calendar cl = new java.util.GregorianCalendar(getTimeZone()); 
    
            // move ahead one second, since we're computing the time *after* the
            // given time
            afterTime = new Date(afterTime.getTime() + 1000);
            // CronTrigger does not deal with milliseconds
            cl.setTime(afterTime);
            cl.set(Calendar.MILLISECOND, 0);
    
            boolean gotOne = false;
            // loop until we've computed the next time, or we've past the endTime
            while (!gotOne) {
    
                //if (endTime != null && cl.getTime().after(endTime)) return null;
                if(cl.get(Calendar.YEAR) > 2999) { // prevent endless loop...
                    return null;
                }
    
                SortedSet<Integer> st = null;
                int t = 0;
    
                int sec = cl.get(Calendar.SECOND);
                int min = cl.get(Calendar.MINUTE);
    
                // get second.................................................
                st = seconds.tailSet(sec);
                if (st != null && st.size() != 0) {
                    sec = st.first();
                } else {
                    sec = seconds.first();
                    min++;
                    cl.set(Calendar.MINUTE, min);
                }
                cl.set(Calendar.SECOND, sec);
    
                min = cl.get(Calendar.MINUTE);
                int hr = cl.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY);
                t = -1;
    
                // get minute.................................................
                st = minutes.tailSet(min);
                if (st != null && st.size() != 0) {
                    t = min;
                    min = st.first();
                } else {
                    min = minutes.first();
                    hr++;
                }
                if (min != t) {
                    cl.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0);
                    cl.set(Calendar.MINUTE, min);
                    setCalendarHour(cl, hr);
                    continue;
                }
                cl.set(Calendar.MINUTE, min);
    
                hr = cl.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY);
                int day = cl.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);
                t = -1;
    
                // get hour...................................................
                st = hours.tailSet(hr);
                if (st != null && st.size() != 0) {
                    t = hr;
                    hr = st.first();
                } else {
                    hr = hours.first();
                    day++;
                }
                if (hr != t) {
                    cl.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0);
                    cl.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 0);
                    cl.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, day);
                    setCalendarHour(cl, hr);
                    continue;
                }
                cl.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, hr);
    
                day = cl.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);
                int mon = cl.get(Calendar.MONTH) + 1;
                // '+ 1' because calendar is 0-based for this field, and we are
                // 1-based
                t = -1;
                int tmon = mon;
                
                // get day...................................................
                boolean dayOfMSpec = !daysOfMonth.contains(NO_SPEC);
                boolean dayOfWSpec = !daysOfWeek.contains(NO_SPEC);
                if (dayOfMSpec && !dayOfWSpec) { // get day by day of month rule
                    st = daysOfMonth.tailSet(day);
                    if (lastdayOfMonth) {
                        if(!nearestWeekday) {
                            t = day;
                            day = getLastDayOfMonth(mon, cl.get(Calendar.YEAR));
                            day -= lastdayOffset;
                            if(t > day) {
                                mon++;
                                if(mon > 12) { 
                                    mon = 1;
                                    tmon = 3333; // ensure test of mon != tmon further below fails
                                    cl.add(Calendar.YEAR, 1);
                                }
                                day = 1;
                            }
                        } else {
                            t = day;
                            day = getLastDayOfMonth(mon, cl.get(Calendar.YEAR));
                            day -= lastdayOffset;
                            
                            java.util.Calendar tcal = java.util.Calendar.getInstance(getTimeZone());
                            tcal.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0);
                            tcal.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 0);
                            tcal.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 0);
                            tcal.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, day);
                            tcal.set(Calendar.MONTH, mon - 1);
                            tcal.set(Calendar.YEAR, cl.get(Calendar.YEAR));
                            
                            int ldom = getLastDayOfMonth(mon, cl.get(Calendar.YEAR));
                            int dow = tcal.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK);
    
                            if(dow == Calendar.SATURDAY && day == 1) {
                                day += 2;
                            } else if(dow == Calendar.SATURDAY) {
                                day -= 1;
                            } else if(dow == Calendar.SUNDAY && day == ldom) { 
                                day -= 2;
                            } else if(dow == Calendar.SUNDAY) { 
                                day += 1;
                            }
                        
                            tcal.set(Calendar.SECOND, sec);
                            tcal.set(Calendar.MINUTE, min);
                            tcal.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, hr);
                            tcal.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, day);
                            tcal.set(Calendar.MONTH, mon - 1);
                            Date nTime = tcal.getTime();
                            if(nTime.before(afterTime)) {
                                day = 1;
                                mon++;
                            }
                        }
                    } else if(nearestWeekday) {
                        t = day;
                        day = daysOfMonth.first();
    
                        java.util.Calendar tcal = java.util.Calendar.getInstance(getTimeZone());
                        tcal.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0);
                        tcal.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 0);
                        tcal.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 0);
                        tcal.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, day);
                        tcal.set(Calendar.MONTH, mon - 1);
                        tcal.set(Calendar.YEAR, cl.get(Calendar.YEAR));
                        
                        int ldom = getLastDayOfMonth(mon, cl.get(Calendar.YEAR));
                        int dow = tcal.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK);
    
                        if(dow == Calendar.SATURDAY && day == 1) {
                            day += 2;
                        } else if(dow == Calendar.SATURDAY) {
                            day -= 1;
                        } else if(dow == Calendar.SUNDAY && day == ldom) { 
                            day -= 2;
                        } else if(dow == Calendar.SUNDAY) { 
                            day += 1;
                        }
                            
                    
                        tcal.set(Calendar.SECOND, sec);
                        tcal.set(Calendar.MINUTE, min);
                        tcal.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, hr);
                        tcal.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, day);
                        tcal.set(Calendar.MONTH, mon - 1);
                        Date nTime = tcal.getTime();
                        if(nTime.before(afterTime)) {
                            day = daysOfMonth.first();
                            mon++;
                        }
                    } else if (st != null && st.size() != 0) {
                        t = day;
                        day = st.first();
                        // make sure we don't over-run a short month, such as february
                        int lastDay = getLastDayOfMonth(mon, cl.get(Calendar.YEAR));
                        if (day > lastDay) {
                            day = daysOfMonth.first();
                            mon++;
                        }
                    } else {
                        day = daysOfMonth.first();
                        mon++;
                    }
                    
                    if (day != t || mon != tmon) {
                        cl.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0);
                        cl.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 0);
                        cl.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 0);
                        cl.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, day);
                        cl.set(Calendar.MONTH, mon - 1);
                        // '- 1' because calendar is 0-based for this field, and we
                        // are 1-based
                        continue;
                    }
                } else if (dayOfWSpec && !dayOfMSpec) { // get day by day of week rule
                    if (lastdayOfWeek) { // are we looking for the last XXX day of
                        // the month?
                        int dow = daysOfWeek.first(); // desired
                        // d-o-w
                        int cDow = cl.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK); // current d-o-w
                        int daysToAdd = 0;
                        if (cDow < dow) {
                            daysToAdd = dow - cDow;
                        }
                        if (cDow > dow) {
                            daysToAdd = dow + (7 - cDow);
                        }
    
                        int lDay = getLastDayOfMonth(mon, cl.get(Calendar.YEAR));
    
                        if (day + daysToAdd > lDay) { // did we already miss the
                            // last one?
                            cl.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0);
                            cl.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 0);
                            cl.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 0);
                            cl.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, 1);
                            cl.set(Calendar.MONTH, mon);
                            // no '- 1' here because we are promoting the month
                            continue;
                        }
    
                        // find date of last occurrence of this day in this month...
                        while ((day + daysToAdd + 7) <= lDay) {
                            daysToAdd += 7;
                        }
    
                        day += daysToAdd;
    
                        if (daysToAdd > 0) {
                            cl.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0);
                            cl.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 0);
                            cl.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 0);
                            cl.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, day);
                            cl.set(Calendar.MONTH, mon - 1);
                            // '- 1' here because we are not promoting the month
                            continue;
                        }
    
                    } else if (nthdayOfWeek != 0) {
                        // are we looking for the Nth XXX day in the month?
                        int dow = daysOfWeek.first(); // desired
                        // d-o-w
                        int cDow = cl.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK); // current d-o-w
                        int daysToAdd = 0;
                        if (cDow < dow) {
                            daysToAdd = dow - cDow;
                        } else if (cDow > dow) {
                            daysToAdd = dow + (7 - cDow);
                        }
    
                        boolean dayShifted = false;
                        if (daysToAdd > 0) {
                            dayShifted = true;
                        }
    
                        day += daysToAdd;
                        int weekOfMonth = day / 7;
                        if (day % 7 > 0) {
                            weekOfMonth++;
                        }
    
                        daysToAdd = (nthdayOfWeek - weekOfMonth) * 7;
                        day += daysToAdd;
                        if (daysToAdd < 0
                                || day > getLastDayOfMonth(mon, cl
                                        .get(Calendar.YEAR))) {
                            cl.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0);
                            cl.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 0);
                            cl.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 0);
                            cl.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, 1);
                            cl.set(Calendar.MONTH, mon);
                            // no '- 1' here because we are promoting the month
                            continue;
                        } else if (daysToAdd > 0 || dayShifted) {
                            cl.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0);
                            cl.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 0);
                            cl.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 0);
                            cl.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, day);
                            cl.set(Calendar.MONTH, mon - 1);
                            // '- 1' here because we are NOT promoting the month
                            continue;
                        }
                    } else {
                        int cDow = cl.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK); // current d-o-w
                        int dow = daysOfWeek.first(); // desired
                        // d-o-w
                        st = daysOfWeek.tailSet(cDow);
                        if (st != null && st.size() > 0) {
                            dow = st.first();
                        }
    
                        int daysToAdd = 0;
                        if (cDow < dow) {
                            daysToAdd = dow - cDow;
                        }
                        if (cDow > dow) {
                            daysToAdd = dow + (7 - cDow);
                        }
    
                        int lDay = getLastDayOfMonth(mon, cl.get(Calendar.YEAR));
    
                        if (day + daysToAdd > lDay) { // will we pass the end of
                            // the month?
                            cl.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0);
                            cl.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 0);
                            cl.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 0);
                            cl.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, 1);
                            cl.set(Calendar.MONTH, mon);
                            // no '- 1' here because we are promoting the month
                            continue;
                        } else if (daysToAdd > 0) { // are we swithing days?
                            cl.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0);
                            cl.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 0);
                            cl.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 0);
                            cl.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, day + daysToAdd);
                            cl.set(Calendar.MONTH, mon - 1);
                            // '- 1' because calendar is 0-based for this field,
                            // and we are 1-based
                            continue;
                        }
                    }
                } else { // dayOfWSpec && !dayOfMSpec
                    throw new UnsupportedOperationException(
                            "Support for specifying both a day-of-week AND a day-of-month parameter is not implemented.");
                }
                cl.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, day);
    
                mon = cl.get(Calendar.MONTH) + 1;
                // '+ 1' because calendar is 0-based for this field, and we are
                // 1-based
                int year = cl.get(Calendar.YEAR);
                t = -1;
    
                // test for expressions that never generate a valid fire date,
                // but keep looping...
                if (year > MAX_YEAR) {
                    return null;
                }
    
                // get month...................................................
                st = months.tailSet(mon);
                if (st != null && st.size() != 0) {
                    t = mon;
                    mon = st.first();
                } else {
                    mon = months.first();
                    year++;
                }
                if (mon != t) {
                    cl.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0);
                    cl.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 0);
                    cl.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 0);
                    cl.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, 1);
                    cl.set(Calendar.MONTH, mon - 1);
                    // '- 1' because calendar is 0-based for this field, and we are
                    // 1-based
                    cl.set(Calendar.YEAR, year);
                    continue;
                }
                cl.set(Calendar.MONTH, mon - 1);
                // '- 1' because calendar is 0-based for this field, and we are
                // 1-based
    
                year = cl.get(Calendar.YEAR);
                t = -1;
    
                // get year...................................................
                st = years.tailSet(year);
                if (st != null && st.size() != 0) {
                    t = year;
                    year = st.first();
                } else {
                    return null; // ran out of years...
                }
    
                if (year != t) {
                    cl.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0);
                    cl.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 0);
                    cl.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 0);
                    cl.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, 1);
                    cl.set(Calendar.MONTH, 0);
                    // '- 1' because calendar is 0-based for this field, and we are
                    // 1-based
                    cl.set(Calendar.YEAR, year);
                    continue;
                }
                cl.set(Calendar.YEAR, year);
    
                gotOne = true;
            } // while( !done )
    
            return cl.getTime();
        }
    
        /**
         * Advance the calendar to the particular hour paying particular attention
         * to daylight saving problems.
         * 
         * @param cal the calendar to operate on
         * @param hour the hour to set
         */
        protected void setCalendarHour(Calendar cal, int hour) {
            cal.set(java.util.Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, hour);
            if (cal.get(java.util.Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY) != hour && hour != 24) {
                cal.set(java.util.Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, hour + 1);
            }
        }
    
        /**
         * NOT YET IMPLEMENTED: Returns the time before the given time
         * that the <code>CronExpression</code> matches.
         */ 
        public Date getTimeBefore(Date endTime) { 
            // FUTURE_TODO: implement QUARTZ-423
            return null;
        }
    
        /**
         * NOT YET IMPLEMENTED: Returns the final time that the 
         * <code>CronExpression</code> will match.
         */
        public Date getFinalFireTime() {
            // FUTURE_TODO: implement QUARTZ-423
            return null;
        }
        
        protected boolean isLeapYear(int year) {
            return ((year % 4 == 0 && year % 100 != 0) || (year % 400 == 0));
        }
    
        protected int getLastDayOfMonth(int monthNum, int year) {
    
            switch (monthNum) {
                case 1:
                    return 31;
                case 2:
                    return (isLeapYear(year)) ? 29 : 28;
                case 3:
                    return 31;
                case 4:
                    return 30;
                case 5:
                    return 31;
                case 6:
                    return 30;
                case 7:
                    return 31;
                case 8:
                    return 31;
                case 9:
                    return 30;
                case 10:
                    return 31;
                case 11:
                    return 30;
                case 12:
                    return 31;
                default:
                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("Illegal month number: "
                            + monthNum);
            }
        }
        
    
        private void readObject(java.io.ObjectInputStream stream)
            throws java.io.IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
            
            stream.defaultReadObject();
            try {
                buildExpression(cronExpression);
            } catch (Exception ignore) {
            } // never happens
        }    
        
        @Override
        @Deprecated
        public Object clone() {
            return new CronExpression(this);
        }
    }
    
    class ValueSet {
        public int value;
    
        public int pos;
    }
    View Code

    cron="* * * * * *" 会报错:

    Caused by: java.text.ParseException: Support for specifying both a day-of-week AND a day-of-month parameter is not implemented.

    具体原因:

                boolean dayOfMSpec = !dom.contains(NO_SPEC);
                boolean dayOfWSpec = !dow.contains(NO_SPEC);
    
                if (!dayOfMSpec || dayOfWSpec) {
                    if (!dayOfWSpec || dayOfMSpec) {
                        throw new ParseException(
                                "Support for specifying both a day-of-week AND a day-of-month parameter is not implemented.", 0);
                    }
                }

    day-of-week和day-of-month 的*不能同时存在,需要把一个替换为?

    "* * * * * *" 

    "* * * * * ?" 

    "* * * ? * *" 

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/zno2/p/4758335.html
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