• gorm系列-更新


    Gorm更新操作

    更新所有字段

    Save()默认会更新该对象的所有字段,即使你没有赋值。

    package main
    
    import (
    	"github.com/jinzhu/gorm"
    	_ "github.com/jinzhu/gorm/dialects/mysql"
    )
    
    //1. 定义模型
    type User struct {
    	gorm.Model
    	Name string
    	Age byte
    	Active bool
    }
    
    func main() {
    	//2. 连接Mysql数据库
    	db, err := gorm.Open("mysql","root:123456@tcp(127.0.0.1:3306)/db?charset=utf8mb4&parseTime=True&loc=Local")
    	if err != nil {
    		panic(err)
    	}
    	defer db.Close()
    	//3. 把模型与数据库中的表对应起来
    	db.AutoMigrate(&User{})
    	//4. 创建
    	//u1 := User{Name:"zisefeizhu", Age: 22, Active: true}
    	//db.Create(&u1)
    	//u2 := User{Name:" jingxing", Age: 21, Active:false}
    	//db.Create(&u2)
    	//5. 查询
    	var user User
    	db.First(&user)
    	////6. 更新
    	user.Name = "zisefeizhu"
    	user.Age = 23
    	db.Debug().Save(&user)  //默认会修改所有字段
    	//[2020-04-27 16:07:02]  [0.99ms]  UPDATE `users` SET `created_at` = '2020-04-27 16:06:17', `updated_at` = '2020-04-27 16:07:02', `deleted_at` = NULL, `name` = 'zisefeizhu', `age` = 23, `active` = true  WHERE `users`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND `users`.`id` = 1
    	//[1 rows affected or returned ] 
    }
    

    更新修改字段

    如果你只希望更新指定字段,可以使用Update或者Updates

    // 更新单个属性,如果它有变化
    db.Model(&user).Update("name", "hello")
    //// UPDATE users SET name='hello', updated_at='2013-11-17 21:34:10' WHERE id=111;
    
    // 根据给定的条件更新单个属性
    db.Model(&user).Where("active = ?", true).Update("name", "hello")
    //// UPDATE users SET name='hello', updated_at='2013-11-17 21:34:10' WHERE id=111 AND active=true;
    
    // 使用 map 更新多个属性,只会更新其中有变化的属性
    db.Model(&user).Updates(map[string]interface{}{"name": "hello", "age": 18, "active": false})
    //// UPDATE users SET name='hello', age=18, active=false, updated_at='2013-11-17 21:34:10' WHERE id=111;
    
    // 使用 struct 更新多个属性,只会更新其中有变化且为非零值的字段
    db.Model(&user).Updates(User{Name: "hello", Age: 18})
    //// UPDATE users SET name='hello', age=18, updated_at = '2013-11-17 21:34:10' WHERE id = 111;
    
    // 警告:当使用 struct 更新时,GORM只会更新那些非零值的字段
    // 对于下面的操作,不会发生任何更新,"", 0, false 都是其类型的零值
    db.Model(&user).Updates(User{Name: "", Age: 0, Active: false})
    
    db.Debug().Save(&user)  //默认会修改所有字段
    ///[2020-04-27 16:10:09]  [105.20ms]  UPDATE `users` SET `created_at` = '2020-04-27 16:06:17', `updated_at` = '2020-04-27 16:10:09', `deleted_at` = NULL, `name` = 'zisefeizhu', `age` = 23, `active` = true  WHERE `users`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND `users`.`id` = 1
    //[1 rows affected or returned ]
    db.Debug().Model(&user).Update("name","gengpan")
    //[2020-04-27 16:10:09]  [0.99ms]  UPDATE `users` SET `name` = 'gengpan', `updated_at` = '2020-04-27 16:10:09'  WHERE `users`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND `users`.`id` = 1  
    //[1 rows affected or returned ] 
    

    更新选定字段

    如果你想更新或忽略某些字段,你可以使用 Select,Omit

    db.Model(&user).Select("name").Updates(map[string]interface{}{"name": "hello", "age": 18, "active": false})
    //// UPDATE users SET name='hello', updated_at='2013-11-17 21:34:10' WHERE id=111;
    
    db.Model(&user).Omit("name").Updates(map[string]interface{}{"name": "hello", "age": 18, "active": false})
    //// UPDATE users SET age=18, active=false, updated_at='2013-11-17 21:34:10' WHERE id=111;
    
    package main
    
    import (
       "github.com/jinzhu/gorm"
       _ "github.com/jinzhu/gorm/dialects/mysql"
    )
    
    //1. 定义模型
    type User struct {
       gorm.Model
       Name string
       Age byte
       Active bool
    }
    
    func main() {
       //2. 连接Mysql数据库
       db, err := gorm.Open("mysql","root:123456@tcp(127.0.0.1:3306)/db?charset=utf8mb4&parseTime=True&loc=Local")
       if err != nil {
          panic(err)
       }
       defer db.Close()
       //3. 把模型与数据库中的表对应起来
       db.AutoMigrate(&User{})
       //4. 创建
       //u1 := User{Name:"zisefeizhu", Age: 22, Active: true}
       //db.Create(&u1)
       //u2 := User{Name:" jingxing", Age: 21, Active:false}
       //db.Create(&u2)
       //5. 查询
       var user User
       db.First(&user)
       ////6. 更新
       user.Name = "zisefeizhu"
       user.Age = 23
       //db.Debug().Save(&user)  //默认会修改所有字段
       //db.Debug().Model(&user).Update("name","gengpan")
       m1 := map[string]interface{}{
          "name":"yike",
          "age":22,
          "active":true,
       }
       db.Debug().Model(&user).Updates(m1)  //m1列出来的所有字段都会更新
       //[2020-04-27 16:17:00]  [0.99ms]  UPDATE `users` SET `active` = true, `age` = 22, `name` = 'yike', `updated_at` = '2020-04-27 16:17:00'  WHERE `users`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND `users`.`id` = 1  
       //[1 rows affected or returned ] 
       db.Debug().Model(&user).Select("age").Update(m1)  //只更新age字段
       //[2020-04-27 16:17:00]  [0.97ms]  UPDATE `users` SET `age` = 22, `updated_at` = '2020-04-27 16:17:00'  WHERE `users`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND `users`.`id` = 1  
       //[0 rows affected or returned ] 
       db.Debug().Model(&user).Omit("active").Updates(m1)  //排除m1中的active更新其它字段
       //[2020-04-27 16:17:00]  [1.01ms]  UPDATE `users` SET `age` = 22, `name` = 'yike', `updated_at` = '2020-04-27 16:17:00'  WHERE `users`.`deleted_at` IS NULL AND `users`.`id` = 1  
       //[0 rows affected or returned ] 
    }
    

    无Hooks更新

    上面的更新操作会自动运行 model 的 BeforeUpdate, AfterUpdate 方法,更新 UpdatedAt 时间戳, 在更新时保存其 Associations, 如果你不想调用这些方法,你可以使用 UpdateColumn, UpdateColumns

    // 更新单个属性,类似于 `Update`
    db.Model(&user).UpdateColumn("name", "hello")
    //// UPDATE users SET name='hello' WHERE id = 111;
    
    // 更新多个属性,类似于 `Updates`
    db.Model(&user).UpdateColumns(User{Name: "hello", Age: 18})
    //// UPDATE users SET name='hello', age=18 WHERE id = 111;
    

    批量更新

    批量更新时Hooks(钩子函数)不会运行

    db.Table("users").Where("id IN (?)", []int{10, 11}).Updates(map[string]interface{}{"name": "hello", "age": 18})
    //// UPDATE users SET name='hello', age=18 WHERE id IN (10, 11);
    
    // 使用 struct 更新时,只会更新非零值字段,若想更新所有字段,请使用map[string]interface{}
    db.Model(User{}).Updates(User{Name: "hello", Age: 18})
    //// UPDATE users SET name='hello', age=18;
    
    // 使用 `RowsAffected` 获取更新记录总数
    db.Model(User{}).Updates(User{Name: "hello", Age: 18}).RowsAffected
    

    使用SQL表达式更新

    先查询表中的第一条数据保存至user变量

    var user User
    db.First(&user)
    db.Model(&user).Update("age", gorm.Expr("age * ? + ?", 2, 100))
    //// UPDATE `users` SET `age` = age * 2 + 100, `updated_at` = '2020-02-16 13:10:20'  WHERE `users`.`id` = 1;
    
    db.Model(&user).Updates(map[string]interface{}{"age": gorm.Expr("age * ? + ?", 2, 100)})
    //// UPDATE "users" SET "age" = age * '2' + '100', "updated_at" = '2020-02-16 13:05:51' WHERE `users`.`id` = 1;
    
    db.Model(&user).UpdateColumn("age", gorm.Expr("age - ?", 1))
    //// UPDATE "users" SET "age" = age - 1 WHERE "id" = '1';
    
    db.Model(&user).Where("age > 10").UpdateColumn("age", gorm.Expr("age - ?", 1))
    //// UPDATE "users" SET "age" = age - 1 WHERE "id" = '1' AND quantity > 10;
    
    var user User
    db.First(&user)
    ////6. 更新
    //user.Name = "zisefeizhu"
    //user.Age = 23
    //db.Debug().Save(&user)  //默认会修改所有字段
    //db.Debug().Model(&user).Update("name","gengpan")
    db.Model(&User{}).Update("age",gorm.Expr("age+?",2))
    

    修改Hooks中的值

    如果你想修改 BeforeUpdate, BeforeSave 等 Hooks 中更新的值,你可以使用 scope.SetColumn

    func (user *User) BeforeSave(scope *gorm.Scope) (err error) {
      if pw, err := bcrypt.GenerateFromPassword(user.Password, 0); err == nil {
        scope.SetColumn("EncryptedPassword", pw)
      }
    }
    

    其它更新选项

    // 为 update SQL 添加其它的 SQL
    db.Model(&user).Set("gorm:update_option", "OPTION (OPTIMIZE FOR UNKNOWN)").Update("name", "hello")
    //// UPDATE users SET name='hello', updated_at = '2013-11-17 21:34:10' WHERE id=111 OPTION (OPTIMIZE FOR UNKNOWN);
    
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/zisefeizhu/p/12788074.html
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