Centos7上修改mysql数据目录

通过yum安装的mysql，启动和增加数据库，增加数据如下：
[root@wucl-4 lib]# systemctl start mariadb
[root@wucl-4 lib]# mysql -uroot
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 2
Server version: 5.5.52-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| abc                |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> use abc;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
MariaDB [abc]> show tables;
+---------------+
| Tables_in_abc |
+---------------+
| abc           |
+---------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [abc]> select * from abc;
+------+---------+
| id   | name    |
+------+---------+
|    1 | baoshan |
+------+---------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [abc]> show variables like 'datadir%';
+---------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name | Value           |
+---------------+-----------------+
| datadir       | /var/lib/mysql/ |
+---------------+-----------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

现在将mysql数据目录换成/var/lib/mysql8
操作步骤如下：
1. 停止数据库systemctl start mariadb
2. 修改配置文件/etc/my.conf
    [mysqld]
    datadir=/var/lib/mysql8
    socket=/var/lib/mysql8/mysql.sock
3. 新建mysql8文件夹，将mysql原数据目录中的文件复制到mysql8目录中
    [root@wucl-4 lib]# pwd
    /var/lib
    [root@wucl-4 lib]# mkdir mysql8
    [root@wucl-4 lib]# cp -rf mysql/* mysql8/
4. 修改mysql8目录的所属用户和组
    chown -R mysql:mysql mysql8/
5. 启动mysql数据库
    systemctl start mariadb
6. 访问数据库，查看数据时候迁移成功，查看现在数据目录
[root@wucl-4 lib]# mysql -uroot -S /var/lib/mysql8/mysql.sock 
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 2
Server version: 5.5.52-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| abc                |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> use abc;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
MariaDB [abc]> show tables;
+---------------+
| Tables_in_abc |
+---------------+
| abc           |
+---------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [abc]> select * from abc;
+------+---------+
| id   | name    |
+------+---------+
|    1 | baoshan |
+------+---------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [abc]> show variables like 'datadir%';
+---------------+------------------+
| Variable_name | Value            |
+---------------+------------------+
| datadir       | /var/lib/mysql8/ |
+---------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

前后折腾了好久，mark一下。