web应用的一个本质
- socket网络编程 -> cs架构 协议:tcp/udp 传输层
2 web应用 -> bc架构 协议:Http协议 应用层
tips:
bytes 将字符串转为二进制
str 字节转为字符串
1:socket写网站
2: 路由系统:url-> 函数
3:模板引擎渲染
1自己定义的规则
2使用第三方的工具(jinja2)
def f1():
fp = open("f1.html",'r',encoding="utf-8")
data = fp.read()
import time
ctime = time.time()
data = data.replace("@@content@@",str(ctime))
return bytes(data,encoding="utf-8")
def f2():
fp = open("index.html",'r',encoding="utf-8")
data = fp.read()
return bytes(data,encoding="utf-8")
def f3():
import pymysql
conn = pymysql.connect(host="127.0.0.1",user="root",password="123",database="t1")
cursor = conn.cursor(cursor=pymysql.cursors.DictCursor)
sql = "select * from user"
cursor.execute(sql)
users = cursor.fetchall()
print(users)
user_list = []
for info in users:
res = "<tr><td>%s</td><td>%s</td><td>%s</td></tr>" % (info["id"],info["name"],info["age"])
user_list.append(res)
print(user_list)
s = "".join(user_list)
fp = open("user.html",'r',encoding="utf-8")
data = fp.read()
data = data.replace("@@content@@",s)
return bytes(data,encoding="utf-8")
def f4():
import pymysql
conn = pymysql.connect(host="127.0.0.1", user="root", password="123", database="t1")
cursor = conn.cursor(cursor=pymysql.cursors.DictCursor)
sql = "select * from user"
cursor.execute(sql)
users = cursor.fetchall()
print(users)
fp = open("user2.html","r",encoding="utf-8")
data = fp.read()
### jinja2 模板引擎
from jinja2 import Template
tmplate = Template(data)
data = tmplate.render(users=users)
return bytes(data, encoding="utf-8")
routers = (
("/xxx",f1),
("/ooo",f2),
("/qqq",f3),
("/kkk",f4),
)
def run():
import socket
soc = socket.socket()
soc.bind(("127.0.0.1", 8008))
soc.listen(5)
while True:
conn, addr = soc.accept()
data = conn.recv(8090)
# print(data)
# data转为字符转类型
data_str = str(data)
header_list = data_str.split("
")
headers = header_list[0]
print(headers)
url = headers.split("
")[0].split(" ")[1]
print(url)
function_name = None
for iterm in routers:
if iterm[0] == url:
function_name = iterm[1]
break
if function_name:
res = function_name()
else:
res = bytes("not fond 404 ",encoding="utf-8")
conn.send(bytes("HTTP/1.1 200 ok
", encoding="utf-8"))
conn.send(res)
conn.close()
if __name__ == '__main__':
run()
前端如何接渲染的数据
# 非模板引擎
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<table border="1px">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>ID</th>
<th>age</th>
<th>name</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
@@content@@
</tbody>
</table>
</body>
</html>
## 模板引擎
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>用户</title>
</head>
<body>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<td>ID</td>
<td>age</td>
<td>name</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
{% for item in users %}
<tr>
<td>{{ item.id }}</td>
<td>{{ item.name }}</td>
<td>{{ item.age }}</td>
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</tbody>
</table>
</body>
</html>
由此引入框架的概念
web框架的分类
第一个维度
1.django -- socket(manage.py)引用第三方,(wsgiref/uwsgi(上线之后)),其余都自己写:路由,模板引擎渲染
2.flask --socket,模板引擎 引入第三方,自己写了路由系统
3.tornado(龙卷风),三者都是自己的
第二个维度分类
1.django (功能丰富)大而全 重武器 内部组件多
** Orm,admin,中间件,form,session,缓存,信号,csrf **
2.flask ~短小精悍 可扩展强
3.Tornado ~短小精悍,异步非阻塞