pytesseract结合PIL库进行OCR识别

1.获取需要OCR识别的图片

from PIL import Image
import pytesseract

def screenshots_picture(driver,locator):
    '''
    截取需要被ocr识别的图片
    :param driver:浏览器driver
    :param locator: 元素
    :param fileName: 截图文件名称
    :param screenshots_fileName: 识别图片文件名称
    :return: 识别码
    注意：
        # 如果是retina屏幕,必须要加这个不然，就会出现截取验证的图错误
        # dpr = driver.execute_script('return window.devicePixelRatio')
        # im = Image.open(picture_name1)
        # img = im.crop((left * dpr, top * dpr, right * dpr, height * dpr))

    '''
    try:
        # 截取当前网页，该网页有我们需要的验证码
        name = f'{time.time()}.png'
        fileName = filePictruePath(name)
        driver.save_screenshot(fileName)
        #定位到验证码的元素
        imgelement = driver.find_element(*locator)
        # 获取验证码x,y轴坐标
        location = imgelement.location
        x = int(location['x'])
        y = int(location['y'])
        #获取验证码的长宽
        size = imgelement.size
        width = int(size['width'])
        height = int(size['height'])
        dpr = driver.execute_script('return window.devicePixelRatio')
        # 得到要被截图的位置坐标,通过两点定位要截图的位置
        rangle = (x*dpr,y*dpr,(x+width)*dpr,(y+height)*dpr)
        #打开屏幕截图
        open_fileName = Image.open(fileName)
        # 使用Image的crop函数，从截图中再次截取我们需要的区域
        screenshots = open_fileName.crop(rangle)
        #保存已截取的验证码图片
        ocr_name = f'{time.time()}ocr.png'
        screenshots_fileName = filePictruePath(ocr_name)
        screenshots.save(screenshots_fileName)

        return screenshots_fileName
    except Exception:
        return None

2.OCR识别图片

def ocr_code(screenshots_fileName):
    '''
    ocr识别方法
    :param screenshots_fileName: 被识别的文件名称
    :return: 识别信息
    '''
    # 打开保存的图片
    open_stream = Image.open(screenshots_fileName)
    # 使用pytesseract中的image_to_string方法获取识别验证码
    identify_text = pytesseract.image_to_string(open_stream).strip()
    print(identify_text)
    # 过滤掉会受影响的符号
    identify_text = filter_str(identify_text)
    return identify_text

用到的方法：

def filePictruePath(name):
    '''
    生成文件路径
    :param name:
    :return:
    '''
    file_dir = f"{os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__))}/screenshot/"
    if os.path.exists(file_dir) and os.path.isdir(file_dir):
        pass
    else:
        os.mkdir(file_dir)
    return os.path.join(file_dir,name)

def filter_str(args):
    '''
    过滤字符串中的无效字符
    :param args: 只留数字以及字符串
    :return:
    '''
    new_str = str(args)
    new_str = ''.join(new_str.strip().split())
    str_list = []
    for i in new_str:
        if '0' <= i and i <= '9':
            str_list.append(i)
        elif i.upper() >= 'A' and i.upper() <= 'Z':
            str_list.append(i)
    return ''.join(str_list)

会出现下面的错误：

具体解决办法见：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_31362767/article/details/107891185