和风天气会提供一个API接口,方便其他的开发人员或者是学生,之前做手机APP的时候就使用过,现在回头看数据爬虫的东西,发现之前的接口已经不能用了,好可惜啊。
虽然不能连接,但是展示下思路吧。
1.首先获取所有城市的ID
在https://dev.heweather.com/docs/refer/city下载中国城市的csv文件,运行下面这段代码可以提取所有城市ID:(要去除文件的第一行)
import pandas as pd df = pd.read_csv('china-city-list.csv') for item in df['City_ID']: print(item)
2.完成了城市编码的提取后,下一步就是调用接口获取数据,代码如下:
import requests import time import pandas as pd df = pd.read_csv('china-city-list.csv') for item in df['City_ID']: url = 'https://free-api.heweather.net/s6/weather/now?location=' +item+ '&key=1f0ed5e276a04402bc761d764d8f7cc8' strhtml = requests.get(url) strhtml.encoding = 'utf8' time.sleep(1)
3.存储数据到MongoDB
import requests import pymongo import pandas as pd # 建立链接,其中localhost是主机名,2017是端口号(默认情况下是这个参数) client = pymongo.MongoClient('localhost', 27017) # 新建名为'weather'的数据库 book_weather = client['weather'] # 新建名为'sheet_weather_3'的表 sheet_weather = book_weather['sheet_weather_3'] df = pd.read_csv('china-city-list.csv') for item in df['City_ID']: url = 'https://free-api.heweather.net/s6/weather/now?location=' +item+ '&key=1f0ed5e276a04402bc761d764d8f7cc8' strhtml = requests.get(url) strhtml.encoding = 'utf8' # requests库返回的数据可以编码成JSON格式的数据 dic = strhtml.json() # 写入数据 sheet_weather.insert_one(dic)
MongoDB里没有数据啊。
4.MongoDB查询数据
4.1 查找键 HeWeather6.basic.location 值为北京的数据
import pymongo client = pymongo.MongoClient('localhost', 27017) book_weather = client['weather'] sheet_weather = book_weather['sheet_weather_3'] for item in sheet_weather.find({'HeWeather6.basic.location':"北京"}): print(item)
4.2 查询最低气温大于5度的城市,代码如下:
import pymongo client = pymongo.MongoClient('localhost', 27017) book_weather = client['weather'] sheet_weather = book_weather['sheet_weather_3'] for item in sheet_weather.find(): tmp = item['HeWeather6'][0]['now']['tmp']['min'] # 将表中的气温数据修改为数值型 sheet_weather.update_one({'_id':item['_id']},{'$set':{'HeWeather6.0.now.tmp':int(tmp)}}) # 提取表中最低气温高于5摄氏度的城市 for item in sheet_weather.find({'HeWeather6.0.now.tmp':{'$gt':5}}): print(item['HeWeather6'][0]['basic']['city'])
4.3 查询三天里,天气最低温大于5度的城市,代码如下:
import pymongo client = pymongo.MongoClient('localhost', 27017) book_weather = client['weather'] sheet_weather = book_weather['sheet_weather_3'] for item in sheet_weather.find(): # 因为数据需要3天的天气预报,因此要循环3次 for i in range(3): tmp = item['HeWeather6'][0]['daily_forecast'][i]['tmp']['min'] sheet_weather.update_one({'_id':item['_id']},{'$set':{'HeWeather6.0.daily_forecast.{}.tmp.min'.format(i):int(tmp)}}) for item in sheet_weather.find({'HeWeather6.0.daily_forecast.tmp.min':{'$gt':5}}): print(item['HeWeather6'][0]['basic']['city'])