• servlet中将值以json格式传入


    详细连接https://blog.csdn.net/e_wsq/article/details/71038270
    $('#but_json_json').click(function(){ var j ={"name":"","password":123456}; $.ajax( { url:"servlet/JsonObject", //访问路径 type:"POST", //访问方式 data:j, //传入服务端的数据 dataType:"json", contentType:"application/json;charset=utf-8", success : function(data){ alert(data); alert(data.name); alert(data.password); } } ); }); Servlet: public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { String user = request.getParameter("j"); String name = request.getParameter("name"); String password = request.getParameter("password"); System.out.println(user); //JSON对象 JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(); jsonObject.accumulate("password", password).accumulate("name", "www"); response.setContentType("application/json"); response.getWriter().write(jsonObject.toString());

    现在的问题是,我可以从客户端将Servlet中传出的数据解析,如上面的name=www,但客户端传入的对象
    (var j ={"name":"王","password":123456})在Servlet中取不到,好像是说要先去对象,我觉得应该是,
    毕竟json提供了很多方法将取到到的json数据转换为别的格式,但还是搞不懂。本人新手,第一次接触,希望知道的朋友指定一下,感激不尽!




    答:
    我是这样理解的  首先  对你要传递 给 服务器(servlet)的 json序列化  用JSON.stringify,
    确保我们传递的字符串 符合 json 结构 ,由于我们传递的数据  是以流的形式  传递到服务器,所以我们应该在
    服务器端  读进缓冲区   在转换字符串输出
     public String readJSONString(HttpServletRequest request){
       StringBuffer json = new StringBuffer();
       String line = null;
       try {
       BufferedReader reader = request.getReader();
       while((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
       json.append(line);
       }
       }
       catch(Exception e) {
       System.out.println(e.toString());
       }
       return json.toString();
       }


    }  之后  再转成  jsonObject  对象。就可以取到值了
    还有一点  要注意  编码格式

    =============================================================

    详细连接 https://www.cnblogs.com/TheGCC/p/8891251.html

    JSON数据格式:

    JSON(JavaScript Object Notation) 是一种轻量级的数据交换格式。 易于人阅读和编写。同时也易于机器解析和生成。 它基于的一个子集。 JSON采用完全独立于语言的文本格式,但是也使用了类似于C语言家族的习惯(包括C, C++, C#, Java, JavaScript, Perl, Python等)。 这些特性使JSON成为理想的数据交换语言。

    JSON建构于两种结构:

    (1)“名称/值”对的集合(A collection of name/value pairs)。不同的语言中,它被理解为对象(object),纪录(record),结构(struct),字典(dictionary),哈希表(hash table),有键列表(keyed list),或者关联数组 (associative array)。

    (2)值的有序列表(An ordered list of values)。在大部分语言中,它被理解为数组(array)。

    JSON具体的表现形式:

    (1)对象是一个无序的“‘名称/值’对”集合。一个对象以“{”(左括号)开始,“}”(右括号)结束。每个“名称”后跟一个“:”(冒号);“‘名称/值’ 对”之间使用“,”(逗号)分隔。

    例:{“name”:“zhangsan”} //单属性        或者多个属性     {“name”:“lisi”,“sex”:“男” } // 具体对象

    (2)数组是值(value)的有序集合。一个数组以“[”(左中括号)开始,“]”(右中括号)结束。值之间使用“,”(逗号)分隔。

    例: ["value1","value2","value3"] //数组形式     [{“name”:“zhangsan1”},{“name”:“zhangsan2”},{“name”:“zhangsan3”}] //对象数组

     Servlet与前端ajax的数据交互:

    主要流程为  前端获取数据通过ajax的异步传输传至servlet,servlet处理数据后,通过response回传至前端页面。

    注意: 一般在传输过程中会遇到两个比较常见的问题,第一就是传回前端时乱码问题,这个问题可以通过 在servlet处理方法中加入:response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8")解决;第二就是传至前端后,不会触发ajax中的回调函数,原因是因为servlet传回的json数据格式不合法而没有触发ajax的success状态。

    关于servlet返回的json数据处理方法:

    (1)自己拼接json字符串(出错率较高),使其数据满足json格式

    JSON对于servlet处理格式要求,键必须加双引号,值分为字符串和数字,数字可不加引号,字符串必须加引号

    例:      {“"name":"zhansan", "age":13, "sex":"男" }   // 这种为标准格式,字符串类型加引号,纯数字可不加

    将一个独立对象转为以上的格式的字符串形式,才可以通过response.getWrite.append()传至前端 ajax 中,成功处罚回调函数

       String  result = "{"+"/"name/""+":"+"/""+name+"/""+","+"/"age/""+":"+"/""+age+"/""+","+"/"sex/""+":"+"/""+sex+"/""+"}";

    (2)调用第三方封装好的  json 数据转换方法(个人使用的是Gson,链接地址:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1Yu91BYlqoJSXpzk37ZXZ6g

    建议使用这种方法,高效,简洁,适用于各种数据集合(list,map等)。详细使用可看下列实例(具体代码1)。

    具体实例代码1(采用第一种字符串拼接方式)

    <html>
    <head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
    <title>Insert title here</title>
    <script src="https://apps.bdimg.com/libs/jquery/2.1.4/jquery.min.js"></script>
    </head>
    <body>
        <div class="box">
              <table>
                <tr>
                  <td>姓名</td>
                  <td><input name="username" type="text"></td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>性别</td>
                  <td><input name="sex" type="text"></td>
                </tr>  
                <tr>
                  <td>年龄</td>
                  <td><input name="age" type="text"></td>
                </tr>  
                <tr>
                  <td>手机号</td>
                  <td><input name="phone" type="text"></td>
                </tr>    
                <tr><td><button>提交</button></td></tr>
              </table>   
        </div>
          <div>
          <table>
                                     信息返回
                <tr>
                  <td>姓名</td>
                  <td id="name"></td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>性别</td>
                  <td id="sex"></td>
                </tr>  
                <tr>
                  <td>年龄</td>
                  <td id="age"></td>
                </tr>  
                <tr>
                  <td>手机号</td>
                  <td id="phone"></td>
                </tr>    
              </table>  
        </div>  
        <script>
          $(function(){
                $("button").click(function(){  
                    $.post("AjaxTest",
                            {'username':$("input[name=username]").val(),
                             'sex':$("input[name=sex]").val(),
                             'age':$("input[name=age]").val(),
                             'phone':$("input[name=phone]").val()},
                            function(data,textStatus){
                                 console.log(textStatus); 
                                 console.log(data.username);
                                $("#name").html(data.username);
                                $("#sex").html(data.sex);
                                $("#age").html(data.age);
                                $("#phone").html(data.phone); 
                            },"json");
              });
             
           })
        </script>
    </body>
    </html>

    后端servlet部分(字符串拼接)

    servlet部分
    @WebServlet("/AjaxTest")
    public class AjaxTest extends HttpServlet {
        private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
           
        /**
         * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
         */
        public AjaxTest() {
            super();
            // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
        }
    
        /**
         * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
         */
        protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            String name = request.getParameter("username");
            String sex = request.getParameter("sex");
            String age = request.getParameter("age");
            String phone = request.getParameter("phone");
             response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");  
             response.setContentType("application/json");  
            
            
            User one = new User(name,sex,age,phone);
            String result = one.toString();
            System.out.println(result);
            response.getWriter().append(result);
        }
    
        /**
         * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
         */
        protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            doGet(request, response);
        }
    
    
    User类
    
    public class User  {
      private String username;
      private String sex;
      private String age;
      private String phone;
      public User(String username, String sex, String age, String phone) {
    
        this.username = username;
        this.sex = sex;
        this.age = age;
        this.phone = phone;
    }
      
    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }
    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }
    public String getSex() {
        return sex;
    }
    public void setSex(String sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }
    public String getAge() {
        return age;
    }
    public void setAge(String age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
    public String getPhone() {
        return phone;
    }
    public void setPhone(String phone) {
        this.phone = phone;
    }
    
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "{" +  ""username"" + ':' + """+ username +""" + ","+ ""sex""+':' +""" +sex +"""+','+ ""age""+':' + """ + age + """ +','+""phone""+':' + """+phone+""" + "}";
    }
    }

    具体实例代码2(采用gson转换json方式处理)

    前端代码(含ajax)

    <html>
    <head>
    
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
    <title>Insert title here</title>
    <script src="https://apps.bdimg.com/libs/jquery/2.1.4/jquery.min.js"></script>
    </head>
    <body>
    <input type="text" name="cc"  / >
    <input type="submit" />
    <div>
         姓名:<span id="name"></span> <br/>
         性别:<span id="sex"></span><br/>
         年龄: <span id="age"></span>      
    </div>
    </form>
      <script type="text/javascript">
           $(function(){
               $("input[type=submit]").click(function(){
                   $.post("ajax",
                       {"cc":$("input[name=cc]").val()},
                     function(data,textStatus){
                          console.log(data.name); 
                          $("#name").html(data.name);
                          $("#sex").html(data.sex);
                          $("#age").html(data.age);
                       },
                     "json"   
                   );
                });
               
           })
      </script>
    </body>
    </html>

    servlet部分(调用gson方法)

    servlet部分
    @WebServlet("/ajax")
    public class ajax extends HttpServlet {
        private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
           
        /**
         * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
         */
        public ajax() {
            super();
            // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
        }
        /**
         * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
         */
        protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
            String c = request.getParameter("cc");
            System.out.println(c);
            User one = new User(c, "", 13);
            Gson gson = new Gson();
            String result = gson.toJson(one);
            response.getWriter().append(result);
            
        }
        /**
         * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
         */
        protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            doGet(request, response);
        }
    
    }
    
    User类部分
    
    public class User {
      private String name;
      private String sex;
      private int age;
    public User(String name, String sex, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.sex = sex;
        this.age = age;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getSex() {
        return sex;
    }
    public void setSex(String sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }
    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }
    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
      
    }

    具体实例代码3(多组数据传至ajax)

    前端代码(含ajax) 

    <html>
    <head>
    
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
    <title>Insert title here</title>
    <script src="https://apps.bdimg.com/libs/jquery/2.1.4/jquery.min.js"></script>
    </head>
    <body>
    <input type="text" name="ceshi">
    <input type="submit" value="获取名单"/>
    <table id="table">
    
    </table>
    </form>
      <script type="text/javascript">
           $(function(){
               $("input[type=submit]").click(function(){
                   $.post("ajax",
                       {"ceshi":$("input[name=ceshi]").val()},
                     function(data,textStatus){
                          console.log(data); 
                          for(var i = 0;i<data.length; i++)
                            {
                             $("#table").append( $("<tr></tr>")
                                     .append($("<td></td>").html(data[i].name))
                                     .append($("<td></td>").html(data[i].sex))
                                     .append($("<td></td>").html(data[i].age)));
                            }
                       },
                     "json"   
                   );
                });
               
           })
      </script>
    </body>
    </html>

    servlet部分(调用gson方法处理数据)

    servlet部分
    @WebServlet("/ajax")
    public class ajax extends HttpServlet {
        private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
           
        /**
         * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
         */
        public ajax() {
            super();
            // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
        }
        /**
         * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
         */
        protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
            String string = request.getParameter("ceshi");
            Gson gson = new Gson();
            List list = new ArrayList();
            User one = new User("张三", "", 13);
            User two = new User("李四","", 15);
            User three = new User("王五","", 20);
            list.add(one);
            list.add(two);
            list.add(three);
            
            String result = gson.toJson(list);    
            response.getWriter().append(result);
        }
        /**
         * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
         */
        protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            doGet(request, response);
        }
    
    }
    
    User类
    
    
    public class User {
      private String name;
      private String sex;
      private int age;
    public User(String name, String sex, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.sex = sex;
        this.age = age;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getSex() {
        return sex;
    }
    public void setSex(String sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }
    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }
    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
      
    }
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/zhulina-917/p/10511053.html
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