PHP自带的函数如strlen()、mb_strlen()都是通过计算字符串所占字节数来统计字符串长度的,一个英文字符占1字节。例:
$enStr = 'Hello,China!';
echo strlen($enStr); // 输出:12
而中文则不然,做中文网站一般会选择两种编码:gbk/gb2312或是utf-8。utf-8能兼容更多的字符,所以受到很多站长的喜爱。gbk与utf-8对中文的编码不同,导致中文在gbk与utf-8编码下所占字节也有差异。
gbk编码下每个中文字符所占字节为2,例:
$zhStr = '您好,中国!';
echo strlen($zhStr); // 输出:12
utf-8编码下每个中文字符所占字节为3,例:
$zhStr = '您好,中国!';
echo strlen($zhStr); // 输出:18
/** * * 中英混合字符串长度判断 * @param unknown_type $str * @param unknown_type $charset */ function strLength($str, $charset = 'utf-8') { if ($charset == 'utf-8') $str = iconv ( 'utf-8', 'gb2312', $str ); $num = strlen ( $str ); $cnNum = 0; for($i = 0; $i < $num; $i ++) { if (ord ( substr ( $str, $i + 1, 1 ) ) > 127) { $cnNum ++; $i ++; } } $enNum = $num - ($cnNum * 2); $number = ($enNum / 2) + $cnNum; return ceil ( $number ); }
/** * * 中英混合的字符串截取 * @param unknown_type $sourcestr * @param unknown_type $cutlength */ function cut_str($sourcestr, $cutlength) { $returnstr = ''; $i = 0; $n = 0; $str_length = strlen ( $sourcestr ); //字符串的字节数 while ( ($n < $cutlength) and ($i <= $str_length) ) { $temp_str = substr ( $sourcestr, $i, 1 ); $ascnum = Ord ( $temp_str ); //得到字符串中第$i位字符的ascii码 if ($ascnum >= 224) //如果ASCII位高与224, { $returnstr = $returnstr . substr ( $sourcestr, $i, 3 ); //根据UTF-8编码规范,将3个连续的字符计为单个字符 $i = $i + 3; //实际Byte计为3 $n ++; //字串长度计1 } elseif ($ascnum >= 192) //如果ASCII位高与192, { $returnstr = $returnstr . substr ( $sourcestr, $i, 2 ); //根据UTF-8编码规范,将2个连续的字符计为单个字符 $i = $i + 2; //实际Byte计为2 $n ++; //字串长度计1 } elseif ($ascnum >= 65 && $ascnum <= 90) //如果是大写字母, { $returnstr = $returnstr . substr ( $sourcestr, $i, 1 ); $i = $i + 1; //实际的Byte数仍计1个 $n ++; //但考虑整体美观,大写字母计成一个高位字符 } else //其他情况下,包括小写字母和半角标点符号, { $returnstr = $returnstr . substr ( $sourcestr, $i, 1 ); $i = $i + 1; //实际的Byte数计1个 $n = $n + 0.5; //小写字母和半角标点等与半个高位字符宽... } } if ($str_length > $cutlength) { $returnstr = $returnstr . "..."; //超过长度时在尾处加上省略号 } return $returnstr; }
附加:
// 中文字符串截取 function msubstr($str, $start = 0, $length, $charset = "utf-8", $suffix = true) { switch ($charset) { case 'utf-8': $char_len = 3; break; case 'UTF8': $char_len = 3; break; default: $char_len = 2; } // 小于指定长度,直接返回 if ( strlen($str) <= ($length * $char_len) ) { return $str; } if ( function_exists("mb_substr") ) { $slice = mb_substr($str, $start, $length, $charset); } else if ( function_exists('iconv_substr') ) { $slice = iconv_substr($str, $start, $length, $charset); } else { $re['utf-8'] = "/[x01-x7f]|[xc2-xdf][x80-xbf]|[xe0-xef][x80-xbf]{2}|[xf0-xff][x80-xbf]{3}/"; $re['gb2312'] = "/[x01-x7f]|[xb0-xf7][xa0-xfe]/"; $re['gbk'] = "/[x01-x7f]|[x81-xfe][x40-xfe]/"; $re['big5'] = "/[x01-x7f]|[x81-xfe]([x40-x7e]|xa1-xfe])/"; preg_match_all($re[$charset], $str, $match); $slice = join("", array_slice($match[0], $start, $length)); } if ( $suffix ) { return $slice . "…"; } return $slice; }