• 二叉树的递归遍历非递归遍历以及其他二叉树的相关操作实现(数据结构)


    /*

    *数据结构(C++)

    *二叉树的相关操作

    *二叉树的建立

    *二叉树的有序建立

    *二叉树的先序、中序、后序遍历递归实现以及非递归实现算法

    *二叉树的层序遍历

    *求二叉树的高度、节点个数、叶子节点数

    *二叉树的销毁

    *样例输入ab##cdd#e###,先序的方式,遇到空指针就是输入#

    */

    #include <iostream>

    #include<stack>

    #include<queue>

    using namespace std;

    typedef char ElementType;

    typedef struct Node

    {

          int data;

          Node*next;

    }Node;

     

    typedef struct Leaf

    {

          ElementType data;

          Leaf*left;

          Leaf*right;

    }Leaf;

    //二叉树的建立

    Leaf*create()

    {

          Leaf *p=NULL;

          ElementType temp;

          cin>>temp;

          if('#'==temp)

               return NULL;

          p=new Leaf;

          p->data=temp;

          p->left=create();

          p->right=create();

          return p;

    }

    //二叉树的插入排序,按字母由小到大的顺序(中序输出为从小到大的顺序)(样例输入fabcwrzoutd#)

    Leaf*createByorder()

    {

          Leaf*head=NULL;

          ElementType data;

          cout<<"请输入:(按#结束输入) ";

          while(cin>>data)

          {

               if(data=='#')

                     break;

               Leaf*p=new Leaf;

               p->data=data;

               p->left=NULL;

               p->right=NULL;

               if(NULL==head)

               {

                     head=p;

               }

               else

               {

                     Leaf*q=head;

                     while(q!=NULL)

                     {

                          if(p->data<q->data)

                          {

                                if(!q->left)

                                {

                                      q->left=p;

                                      break;

                                }

                                q=q->left;       

                          }

                          else

                          {

                                if(!q->right)

                                {

                                      q->right=p;

                                      break;

                                }

                                q=q->right;    

                          }

                     }

               }

          }

          return head;

    }

    //二叉树的先序遍历

    void firstOrder(Leaf*head)

    {

          if(!head)

               return;

          cout<<head->data<<"  ";

          firstOrder(head->left);

          firstOrder(head->right);

    }

    //二叉树先序遍历非递归实现

    void firstOrderNot(Leaf*head)

    {

          stack<Leaf*>s;

          s.push(head);

          while(!s.empty())

          {

               Leaf*temp=s.top();

               s.pop();

               if(temp)

               {

                     cout<<temp->data<<"  ";

                     s.push(temp->right);

                     s.push(temp->left);

               }

          }

    }

    //二叉树的中序遍历

    void middleOrder(Leaf *head)

    {

          if(!head)

               return;

          middleOrder(head->left);

          cout<<head->data<<"  ";

          middleOrder(head->right);

    }

    void inOrder2(Leaf *root)      //非递归中序遍历(网上其他人的实现方法)

    {

        stack<Leaf*> s;

        Leaf *p=root;

        while(p!=NULL||!s.empty())

        {

            while(p!=NULL)

            {

                s.push(p);

                     p=p->left;

            }

            if(!s.empty())

            {

                p=s.top();

                cout<<p->data<<" ";

                s.pop();

                     p=p->right;

            }

        }   

    }

    //二叉树的中序遍历非递归实现

    void middleOrderNot(Leaf*head)

    {

     

          if(!head)

               return;

          stack<Leaf*>s;

          s.push(head);

          Leaf*q=NULL;

          bool flag=true;

          while (!s.empty())

          {

               q=s.top();

               while (q->left&&flag)

               {

                     s.push(q->left);

                     q=q->left;

               }

               flag=false;

               Leaf*temp=s.top();

               s.pop();

               if(temp){

                     cout<<temp->data<<"  ";

                     if(temp->right)

                     {

                          s.push(temp->right);

                          flag=true;

                     }

               }

          }

    }

    //二叉树的后序遍历

    void lastOrder(Leaf*head)

    {

          if(!head)

               return;

          lastOrder(head->left);

          lastOrder(head->right);

          cout<<head->data<<"  ";

    }

    //二叉树的后序遍历非递归实现

    void lastOrderNot(Leaf*head)

    {

          if(!head)

               return;

          stack<Leaf*>s;

          Leaf*p=head;

          Leaf*visted=NULL;

          while(p!=NULL||(!s.empty()))

          {

               while(p!=NULL)

               {

                     s.push(p);

                     p=p->left;

               }

               p=s.top();

               if(p->right==NULL||p->right==visted)

               {

                     cout<<p->data<<" ";

                     s.pop();

                     visted=p;

                     p=NULL;

               }

               else

               {

                     p=p->right;

               }

          }

    }

     

    //二叉树层序遍历

    void floorOrder(Leaf*head)

    {

          if(!head)

               return;

          queue<Leaf*> q;

          q.push(head);

          while (!q.empty())

          {

               Leaf*temp=q.front();

               q.pop();

               if(temp)

               {

                     cout<<temp->data<<"  ";

                     q.push(temp->left);

                     q.push(temp->right);

               }

          }

    }

     

    //求二叉树的高度

    int gettHeight(Leaf *head)

    {

          if(!head)

               return 0;

          int left=1+gettHeight(head->left);

          int right=1+gettHeight(head->right);

          return left>right?left:right;

    }

     

    //二叉树的节点个数

    int getCount(Leaf*head)

    {

          if(!head)

               return 0;

          int left=getCount(head->left);

          int right=getCount(head->right);

          return left+right+1;

    }

    //二叉树的叶子节点个数

    int getLeafCount(Leaf*head)

    {

          static int count=0;

          if(!head)

               return 0;

          if((!head->left)&&(!head->right))

                     count++;

          getLeafCount(head->left);

          getLeafCount(head->right);

          return count;

    }

    //二叉树内存空间释放

    void destroy(Leaf*&head)

    {

          if(!head)

               return;

          destroy(head->left);

          destroy(head->right);

          delete(head);

          head=NULL;

    }

    //int main()

    //{

    //    cout<<"按字母从小到大的顺序建立二叉树: ";

    //    Leaf*head=createByorder();

    //    //cout<<"请输入二叉树,如果是空指针,请用#代替"<<endl;

    //    //Leaf *head=create();

    //    cout<<" 二叉树的先序遍历输出:";

    //    firstOrder(head);

    //    cout<<" 二叉树的先序遍历非递归输出:";

    //    firstOrderNot(head);

    //    cout<<" 二叉树的中序遍历输出:";

    //    middleOrder(head);

    //    cout<<" 二叉树的中序遍历非递归输出:";

    //    middleOrderNot(head);

    //    cout<<" 二叉树的后序遍历输出:";

    //    lastOrder(head);

    //    cout<<" 二叉树后序遍历非递归输出:";

    //    lastOrderNot(head);

    //    cout<<" 二叉树的层序遍历:";

    //    floorOrder(head);

    //    cout<<" 二叉树的高度为:";

    //    cout<<gettHeight(head);

    //    cout<<" 二叉树的节点个数为:";

    //    cout<<getCount(head);

    //    cout<<" 二叉树的叶子节点个数为:";

    //    cout<<getLeafCount(head);

    //    cout<<" 二叉树正在销毁。。。。";

    //    destroy(head);

    //    if(!head)

    //         cout<<" 二叉树已经销毁 ";

    //    return 0;

    //}

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/zhaolizhen/p/Tree.html
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