一、MySQL 多实例
1、简介
什么使多实例呢？
多实例就是在一台机器上开启多个不同的服务端口（如：3306,3307）；
运行多个MySQL服务进程，这些进程通过不同的socket监听不同的服务端口来提供各自的服务。
MySQL多实例共用一个 MySQL 的安装程序，使用不同（也可相同）的 my.cnf 配置文件，启动程序和数据文件。
在提供服务时，多实例 MySQL 在逻辑上是各自独立的，多个实例的本身是根据配置文件对应的设定值，来获得服务器的相关硬件资源多少。
2、安装配置前操作
安装配置前的一些配置少不了
文件的目录最好也规矩，这样才专业
/data/ops/app/mysql-5.6.23/ ###mysql的安装路径
mkdir /data/ops/app/mysql-5.6.23/{3306,3307}
vim /data/ops/app/mysql-5.6.23/etc/3306.cnf
[client]
character-set-server = utf8
[mysql]
character-set-server = utf8
[mysqld]
#bind-address=127.0.0.1
character-set-server = utf8
datadir=/data/ops/app/mysql-5.6.23/3306
socket=/data/ops/app/mysql-5.6.23/3306/3306.sock
user=mysql
skip-grant-tables
symbolic-links=0
skip-name-resolve
#init-connect='insert into accesslog.accesslog(id, time, localname, matchname) values(connection_id(), now(), user(),current_user());'
slow_query_log = 1
long_query_time = 4
#slow-query-log-file = /data/ops/app/mysql-5.6.23/logs/3306/3306_slow.log
log-queries-not-using-indexes = false
lower-case-table-names = 1
server-id = 1
max_connections =5000
max_allowed_packet = 16M
connect_timeout = 60
log-slave-updates
log-bin = 3306-bin
expire_logs_days = 7
slave-skip-errors = 1062
#binlog_do_db =
back_log = 200
max_connect_errors = 10
table_open_cache = 10240
binlog_cache_size = 1M
max_heap_table_size = 64M
sort_buffer_size = 4M
join_buffer_size = 4M
thread_cache_size = 8
thread_concurrency = 8
query_cache_size = 512M
query_cache_limit = 2M
ft_min_word_len = 4
thread_stack = 192K
transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ
tmp_table_size = 64M
binlog_format = mixed
log-short-format
key_buffer_size = 512M
read_buffer_size = 16M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
innodb_file_per_table
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 100M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1G
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:12M;ibdata2:12M:autoextend
innodb_file_io_threads = 4
innodb_thread_concurrency = 8
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
innodb_log_file_size = 256M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120
slave-skip-errors = 1062
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/data/ops/app/mysql-5.6.23/logs/3306/3306.log
pid-file=/data/ops/app/mysql-5.6.23/3306/3306.pid
vim /data/ops/app/mysql-5.6.23/etc/3307.cnf ### 配置文件 [client] character-set-server = utf8 [mysql] character-set-server = utf8 [mysqld] #bind-address=127.0.0.1 character-set-server = utf8 datadir=/data/ops/app/mysql-5.6.23/3307 socket=/data/ops/app/mysql-5.6.23/3307/3307.sock user=mysql skip-grant-tables symbolic-links=0 skip-name-resolve #init-connect='insert into accesslog.accesslog(id, time, localname, matchname) values(connection_id(), now(), user(),current_user());' slow_query_log = 1 long_query_time = 4 slow-query-log-file = /data/ops/app/mysql-5.6.23/logs/3307/3307_slow.log log-queries-not-using-indexes = false lower-case-table-names = 1 server-id = 1 max_connections =5000 max_allowed_packet = 16M connect_timeout = 60 log-slave-updates log-bin = 3307-bin expire_logs_days = 7 slave-skip-errors = 1062 #binlog_do_db = back_log = 200 max_connect_errors = 10 table_open_cache = 10240 binlog_cache_size = 1M max_heap_table_size = 64M sort_buffer_size = 4M join_buffer_size = 4M thread_cache_size = 8 thread_concurrency = 8 query_cache_size = 512M query_cache_limit = 2M ft_min_word_len = 4 thread_stack = 192K transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ tmp_table_size = 64M binlog_format = mixed log-short-format key_buffer_size = 512M read_buffer_size = 16M read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M innodb_file_per_table innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 100M innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1G innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:12M;ibdata2:12M:autoextend innodb_file_io_threads = 4 innodb_thread_concurrency = 8 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2 innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M innodb_log_file_size = 256M innodb_log_files_in_group = 3 innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90 innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120 slave-skip-errors = 1062 [mysqld_safe] log-error=/data/ops/app/mysql-5.6.23/logs/3307/3307.log pid-file=/data/ops/app/mysql-5.6.23/3307/3307.pid
###创建初始化脚本以及启动文件
vim /data/ops/app/mysql-5.6.23/scripts/init/3306.sh #/bin/bash # 3306.sh can create a 3306 instance # create directories if [ ! -d '/data/ops/app/mysql-5.6.23/3306' ];then mkdir -p '/data/ops/app/mysql-5.6.23/3306'; fi if [ ! -d '/data/ops/app/mysql-5.6.23/logs/3306' ];then mkdir -p '/data/ops/app/mysql-5.6.23/logs/3306'; fi # set env conf="/data/ops/app/mysql-5.6.23/etc/3306.cnf" basedir="/data/ops/app/mysql-5.6.23" datadir="/data/ops/app/mysql-5.6.23/3306" pid="/data/ops/app/mysql-5.6.23/3306/3306.pid" sock="/data/ops/app/mysql-5.6.23/3306/3306.sock" port='3000' user='mysql' # create instance #/data/ops/app/mysql-5.6.23/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=$user --basedir=$basedir --datadir=$datadir # boot instance /data/ops/app/mysql-5.6.23/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=$conf --user=$user --basedir=$basedir --datadir=$datadir --port=$port --pid-file=$pid --socket=$sock &
vim /data/ops/app/mysql-5.6.23/scripts/init/3307.sh #/bin/bash # 3307.sh can create a 3307 instance # create directories if [ ! -d '/data/ops/app/mysql-5.6.23/3307' ];then mkdir -p '/data/ops/app/mysql-5.6.23/3307'; fi if [ ! -d '/data/ops/app/mysql-5.6.23/logs/3307' ];then mkdir -p '/data/ops/app/mysql-5.6.23/logs/3307'; fi # set env conf="/data/ops/app/mysql-5.6.23/etc/3307.cnf" basedir="/data/ops/app/mysql-5.6.23" datadir="/data/ops/app/mysql-5.6.23/3307" pid="/data/ops/app/mysql-5.6.23/3307/3307.pid" sock="/data/ops/app/mysql-5.6.23/3307/3307.sock" port='3002' user='mysql' # create instance #/data/ops/app/mysql-5.6.23/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=$user --basedir=$basedir --datadir=$datadir # boot instance /data/ops/app/mysql-5.6.23/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=$conf --user=$user --basedir=$basedir --datadir=$datadir --port=$port --pid-file=$pid --socket=$sock &
#####注意初始化脚本完毕以后mysql才能启动
su --shell=/bin/bash mysql -c "/data/ops/app/mysql-5.6.23/scripts/init/3306.sh" ###启动脚本 可以放在/etc/rc.local下 开机自启
su --shell=/bin/bash mysql -c "/data/ops/app/mysql-5.6.23/scripts/init/3307.sh"
####mysql关闭
killall mysqld 不建议这样操作
mysqladmin -u mysql -P 3002 -S /data/ops/app/mysql-5.6.23/3307/3307.sock shutdown ###建议这样关闭数据库
增加一个mysql实例
问题又来了，要增加一个实例怎么弄呢？
其实不难，只需按上面步骤，创建目录，在修改相应配置文件，初始化就ok