• 软件工程概论个人作业02


    这周的四则运算项目要求增多:主要有以下几个方面

    编程思路:

    1.随着老板所列出的要求的增多,必须将控制参数的实现都封装在函数中,以便程序的理解和规范性。

    2.根据出题的难度,随机数确定运算式包含的参数个数,随机数确定符号,参数个数比运算符号多一个,生成题目;

    3.将题目传给栈,由栈计算结果,并返回结果;

    4.用随机数确定加减的运算数,根据随机数确定加减法还是乘除法(2个运算符还是4个运算符),比对输入的结果,若有余数则输入余数(以字符串形式保存);

    5.设计分数类,其中包括分数的加减乘除以及输出形式的函数。(真分数,先产生分母,之后产生0-分母数值的分子);

    6.括号的实现,设运算式长度为n,则可建立一个长度为n的数组名为KuoHao[],记录每个元素周围的括号情况,0为无括号,正数为左括号,负数为右括号。则可以产生的括号的长度(即括号包围的运算数的个数)为2 ~ (n-1),利用for循环控制括号的长度,循环变量 i 为2 ~ (n - 1),循环体是另一个循环,循环变量 j 为0 ~ (n - i + 1) (即可以加左括号的运算数的位置),如果括号添加正确,其相对应值相加为0,否则添加不正确。

     代码:

    package hh;
    
    import java.util.Random;
    import java.util.Scanner;
    import java.util.Stack;
    
    //分数类
    class fraction {
        public int fenMu,fenZi;
    
        public int getFenMu() {
            return fenMu;
        }
    
        public void setFenMu(int fenMu) {
            this.fenMu = fenMu;
        }
    
        public int getFenZi() {
            return fenZi;
        }
    
        public void setFenZi(int fenZi) {
            this.fenZi = fenZi;
        }
    
        public fraction(int fenMu, int fenZi) {
            this.fenMu = fenMu;
            this.fenZi = fenZi;
            yueFen();
        }
        
        public fraction(){}
        
      //找出两数的最大公约数
        public int MaxCommon(int a,int b){
        	//保证第一个参数大于第二个参数
            if(a<b)
            {
                int temp;
                temp=a;
                a=b;
                b=temp;
            }
            while(a%b!=0)   //在余数不为零时循环
            {
                int temp=a%b;
                a=b;
                b=temp;
            }
            return b;  //返回最大公约数
        }
        
        //找出两数的最小公倍数
        public int MinCommon(int a,int b){
        	return a*b/MaxCommon(a,b);
        }
        
        //约分化简
        public void yueFen(){
            int y = 1;
            for(int i = fenZi;i > 1;i--){
                if(fenZi % i == 0 && fenMu % i == 0){
                    y = i;
                    break;
                }
            }
                fenZi /= y;
                fenMu /= y;
            
        }
        
        //计算(加)
        public fraction add(fraction b){
        	fraction c = null;
            int newFenZi = this.fenZi * b.getFenMu() + this.fenMu * b.getFenMu();
            int newFenMu = this.fenMu * b.getFenMu();
            c = new fraction(newFenMu,newFenZi);
            return c;
        }
        
        //计算(减)
        public fraction subtract(fraction b){
        	fraction c = null;
            int newFenZi = this.fenZi * b.getFenMu() - this.fenMu * b.getFenZi();
            int newFenMu = this.fenMu * b.getFenMu();
            c = new fraction(newFenMu,newFenZi);
            return c;
        }
        
        //计算(乘)
        public fraction multiply(fraction b){
        	fraction c = null;
            int newFenZi = this.fenZi * b.getFenZi();
            int newFenMu = this.fenMu * b.getFenMu();
            c = new fraction(newFenMu,newFenZi);
            return c;
        }
        
        //计算(除)
        public fraction divide(fraction b){
        	fraction c = null;
            int newFenZi = this.fenZi * b.getFenMu();
            int newFenMu = this.fenMu * b.getFenZi();
            c = new fraction(newFenMu,newFenZi);
            return c;
        }
        
        //输出分数形式
        public String toString(){
            if(fenZi != 0){
                return fenZi + "/" + fenMu;
            }
            return "0";
        }
        
    }
    
    public class kk {
    	public static String[] Answer=new String[100];
    	//生成整数计算式添加限制条件,type为运算式类型  0代表整数式,1代表真分数式
        public static String[] createYunSuanShi(int hasChengChu,int hasKuoHao,int hasFuShu,int hasYuShu,int minNum,int maxNum,int n,int type) {
            int i = 0;
            int z = 0;
            String yunSuanShiTemp;
            String[] yunSuanShiArray = new String[n];
            int operatorScope = 2 + 2 * hasChengChu;//运算符范围,2或4,2代表只有加减,4代表有加减乘除
            int length;
            String[] operatorArray = {"+","-","*","/"};
            String[] operatorNum = null;//存储运算数
            int num_index;//运算数下标
            String[] operatorSymbol = null;//存储运算符
            int symbol_index;//运算符下标
            int[] brackets = null;//存储括号个数
            
            while(i < n) {
                length = Integer.parseInt(getOperatorNumber(0, 0,9)) + 2;//计算式运算数长度
                operatorNum = new String[length];
                operatorSymbol = new String[length - 1];
                num_index = 0;
                symbol_index = 0;
                operatorNum[num_index++] = getOperatorNumber(type,minNum, maxNum);//随机生成操作数
                for(int j = 0;j < length - 1;j++){
                    operatorSymbol[symbol_index++] = operatorArray[Integer.parseInt(getOperatorNumber(0,0,operatorScope-1))];//随机生成操作符
                    operatorNum[num_index++] = getOperatorNumber(type, minNum,maxNum);//随机生成操作数
                }        
                if(hasKuoHao == 1){
                    brackets = randomAddBracket(length);//生成括号数组
                }
                //构造运算式
                yunSuanShiTemp = "";
                for(int j = 0;j < length;j++){
                    //添加左括号
                    if(hasKuoHao == 1){
                        for(int k = 0;k < brackets[j];k++){
                            yunSuanShiTemp += "(";
                        }
                    }
                    yunSuanShiTemp += " " + operatorNum[j] + " ";//加上运算数
                    
                    //添加右括号
                    if(hasKuoHao == 1){
                        for(int k = 0;k > brackets[j];k--){
                            yunSuanShiTemp += ")";
                        }
                    }
                    //如果不是最后一个运算数则要加上运算符
                    if(j != length - 1){
                        yunSuanShiTemp += operatorSymbol[j];
                    }
                }
                
                //计算结果
                String answer = expressCalculate(yunSuanShiTemp, hasFuShu, hasYuShu, type, length - 1);
                if((answer.equals("ERROR"))){
                    continue;
                }
                yunSuanShiTemp += "=" /*+ answer*/;
                Answer[z]=answer;
                z++;
                //检验重复
                boolean chongFu = false;
                for(int j = 0;j < i;j++){
                    if((yunSuanShiArray[j].equals(yunSuanShiTemp))){
                        chongFu = true;
                        break;
                    }
                }
                if(chongFu == false){
                    yunSuanShiArray[i++] = yunSuanShiTemp;
                }
            }
            return yunSuanShiArray;
        }
        
        //表达式计算,参数为字符串类型的运算式
        public static String expressCalculate(String express,int hasFuShu,int hasYuShu,int type,int symbolNum){
            Stack<String> num = new Stack<String>();
            Stack<String> symbolS = new Stack<String>();
            symbolS.push("#");
            express += "#";
            char ch;
            int i = 0;
            int s = 0;
            ch = express.charAt(i);
            while(s < symbolNum){
                if(ch == ' '){//读到空格,说明开始读运算数
                    String readNumStr = "";
                    while(true){
                        ch = express.charAt(++i);
                        if(ch == ' '){
                            break;
                        }
                        readNumStr += ch;
                        
                    }
                    if((i + 1) < express.length()){
                        ch = express.charAt(++i);
                    }
                    num.push(readNumStr);
                }else{//读到的是运算符
                    char compare = priorityCompare(symbolS.peek(),ch + "");
                    
                    if(compare == '='){//如果是右括号
                        symbolS.pop();
                        ch = express.charAt(++i);
                    }else if(compare == '>'){//ch的优先级小于栈顶的优先级     比栈顶的优先级高就不算,入栈,低就弹栈运算
                        //弹出两个运算数,弹出一个运算符
                        String bStr = num.pop();
                        String aStr = num.pop();
                        String symbolT = symbolS.pop();
                        String c = yunSuan(aStr,bStr,symbolT,hasFuShu,hasYuShu,type);
                        if(c.equals("ERROR")){
                            return "ERROR";
                        }else if(c.indexOf("余") >= 0 && s != symbolNum - 1){//有余数
                            return "ERROR";
                        }else{
                            num.push(c);
                        }
                        s++;
                    }else{
                        symbolS.push(ch + "");
                        if((i + 1) < express.length()){
                            ch = express.charAt(++i);
                        }
                    }
                
                }
            }
            return num.pop();
        }
        
        public static String yunSuan(String aStr,String bStr,String symbol,int hasFuShu,int hasYuShu,int type){
            if(type == 0){//整数
                int a = Integer.parseInt(aStr);
                int b = Integer.parseInt(bStr);
                if(symbol.equals("+")){
                    return "" + (a + b);
                }else if(symbol.equals("-")){
                    if(a - b < 0 && hasFuShu == 0){
                        return "ERROR";
                    }else{
                        return "" + (a - b);
                    }
                }else if(symbol.equals("*")){
                    return "" + (a * b);
                }else{
                    if(b == 0){
                        return "ERROR";
                    }
                    if(a % b == 0){
                        return "" + (a / b);
                    }else{
                        if(hasYuShu == 1){
                            return (a / b) + "余" + (a % b);
                        }else{
                            return "ERROR";
                        }
                    }
                }
            }else{//分数
                String[] af = aStr.split("/");
                String[] bf = bStr.split("/");
                if(af[0].equals("0") || bf[0].equals("0")){
                    return "ERROR";
                }
                fraction a = new fraction(Integer.parseInt(af[1]),Integer.parseInt(af[0]));
                fraction b = new fraction(Integer.parseInt(bf[1]),Integer.parseInt(bf[0]));
                if(symbol.equals("+")){
                    return a.add(b).toString();
                }else if(symbol.equals("-")){
                	fraction c = a.subtract(b);
                    if(hasFuShu == 1 && c.getFenZi() < 0){
                        return "ERROR";
                    }
                    return c.toString();
                }else if(symbol.equals("*")){
                    return a.multiply(b).toString();
                }else{
                    return a.divide(b).toString();
                }
            }
        }    
    
        //判断优先级
        public static char priorityCompare(String a,String b){
            char[][] priority = {
                    {'>','>','<','<','<','>','>'},
                    {'>','>','<','<','<','>','>'},
                    {'>','>','>','>','<','>','>'},
                    {'>','>','>','>','<','>','>'},
                    {'<','<','<','<','<','=','>'},
                    {'>','>','>','>',' ','>','>'},
                    {'<','<','<','<','<',' ','='}
            };
            int a_index = index_symbol(a);
            int b_index = index_symbol(b);
            return priority[a_index][b_index];
        }
        
        public static int index_symbol(String a){
            String p = "+-*/()#";
            return p.indexOf(a);
        }
        
        //随机生成括号,参数为运算式的运算数的个数
        public static int[] randomAddBracket(int length){
            int[] brackets = new int[length];
            for(int i = 0;i < brackets.length;i++)   brackets[i] = 0;
            Random rd = new Random();
            for(int i = 2;i < length;i++){//添加的括号长度(括号包围的运算数的个数)
                for(int j = 0;j < length - i + 1;j++){
                    int t = rd.nextInt(2);//随机生成0或1,0代表不加括号,1代表加括号
                    if(t == 1){
                        if(brackets[j] >= 0 && brackets[j + i - 1] <= 0){//要加的括号的第一个运算数周围没有右括号,且 最后一个运算数周围没有左括号
                            int counteract = 0;
                            for(int k = j;k < j + i;k++){//将要加的括号之间的所有运算数对应的brackets相加,
                                                            //如果和为0说明这个括号之间的括号是匹配的,不会出现括号交叉现象
                                counteract += brackets[k];
                            }
                            if(counteract == 0){
                                brackets[j]++;
                                brackets[j + i - 1]--;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            return brackets;
        }
        
        //随机生成一个运算数(                type==0代表生成整数,type==1代表生成真分数,maxNum代表数值范围 0-(maxNum-1)               )
        public static String getOperatorNumber(int type,int minNum,int maxNum){
            Random rd = new Random();
            int a;
            while(true){
                a = rd.nextInt(maxNum-minNum)+minNum;
                if(type == 0){//随机生成一个整数
                    return "" + a;
                }else{//随机生成一个真分数
                    if(a == 0){
                        continue;
                    }
                    int b = rd.nextInt(a-minNum)+minNum;
                    fraction c = new fraction(a,b);
                    return c.toString();
                }
            }
        }
    	public static void main(String[] args) {
    		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
    		Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
    		System.out.print("请输入所要生成题目的数目:");
    	    int n = sc.nextInt();
            System.out.print("请输入: 0、整数式 ; 1、分数式:");
            int type = sc.nextInt();
            System.out.print("是否有乘除法?(1有,0没有):");
            int hasChengChu = sc.nextInt();
            System.out.print("是否有括号?(1有,0没有):");
            int hasKuoHao = sc.nextInt();
            System.out.print("加减有无负数?(1有,0没有):");
            int hasFuShu = sc.nextInt();
            System.out.print("除法有无余数?(1有,0没有):");
            int hasYuShu = sc.nextInt();
            System.out.print("数值范围(最小数):");
            int minNum = sc.nextInt();
            System.out.print("数值范围(最大数):");
            int maxNum = sc.nextInt();
            String[] yunSuanShiArray = createYunSuanShi(hasChengChu, hasKuoHao, hasFuShu, hasYuShu,minNum, maxNum, n, type);
            for(int i = 0;i < yunSuanShiArray.length;i++){
                System.out.print(yunSuanShiArray[i]);
                String result=sc.next();
                if(result.equals(Answer[i])){
                	System.out.print(" 回答正确!");
                }
                else{
                	System.out.print(" 回答错误!"+"正确答案为:"+Answer[i]);
                }
                System.out.println();
            }
            sc.close();
    	}
    }
    

      结果截图:

    编程总结:

    1)程序虽然可以实现初步的需求出题,算题,并对结果进行判断,但还有很多地方需要改善,比如代码的重复,以及数值范围的规范性;

    2)其中编程过程中也是汲取了一些其他同学的想法,希望以后自己可以独立思考,完成任务;

    3)此实验中有关结果的诸多方面未考虑完全,比如正确率、或者是错题集等等,需要利用下一周的时间进行最后的修改、完善。

    三、项目计划日志

     

    四、时间记录日志

     

    五、缺陷记录日志

     

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/zhangjiabei/p/6530107.html
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