C# MVC+EF—WebApi

上一篇搭建了页面，这里写下功能。

这里我用WebApi实现数据的增删改查。

一、新建Controller

为了区分明确，我在Controller文件夹下建立一个WebApi文件夹存放。

选中文件夹右键单击=》添加=》控制器=》Web Api控制器

1、这样会自动生成一个控制器，继承ApiController类

namespace mvc.Controllers.WebApi
{
    public class DepartmentController : ApiController
    {
        
    }
}

2、在App_Start文件夹下会自动生成WebApiConfig文件，这个文件的功能是定义WebApi的路由，WebApi路由是单独控制的

    public static class WebApiConfig
    {
        public static void Register(HttpConfiguration config)
        {
            config.MapHttpAttributeRoutes();

            config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
                name: "DefaultApi",
                routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{id}",
                defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional }
            );
        }
    }

3、路由是可以自定义的，不一定要按照默认的规则，可以根据自己的需要调整路由规则。

为了区分更明确，我在默认路由的基础上增加一个action

 public static class WebApiConfig
    {
        public static void Register(HttpConfiguration config)
        {
            config.MapHttpAttributeRoutes();

            config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
                name: "DefaultApi",
                routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{action}/{id}",
                defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional }
            );
        }
    }

4、在Global.asax文件的Application_Start方法下注册WebApi路由，如果不注册是路由规则是不生效的。

 protected void Application_Start()
        {
            AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();
            GlobalConfiguration.Configure(WebApiConfig.Register);
            FilterConfig.RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters);
            RouteConfig.RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);
            BundleConfig.RegisterBundles(BundleTable.Bundles);
        }

二、为了使用方便新建一些辅助类

在models文件夹下，新增PageQuery文件夹存放

1、记录返回值

    public class APIResult
    {
        public APIResult()
        {
            message = "请求失败";
        }

        public bool success { get; set; }
        public string message { get; set; }
        public int code { get; set; }
        public object data { get; set; }
    }

2、查询基类

    public class QueryBase
    {
        public int page { get; set; }
        public int rows { get; set; }
    }

3、查询类，继承查询基类

    public class DepartmentQuery: QueryBase
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 部门名称
        /// </summary>
        public string Name { get; set; }
    }

三、实现功能

一般请求方式是这样区分的： Post:新增记录；Put:修改记录；Get:获取数据；Delete:删除数据

namespace mvc.Controllers.WebApi
{
    public class DepartmentController : ApiController
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 查询部门信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="query"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        [HttpPost]
        public IHttpActionResult Pager(DepartmentQuery query)
        {
            List<Department> deplist = new List<Department>();
            int total = 0;
            using (var context = new DBContext.PracticeContext())
            {
                var querylist = context.Department.AsQueryable();
                if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(query.Name))
                {
                    querylist = querylist.Where(s => s.Name.Contains(query.Name));
                }
                querylist = querylist.Where(s => s.IsDel == false);
                total = querylist.Count();
                var result = querylist.OrderByDescending(s => s.OrderId).Skip(query.rows * (query.page - 1)).Take(query.rows);
                deplist = result.ToList();
                return Ok(new APIResult()
                {
                    success = true,
                    message = "请求成功",
                    data = deplist
                });
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 新增部门信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="dep">部门model</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        [HttpPost]
        public IHttpActionResult Create(Department dep)
        {
            using (var context = new DBContext.PracticeContext())
            {
                Department department = new Department
                {
                    Name = dep.Name,
                    Introduce = dep.Introduce,
                    OrderId = dep.OrderId,
                    IsShow = dep.IsShow
                };
                context.Department.Add(department);
                context.SaveChanges();
                return Ok(new APIResult()
                {
                    success = true,
                    data = department,
                    message = "新增成功"
                });
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 修改部门信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="dep">部门model</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        [HttpPut]
        public IHttpActionResult Update(int id, Department dep)
        {
            using (var context = new DBContext.PracticeContext())
            {
                Department department = context.Department.Find(id);
                if (department != null)
                {
                    department.Name = dep.Name;
                    department.Introduce = dep.Introduce;
                    department.OrderId = dep.OrderId;
                    department.IsShow = dep.IsShow;
                }
                context.SaveChanges();
                return Ok(new APIResult()
                {
                    success = true,
                    data = department,
                    message = "更新成功"
                });
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 删除部门
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="id">Id</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        [HttpDelete]
        public IHttpActionResult Delete(int id)
        {
            using (var context = new DBContext.PracticeContext())
            {
                Department department = context.Department.Find(id);
                if (department != null)
                {
                    department.IsDel = true;
                }
                context.SaveChanges();

                return Ok(new APIResult()
                {
                    success = true,
                    message = "删除成功"
                });
            }
        }
    }
}

四、调用WebApi接口

1、在控制器中新建Add方法

    public class DepartmentController : Controller
    {
        // GET: Department
        public ActionResult Index()
        {
            return View();
        }
        public ActionResult Add()
        {
            return View();
        }
}

2、 光标定在Add方法上右键单击=》添加视图

3、添加表单

@model mvc.Models.Department

@{
    ViewBag.Title = "Edit";
    Layout = null;
}

<div class="wrapper">
    <div class="easyui-panel" title="部门添加" style="30%;height:100%">
        <form id="ff">
            <table style="border-collapse:separate; border-spacing:10px;">
                <tr>
                    <td>部门名称:</td>
                    <td>
                        @Html.TextBoxFor(s => s.Name, new { @class = "easyui-textbox", style = "300px" })
                    </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <td>介绍:</td>
                    <td>
                        @Html.TextBoxFor(s => s.Introduce, new { @class = "easyui-textbox", style = "100%", @data_options = "multiline:true,height:80" })
                    </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <td>排序值:</td>
                    <td>
                        @Html.TextBoxFor(s => s.OrderId, new { @class = "easyui-numberspinner", style = "100%", data_options = "min:1,max:100,required:true" })
                    </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <td> 是否显示:</td>
                    <td>
                        <input id="IsShow" class="easyui-switchbutton" data-options="onText:'是',offText:'否'">
                    </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <td></td>
                    <td>
                        <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="easyui-linkbutton" onclick="submitForm()">保存</a>
                    </td>
                </tr>
            </table>
        </form>
    </div>
</div>

<script src="~/WebPlugins/EasyUI/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="~/WebPlugins/EasyUI/jquery.easyui.min.js"></script>
<link href="~/WebPlugins/EasyUI/themes/default/easyui.css" rel="stylesheet" />

<script type="text/javascript">
    function submitForm() {
        $.ajax({
            url: '/api/department/create',
            method: "POST",
            data: $('form').serialize(),
            dataType: 'json',
            success: function (data) {
                var result = eval(data);
                if (result["success"]) {
                    alert("添加成功！");
                }
            }
        })
    }
</script>

4、点击确定之后表单中的数据就添加进数据库了。