股票数据定向爬虫

功能描述

• 目标：获取上交所和深交所所有股票的名称和交易信息 
• 输出：保存到文件中
• 技术路线：requests+bs4+re

数据网站的选择

• 新浪股票：http://finance.sina.com.cn/stock/
• 百度股票：https://gupiao.baidu.com/stock/
• 选取原则：股票信息静态存在于HTML页面中，非js代码生成，没有Robots协议限制。
• 选取方法：浏览器F12，源代码查看等
• 选取心态：不要纠结于某个网站，多找信息源尝试
• 东方财富网股票列表：http://quote.eastmoney.com/stocklist.html

程序的结构设计

• 步骤1：从东方财富网获取股票列表
• 步骤2：根据股票列表逐个到百度股票获取个股信息
• 步骤3：将结果存储到文件

import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import traceback
import re


def getHTMLText(url, code="utf-8"):
    try:
        r = requests.get(url)
        r.raise_for_status()
        r.encoding = code
        return r.text
    except:
        return ""


def getStockList(lst, stockURL):
    html = getHTMLText(stockURL, "GB2312")  # 东方财富网编码格式GB2312
    soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser')
    a = soup.find_all('a')
    for i in a:
        try:
            href = i.attrs['href']
            lst.append(re.findall(r"[s][hz]d{6}", href)[0])
        except:
            continue


def getStockInfo(lst, stockURL, fpath):
    count = 0
    for stock in lst:
        url = stockURL + stock + ".html"
        html = getHTMLText(url)
        try:
            if html == "":
                continue
            infoDict = {} # 保存一个个股的信息(类似名片)
            soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser')
            # 查找有{'class':'stock-bets'}的div标签
            stockInfo = soup.find('div', attrs={'class': 'stock-bets'})

            name = stockInfo.find_all(attrs={'class': 'bets-name'})[0]
            infoDict.update({'股票名称': name.text.split()[0]})

            keyList = stockInfo.find_all('dt')    # 股票的具体信息key
            valueList = stockInfo.find_all('dd')  # 股票的具体信息value
            for i in range(len(keyList)):
                key = keyList[i].text
                val = valueList[i].text
                infoDict[key] = val

            with open(fpath, 'a', encoding='utf-8') as f:
                f.write(str(infoDict) + '
')
                count = count + 1
                print("
当前进度: {:.2f}%".format(count * 100 / len(lst)), end="")
        except:
            count = count + 1
            print("
当前进度: {:.2f}%".format(count * 100 / len(lst)), end="")
            continue


def main():
    stock_list_url = 'http://quote.eastmoney.com/stocklist.html'
    stock_info_url = 'http://gupiao.baidu.com/stock/'
    output_file = 'D:/BaiduStockInfo.txt'
    slist = []
    getStockList(slist, stock_list_url)
    getStockInfo(slist, stock_info_url, output_file)


main()