• jvm直接内存(分配与回收)


    1、定义

    (1)常见于NIO操作时,用于数据缓冲区

    (2)分配回收成本较高(属于操作系统内存),但读写性能高

    (3)不受JVM内存回收管理(依旧存在内存溢出的问题)

    2、直接内存基本使用(IO操作举例)

    (1)分为两步操作:

     (2)使用直接内存后,可以减少步骤:

    3、直接内存导致的内存溢出问题

    书写程序:每次都分配直接内存,直到内存溢出

    public class Test1 {
        static int _100Mb=1024*1024*100;
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            List<ByteBuffer> list=new ArrayList<>();
            int i=0;
            try {
               while (true){
                   ByteBuffer byteBuffer=ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(_100Mb);
                   list.add(byteBuffer);
                   i++;
               }
            }finally {
                System.out.println(i);
            }
        }
    }

    测试结果:

    17
    Exception in thread "main" java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Direct buffer memory
        at java.nio.Bits.reserveMemory(Bits.java:694)
        at java.nio.DirectByteBuffer.<init>(DirectByteBuffer.java:123)
        at java.nio.ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(ByteBuffer.java:311)
        at pers.zhb.test.Test1.main(Test1.java:15)

    4、直接内存的分配与回收(底层通过Unsafe对象管理)

    (1)直接内存的分配与回收

    运行程序前:

     直接内存的分配与释放程序:

    public class Test1 {
        static int _1Gb=1024*1024*1024;
        public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
            ByteBuffer byteBuffer=ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(_1Gb);
            System.out.println("分配完毕");
            System.in.read();
            System.out.println("开始释放");
            byteBuffer=null;
            System.gc();
        }
    }

    分配直接内存后:

     在IDEA的控制台点击回车对内存进行释放:

     控制台打印出分配与回收的提示:

    分配完毕
    
    开始释放
    
    Process finished with exit code 0

    其中System.gc() 回收掉byteBuffer对象

    (2)Unsafe实现对直接内存的分配与回收:

    public class Test1 {
        static int _1Gb=1024*1024*1024;
        public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
            Unsafe unsafe=getUnsafe();
            //分配内存
            long base=unsafe.allocateMemory(_1Gb);
            unsafe.setMemory(base,_1Gb,(byte)0);
            System.in.read();
            //释放内存
            unsafe.freeMemory(base);
            System.in.read();
        }
        public static Unsafe getUnsafe(){
            Field field= null;
            try {
                field = Unsafe.class.getDeclaredField("theUnsafe");
            } catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            field.setAccessible(true);
            Unsafe unsafe= null;
            try {
                unsafe = (Unsafe)field.get(null);
            } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return unsafe;
        }
    }

    jvm的内存分配与回收是自动的,不需要手动调用任何的方法,但是直接内存需要我们手动调用方法

    5、ByteBuffer源码

    (1)ByteBuffer :

    ByteBuffer byteBuffer= ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(_1Gb);

    (2)allocateDirect:

     public static ByteBuffer allocateDirect(int capacity) {
            return new DirectByteBuffer(capacity);
        }

    (3)DirectByteBuffer

    DirectByteBuffer(int cap) {                   // package-private
    
            super(-1, 0, cap, cap);
            boolean pa = VM.isDirectMemoryPageAligned();
            int ps = Bits.pageSize();
            long size = Math.max(1L, (long)cap + (pa ? ps : 0));
            Bits.reserveMemory(size, cap);
    
            long base = 0;
            try {
                base = unsafe.allocateMemory(size);
            } catch (OutOfMemoryError x) {
                Bits.unreserveMemory(size, cap);
                throw x;
            }
            unsafe.setMemory(base, size, (byte) 0);
            if (pa && (base % ps != 0)) {
                // Round up to page boundary
                address = base + ps - (base & (ps - 1));
            } else {
                address = base;
            }
            cleaner = Cleaner.create(this, new Deallocator(base, size, cap));
            att = null;
    
    
    
        }

    底层用到的依旧是unsafe对象

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/zhai1997/p/12912915.html
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