docker mysql

MySQL环境变量：https://hub.docker.com/r/mysql/mysql-server/

详见上述官方链接，个人觉得比较有用的是几个启动Docker时可以带上的数据库初始化参数：

#设置监听地址，默认只有本机可连接，可设为%使得所有客户端均可连
MYSQL_ROOT_HOST

#root密码设置
MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD                   #指定密码
MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD   #空密码
MYSQL_RANDOM_ROOT_PASSWORD #随机密码，一次性，一段时间后过期
MYSQL_ONETIME_PASSWORD

#docker启动后创建初始数据库
MYSQL_DATABASE
#docker启动后创建初始用户，只对初始数据库拥有所有权限
MYSQL_USER
MYSQL_PASSWORD

使用示例：

#!/usr/bin/env bash
set -o nounset
set -o errexit
set -o pipefail

dbRootPwd=123
dbSensestudyDbName=sensestudydev
dbSensestudyUsername=sensestudy
dbSensestudyUserPwd="LKxx880)Hsens#estudyKSy8po4A"
dbSensestudyDbSqlFilePath=dump.sql

echo start mysql from docker ...

docker run  --name mysql_sensestudy -p 3307:3306 -d  
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=$dbRootPwd  
-e MYSQL_ROOT_HOST=%  
-e MYSQL_DATABASE=$dbSensestudyDbName  
-e MYSQL_USER=$dbSensestudyUsername  
-e MYSQL_PASSWORD=$dbSensestudyUserPwd 
mysql/mysql-server:5.7

echo start mysql from docker done.

初始化数据库数据：

若在Docker启动时指定了初始化的数据库，此时若想同时初始化该数据库里的数据，可以用Docker命令把sql脚本复制到Docker并执行之（当然也可以在启动时挂载进去从而省去手动复制，不过挂载要求源文件所在目录的绝对路径，麻烦点），如下：

//值得注意的是这种手动执行脚本的方法要求在启动完Docker一定时间后才执行之因为MySQL没初始化完成，否则会报连不上的错误。...在这上面费了好长时间
docker cp $dbSensestudyDbSqlFilePath $dockerMySQLInstanceName:/$dbSensestudyDbSqlFilePath
docker exec   $dockerMySQLInstanceName /bin/sh -c "  mysql  -uroot -p$dbRootPwd   $dbSensestudyDbName  < /$dbSensestudyDbSqlFilePath "

更简单的做法是把sql脚本所在目录挂载到Docker的 /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d 目录下，容器创建时会自动执行该目录下的脚本。

it will execute files with extensions .sh, .sql and .sql.gz that are found in /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d. Files will be executed in alphabetical order. 

dump mysql through docker：

 $ docker exec some-mysql sh -c 'exec mysqldump --all-databases -uroot -p"$MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD"' > /some/path/on/your/host/all-databases.sql 

完整脚本：

#!/bin/bash

curCMD=$1

# set -x
set -o nounset
set -o errexit
set -o pipefail

dockerMySQLInstanceName=mysql_sensestudy
dbPort=3307
dbRootPwd=123
dbSensestudyDbName=sensestudydev
dbSensestudyUsername=sensestudy
dbSensestudyUserPwd="xxx"
dbSensestudyDbInitSqlFilePath=init.sql


#docker service is required
#echo check if docker service has started ...
if [ ` systemctl is-active docker` != "active" ]; then ` systemctl start docker` ; fi
#echo docker service started



#创建容器
function createMySQL()
{
    echo create mysql from docker ...

    docker run  --name $dockerMySQLInstanceName -p $dbPort:3306 -d  
    -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=$dbRootPwd  
    -e MYSQL_ROOT_HOST=%  
    -e MYSQL_DATABASE=$dbSensestudyDbName  
    -e MYSQL_USER=$dbSensestudyUsername  
    -e MYSQL_PASSWORD=$dbSensestudyUserPwd  
    -v  $PWD/mysql_data:/var/lib/mysql  
    mysql/mysql-server:5.7 --character-set-server=utf8

    echo create mysql from docker done.
} # -v $PWD/mysql_script:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d


#初始化Docker里MySQL数据库数据，也可以把sql脚本所在目录的绝对路径挂载到/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d
function initMySQLData()
{
    echo init db data ...
    set -x

    docker cp $dbSensestudyDbInitSqlFilePath $dockerMySQLInstanceName:/$dbSensestudyDbInitSqlFilePath
    docker exec   $dockerMySQLInstanceName 
        /bin/sh -c "  mysql  -uroot -p$dbRootPwd   $dbSensestudyDbName  < /$dbSensestudyDbInitSqlFilePath "
   set +x 

    echo init db data done.
}



#启动MySQL容器，若不存在则创建容器并从sql脚本初始化数据
function start()
{
    echo start $dockerMySQLInstanceName on port $dbPort ...

    if [   "`docker ps -a|grep "$dockerMySQLInstanceName" `" = "" ]
    then
        createMySQL
        sleep 15
        initMySQLData
    else
        docker container start $dockerMySQLInstanceName
    fi

     echo start $dockerMySQLInstanceName done.
}


# 关闭容器
function stop()
{
    echo stop  $dockerMySQLInstanceName ...
    if [ "`docker container ls| grep ${dockerMySQLInstanceName}`" != "" ]
    then
        docker container stop $dockerMySQLInstanceName
    fi
    echo stop  $dockerMySQLInstanceName done.
}


# 删除容器
function remove()
{
    # first stop
    stop

    # then remove
    echo delete  $dockerMySQLInstanceName ...
    if [ "`docker ps -a| grep ${dockerMySQLInstanceName}`" != "" ]
    then
        docker container rm $dockerMySQLInstanceName
    fi
    echo delete  $dockerMySQLInstanceName done.
}

function restart()
{
    stop
    sleep 2
    start
}

function status()
{
    if [ "`docker container ls| grep ${dockerMySQLInstanceName}`" = "" ]
    then
        echo mysql container is not running.
    else
        echo `docker container ls| grep ${dockerMySQLInstanceName}`
    fi
}



if [ "$curCMD" = "start" ]
then
  start

elif [ "$curCMD" = "stop" ]
then
  stop

elif [ "$curCMD" = "restart" ]
then
  restart

elif [ "$curCMD" = "status" ]
then
  status

elif [ "$curCMD" = "remove" ]
then
  remove


else
  echo "error command: please use option: start|stop|restart|status|remove"
fi

更全面的内容：https://hub.docker.com/_/mysql/

参考资料：

https://hub.docker.com/r/mysql/mysql-server/：环境变量

https://hub.docker.com/_/mysql/：构建、连接、环境变量、初始化、数据存储等