springboot集成rabbitmq

概述

主题交换机有fanout（扇形）、direct（直连）、topic（主题）三种。而主题交换机是可以通过配置包含前两种的，所以，本篇主要介绍主题交换机。

topic路由器的关键在于定义路由键，定义routingKey名称不能超过255字节，使用“.”作为分隔符，例如：com.mq.rabbit.error。

匹配规则

匹配表达式可以用“*”和“#”匹配任何字符，具体规则如下：

• “*”匹配一个分段(用“.”分割)的内容；
• “#”匹配所有字符；

例如发布了一个“cn.mq.rabbit.error”的消息：

能匹配上的路由键：

• cn.mq.rabbit.*
• cn.mq.rabbit.#
• #.error
• cn.mq.#
• #

不能匹配上的路由键：

• cn.mq.*
• *.error
• *

交换机优点

缓冲、分发

虚拟主机

每一个虚拟主机(vhost)相当于mini版的RabbitMQ服务器，拥有自己的队列，交换机和绑定，权限… 这使得一个RabbitMQ服务众多的应用程序，而不会互相冲突。

rabbitMQ默认的虚拟主机为: “/” ，一般我们在创建Rabbit的用户时会再给用户分配一个虚拟主机。

适用场景

有优先级的任务，根据任务的优先级把消息发送到对应的队列，这样可以指派更多的资源去处理高优先级的队列。消息需要基于多重条件进行路由到达对应队列，例如：日志系统，不仅可以根据日志的级别而且能根据日志的来源进行订阅。

应用

pom.xml

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

application.yml

spring:
  application:
    name: rabbitmq-server
  rabbitmq:
    host: 127.0.0.1
    username: guest
    password: guest
    port: 5672

server:
  port: 8080

provider

config

package com.vast.rabbitmqprovider.config;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.TopicExchange;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class TopicRabbitConfig {
    //绑定键
    public final static String man = "topic.man";
    public final static String woman = "topic.woman";

    @Bean
    public Queue firstQueue() {
        return new Queue(TopicRabbitConfig.man);
    }

    @Bean
    public Queue secondQueue() {
        return new Queue(TopicRabbitConfig.woman);
    }

    @Bean
    TopicExchange exchange() {
        return new TopicExchange("topicExchange");
    }


    //将firstQueue和topicExchange绑定,而且绑定的键值为topic.man
    //这样只要是消息携带的路由键是topic.man,才会分发到该队列
    @Bean
    Binding bindingExchangeMessage() {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(firstQueue()).to(exchange()).with(man);
    }

    //将secondQueue和topicExchange绑定,而且绑定的键值为用上通配路由键规则topic.#
    // 这样只要是消息携带的路由键是以topic.开头,都会分发到该队列
    @Bean
    Binding bindingExchangeMessage2() {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(secondQueue()).to(exchange()).with("topic.#");
    }

}

controller

package com.vast.rabbitmqprovider.controller;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.UUID;

@RestController
public class TopicController {
    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    @GetMapping("/sendTopicMessage1")
    public String sendTopicMessage1() {
        String messageId = String.valueOf(UUID.randomUUID());
        String messageData = "message: M A N ";
        String createTime = LocalDateTime.now().
                format(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));
        Map<String, Object> manMap = new HashMap<>();
        manMap.put("messageId", messageId);
        manMap.put("messageData", messageData);
        manMap.put("createTime", createTime);
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("topicExchange", "topic.man", manMap);
        return "ok";
    }

    @GetMapping("/sendTopicMessage2")
    public String sendTopicMessage2() {
        String messageId = String.valueOf(UUID.randomUUID());
        String messageData = "message: woman is all ";
        String createTime = LocalDateTime.now().format(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));
        Map<String, Object> womanMap = new HashMap<>();
        womanMap.put("messageId", messageId);
        womanMap.put("messageData", messageData);
        womanMap.put("createTime", createTime);
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("topicExchange", "topic.woman", womanMap);
        return "ok";
    }
}

consumer

config

package com.vast.rabbitmqconsumer.config;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.TopicExchange;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

/**
 * @Author : ydd
 * @CreateTime : 2019/12/17
 * @Description :
 **/

@Configuration
public class TopicRabbitConfig {
    //绑定键
    public final static String man = "topic.man";
    public final static String woman = "topic.woman";

    @Bean
    public Queue firstQueue() {
        return new Queue(TopicRabbitConfig.man);
    }

    @Bean
    public Queue secondQueue() {
        return new Queue(TopicRabbitConfig.woman);
    }

    @Bean
    TopicExchange exchange() {
        return new TopicExchange("topicExchange");
    }


    //将firstQueue和topicExchange绑定,而且绑定的键值为topic.man
    //这样只要是消息携带的路由键是topic.man,才会分发到该队列
    @Bean
    Binding bindingExchangeMessage() {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(firstQueue()).to(exchange()).with(man);
    }

    //将secondQueue和topicExchange绑定,而且绑定的键值为用上通配路由键规则topic.#
    // 这样只要是消息携带的路由键是以topic.开头,都会分发到该队列
    @Bean
    Binding bindingExchangeMessage2() {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(secondQueue()).to(exchange()).with("topic.#");
    }

}

package com.vast.rabbitmqconsumer.config;

import com.vast.rabbitmqconsumer.receiver.TopicManReceiver;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.AcknowledgeMode;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CachingConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.SimpleMessageListenerContainer;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

/**
 * @Author : ydd
 * @CreateTime : 22019/12/17
 * @Description :
 **/
@Configuration
public class MessageListenerConfig {

    @Autowired
    private CachingConnectionFactory connectionFactory;
    @Autowired
    private TopicManReceiver topicManReceiver;//Topic消息接收处理类
    @Autowired
    TopicRabbitConfig topicRabbitConfig;
    @Bean
    public SimpleMessageListenerContainer simpleMessageListenerContainer() {
        SimpleMessageListenerContainer container = new SimpleMessageListenerContainer(connectionFactory);
        container.setConcurrentConsumers(1);
        container.setMaxConcurrentConsumers(1);
        container.setAcknowledgeMode(AcknowledgeMode.MANUAL); // RabbitMQ默认是自动确认，这里改为手动确认消息
        container.setQueues(topicRabbitConfig.firstQueue());
        container.setMessageListener(topicManReceiver);
        return container;
    }
}

receiver

package com.vast.rabbitmqconsumer.receiver;

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.api.ChannelAwareMessageListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @Author : ydd
 * @CreateTime : 2019/12/17
 * @Description :
 **/
@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "topic.man")
public class TopicManReceiver implements ChannelAwareMessageListener {

//    @RabbitHandler
//    public void process(Map testMessage) {
//        System.out.println("TopicManReceiver消费者收到消息  : " + testMessage.toString());
//    }

    @Override
    public void onMessage(Message message, Channel channel) throws Exception {
        long deliveryTag = message.getMessageProperties().getDeliveryTag();
        try {
            //因为传递消息的时候用的map传递,所以将Map从Message内取出需要做些处理
            String msg = message.toString();
            String[] msgArray = msg.split("'");//可以点进Message里面看源码,单引号直接的数据就是我们的map消息数据
            Map<String, String> msgMap = mapStringToMap(msgArray[1].trim());
            String messageId=msgMap.get("messageId");
            String messageData=msgMap.get("messageData");
            String createTime=msgMap.get("createTime");
            System.out.println("messageId:"+messageId+"  messageData:"+messageData+"  createTime:"+createTime);
//            channel.basicAck(deliveryTag, true);
            channel.basicReject(deliveryTag, true);//为true会重新放回队列
        } catch (Exception e) {
            channel.basicReject(deliveryTag, false);
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    //{key=value,key=value,key=value} 格式转换成map
    private Map<String, String> mapStringToMap(String str) {
        str = str.substring(1, str.length() - 1);
        String[] strs = str.split(",");
        Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
        for (String string : strs) {
            String key = string.split("=")[0].trim();
            String value = string.split("=")[1];
            map.put(key, value);
        }
        return map;
    }
}

package com.vast.rabbitmqconsumer.receiver;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @Author : ydd
 * @CreateTime : 2019/12/17
 * @Description :
 **/

@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "topic.woman")
public class TopicTotalReceiver {

    @RabbitHandler
    public void process(Map testMessage) {
        System.out.println("TopicTotalReceiver消费者收到消息  : " + testMessage.toString());
    }
}