import requests import re import pandas from bs4 import BeautifulSoup from datetime import datetime def getPageN(pageUrl): res1 = requests.get(pageUrl) res1.encoding = "utf-8" soup = BeautifulSoup(res1.text, "html.parser") page = soup.select('#pages .a1')[0].text.strip('条') n = int(int(page)/10) return n # 1. 将新闻的正文内容保存到文本文件。 def writeNewsDetail(content): f=open('gzcc.txt','a',encoding='utf-8') f.write(content) f.close() # 将获取新闻详情的代码定义成一个函数 def getNewDetail(newsUrl): def getNewDetail(newsUrl): res1 = requests.get(newsUrl) res1.encoding = "utf-8" soup = BeautifulSoup(res1.text, "html.parser") news={} news['title'] = soup.select('.show-title')[0].text # print(news['title']) info = soup.select('.show-info')[0].text dt = info.lstrip('发布时间:')[:19] # str = '2018-03-30 17:10:12' news['datetimes'] = str(datetime.strptime(dt, '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')) newsId = re.search('\_(.*).html', newsUrl).group(1).split('/')[-1] clickUrl = 'http://oa.gzcc.cn/api.php?op=count&id={}&modelid=80'.format(newsId) resc = requests.get(clickUrl) news['click'] = int(resc.text.split('.html')[-1].lstrip("('").rstrip("');")) source = info.find('来源:') if source > 0: news['sources'] = info[info.find('来源:'):].split()[0].lstrip('来源:') # print("来源:",news['sources']) author = info.find('作者:') if author > 0: news['authors'] = info[info.find('作者:'):].split()[0].lstrip('作者:') # print('作者:',news['authors']) y = info.find('摄影:') if y > 0: news['camera'] = info[info.find('摄影:'):].split()[0].lstrip('摄影:') # print('摄影:', news['u']) news['newsUrl'] = newsUrl news['content'] = soup.select('#content')[0].text.strip() writeNewsDetail(news['content']) return(news) def getListPage(pageUrl): res = requests.get(pageUrl) res.encoding = 'utf-8' soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text, 'html.parser') newsList = [] for news in soup.select('li'): if len(news.select('.news-list-title')) > 0: newsUrl = news.select('a')[0].attrs['href'] newsList.append(getNewDetail(newsUrl)) # print(newsList) return newsList newsTotal = [] pageUrl = 'http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/' getListPage(pageUrl) # 2. 将新闻数据结构化为字典的列表: newsTotal.extend(getListPage(pageUrl)) n = getPageN(pageUrl) for i in range(2,3): listPageUrl = 'http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/{}.html'.format(i) newsTotal.extend(getListPage(listPageUrl)) # 3. 安装pandas,用pandas.DataFrame(newstotal),创建一个DataFrame对象df. df = pandas.DataFrame(newsTotal) # 5. 用pandas提供的函数和方法进行数据分析: # 提取包含点击次数、标题、来源的前6行数据 print(df[['click','title','sources']].head(6)) # 提取‘学校综合办’发布的,‘点击次数’超过3000的新闻。 print(df[(df['click']>3000)&(df['sources']=='学校综合办')]) # 提取'国际学院'和'学生工作处'发布的新闻。 sou = ['国际学院','学生工作处'] print(df[df['sources'].isin(sou)]) # 4. 通过df将提取的数据保存到csv或excel 文件。 df.to_excel('EXCEL.xlsx')