• WebDriver元素(二)


    1.用By定位元素

    from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
    
    find_element(By.ID,"kw")
    
    find_element(By.Name,"wd")
    
    find_element(By.CLASS_NAME,"s_ipt")
    
    find_element()
    
    find_element()
    
    find_element()
    
    find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"span.bg s_btn_wr>input#su")

    2.控制浏览器窗口的大小

    set_window_size()

    from  selenium import webdriver
    driver = webdriver.Firefox()
    driver.get("http://www.baidu.com")
    
    print("设置浏览器宽480、高800显示")
    driver.set_window_size(480,800)
    driver.quit()

    3.控制浏览器的后退、前进

    back() 和 forward()

    from selenium import webdriver
    
    driver = webdriver.Firefox()
    
    first_url = 'http://www.baidu.com'
    print("now access  %s" %(first_url))
    driver.get(first_url)
    
    second_url =‘http://news.baidu.com'
    print("now access %s" %(second_url))
    driver.get(second_url)
    
    print("back to %s "%(first_url))
    driver.back()
    
    print("forward to %s"%(second_url))
    driver.forward()
    driver.quit()

    3.模拟浏览器的刷新

    driver.refresh()

    二、简单的元素操作

      clear():   清除文本

      send_keys(*value):  模拟按键输入

      click():     单击元素

    from selenium import webdriver
    driver = webdriver.Firefox()
    driver.get("http://www.126.com")
    
    driver.find_element_by_id("idInput").clear()
    driver.find_element_by_id("idInput").send_keys("username")
    driver.find_element_by_id("pwdInput").clear()
    driver.find_element_by_id("pwdInput").send_keys("password")
    driver.find_element_by_id("loginBtn").click()
    
    driver.quit()

    2.WebElement接口常用方法

    submit()方法用于提交表单

    from  selenium import webdriver
    
    driver = webdriver.Firefox()
    driver.get("http://www.youdao.com")
    driver.find_element_by_id('query').send_keys('hello')
    
    driver.find_element_by_id('query').submit()
    
    driver.quit()

    size:返回元素的尺寸

    text:获取元素的文本

    get_attribute(name):获得属性值

    is_displayed():设置该元素是否用户可见

    from selenium import webdriver
    
    driver = webdriver.Firefox()
    driver.get("http://www.baidu.com")
    
    size = driver.find_element_by_id('kw').size
    print(size)
    
    text = driver.find_element_by_id('cp’).text
    print(text)
    
    attribute=driver.find_element_by_id("kw").get_attribute('type')
    print(attribute)
    
    result = driver.find_element_by_id("kw").is_displayed()
    print(result)
    
    driver.quit()

    WebElement接口还可以参考WeBDriver API

    三、鼠标事件:

    封装在ActionChains类中

    perform():     执行所有ActionChains中存储的行为

    context_click(): 右击

    double_click(): 双击

    drag_and_drop():拖动

    move_to_element():鼠标悬停

    1.鼠标右击键操作:

    from selenium import webdriver
    from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
    
    driver = webdriver.Firefox()
    driver.get("http://yunpan.360.pn")
    
    right_click = driver.find_element_by_id("xx")
    ActionChains(driver).context_click(right_click).perform()
    #ActionChains(driver)调用ActionChains()类,将浏览器驱动driver作为参数传入
    context_click()方法用于模拟鼠标右键操作,在调用时需要指定元素定位
    perform()执行所有ActionChains中存储行为,对整个操作的提交动作

    2.鼠标悬停

    move_to_element()用法与context_click()相同

    …………………………
    
    #定位到要悬停的元素
    above = driver.find_element_by_id("id")
    #对定位到的元素执行悬停操作
    ActionChains(driver).move_to_element(above).perform()

    3.鼠标双击操作

    double_click方法用于模拟鼠标双击操作

    ……
    
    double_click = driver.find_element_by_id("xx")
    ActionChains(driver).double_click(double_click).perform()

    4.鼠标拖放操作

    drag_and_drop(source,target)在源元素上按住鼠标左键,然后移动到目标元素上释放

      source:鼠标拖动的源元素

      target:鼠标释放的目标元素

    #定位元素的原位置
    element = driver.find_elment_by_id("xx")
    #定位元素要移动到的目标位置
    target = driver.find_element_by_id("xx")
    
    #执行元素的拖放操作
    ActionChains(driver).drag_and_drop(element,target).perform()
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/xubc/p/5217809.html
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