本篇依然是MongoDB curd中的一篇，主要介绍document的更新，主要内容如下
- 常见类型成员的修改
- 数组类型成员的增删改
- document类型成员的增删改
I. 基本使用
首先是准备好基本环境，可以参考博文
在开始之前，先封装一个输出方法，用于打印修改后的record对象
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private void queryAndPrint(Query query, String tag) {
System.out.println("------------- after " + tag + " age -------------");
Map record = mongoTemplate.findOne(query, Map.class, COLLECTION_NAME);
System.out.println("query records: " + record);
System.out.println("------------- end " + tag + " age --------------
");
}
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1. 基本类型修改
mongodb支持我们常见的各种基本类型，而MongoTemplate也封装了不少对应的修改方法，最基础的修改，主要是借助Update来实现
常见的使用姿势如:
a. 基本使用姿势
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public void basicUpdate() {
Query query = new Query(Criteria.where("_id").is("5c49b07ce6652f7e1add1ea2"));
Update update = new Update().set("desc", "Java & Python Developer");
mongoTemplate.updateFirst(query, update, COLLECTION_NAME);
queryAndPrint(query, "set");
}
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输出结果为：
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------------- after set age -------------
query records: {_id=5c49b07ce6652f7e1add1ea2, age=100, name=一灰灰blog, desc=Java & Python Developer, add=[额外增加], date=Mon Jan 28 16:00:08 CST 2019, doc={key=小目标, value=升职加薪，迎娶白富美}}
------------- end set age --------------
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b. 数字增加/减少
数字类型修改，使用 org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Update#inc
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Update numUp = new Update().inc("age", 20L);
mongoTemplate.updateFirst(query, numUp, COLLECTION_NAME);
queryAndPrint(query, "inc");
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输出结果为:
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------------- after inc age -------------
query records: {_id=5c49b07ce6652f7e1add1ea2, age=120, name=一灰灰blog, desc=Java & Python Developer, add=[额外增加], date=Mon Jan 28 16:00:08 CST 2019, doc={key=小目标, value=升职加薪，迎娶白富美}}
------------- end inc age --------------
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c. 数字比较修改
数字简单比较之后修改，如org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Update#max
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Update cmpUp = new Update().max("age", 88);
mongoTemplate.updateFirst(query, cmpUp, COLLECTION_NAME);
queryAndPrint(query, "cmp");
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输出结果
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------------- after cmp age -------------
query records: {_id=5c49b07ce6652f7e1add1ea2, age=120, name=一灰灰blog, desc=Java & Python Developer, add=[额外增加], date=Mon Jan 28 16:00:08 CST 2019, doc={key=小目标, value=升职加薪，迎娶白富美}}
------------- end cmp age --------------
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d. 乘法
乘法运算, 主要使用 org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Update#multiply
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Update mulUp = new Update().multiply("age", 3);
mongoTemplate.updateFirst(query, mulUp, COLLECTION_NAME);
queryAndPrint(query, "multiply");
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输出结果
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------------- after multiply age -------------
query records: {_id=5c49b07ce6652f7e1add1ea2, age=360.0, name=一灰灰blog, desc=Java & Python Developer, add=[额外增加], date=Mon Jan 28 16:00:08 CST 2019, doc={key=小目标, value=升职加薪，迎娶白富美}}
------------- end multiply age --------------
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e. 日期修改
日期修改, 如 org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Update#currentDate
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// 日期修改
Update dateUp = new Update().currentDate("date");
mongoTemplate.updateFirst(query, dateUp, COLLECTION_NAME);
queryAndPrint(query, "date");
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输出结果
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------------- after date age -------------
query records: {_id=5c49b07ce6652f7e1add1ea2, age=360.0, name=一灰灰blog, desc=Java & Python Developer, add=[额外增加], date=Mon Feb 18 19:34:56 CST 2019, doc={key=小目标, value=升职加薪，迎娶白富美}}
------------- end date age --------------
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2. field修改
不同于mysql的列表是固定的,mongodb的field可以增加、删除和重命名，下面分别看下三种case如何使用
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public void fieldUpdate() {
Query query = new Query(Criteria.where("_id").is("5c6a7ada10ffc647d301dd62"));
renameFiled(query);
addField(query);
delField(query);
}
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a. 重命名
利用org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Update#rename来实现重命名，需要注意的是，当修改的docuemnt没有这个成员时，相当于没有任务操作
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private void renameFiled(Query query) {
Update update = new Update().rename("desc", "skill");
mongoTemplate.updateFirst(query, update, COLLECTION_NAME);
queryAndPrint(query, "rename");
update = new Update().rename("desc", "s-skill");
mongoTemplate.updateFirst(query, update, COLLECTION_NAME);
queryAndPrint(query, "rename Not exists!");
}
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输出结果如下，后面一个语句相当于没有执行
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------------- after rename age -------------
query records: {_id=5c6a7ada10ffc647d301dd62, age=28.0, name=一灰灰blog, add=[额外增加], date=Mon Jan 28 16:00:08 CST 2019, doc={key=小目标, value=升职加薪，迎娶白富美}, skill=Java Developer}
------------- end rename age --------------
------------- after rename Not exists! age -------------
query records: {_id=5c6a7ada10ffc647d301dd62, age=28.0, name=一灰灰blog, add=[额外增加], date=Mon Jan 28 16:00:08 CST 2019, doc={key=小目标, value=升职加薪，迎娶白富美}, skill=Java Developer}
------------- end rename Not exists! age --------------
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b. 新增成员
新增也是直接利用的Update#set方法，当存在时，修改；不存在时，添加
- 另外提一下
setOnInsert, 如果要更新的文档存在那么$setOnInsert操作符不做任何处理；
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private void addField(Query query) {
Update update = new Update().set("new-skill", "Python");
mongoTemplate.updateFirst(query, update, COLLECTION_NAME);
queryAndPrint(query, "addField");
}
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输出结果如下：
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------------- after addField age -------------
query records: {_id=5c6a7ada10ffc647d301dd62, age=28.0, name=一灰灰blog, add=[额外增加], date=Mon Jan 28 16:00:08 CST 2019, doc={key=小目标, value=升职加薪，迎娶白富美}, skill=Java Developer, new-skill=Python}
------------- end addField age --------------
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c. 删除成员
删除document中的某个成员，借助org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Update#unset， 正好与添加对上
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private void delField(Query query) {
Update update = new Update().unset("new-skill");
mongoTemplate.updateFirst(query, update, COLLECTION_NAME);
queryAndPrint(query, "delField");
}
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输出结果如下
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------------- after delField age -------------
query records: {_id=5c6a7ada10ffc647d301dd62, age=28.0, name=一灰灰blog, add=[额外增加], date=Mon Jan 28 16:00:08 CST 2019, doc={key=小目标, value=升职加薪，迎娶白富美}, skill=Java Developer}
------------- end delField age --------------
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3. 数组操作
在MongoDB的document中，有两个有意思的类型，一个是数组，一个是document（即可以嵌套），这里则主要介绍下如何操作数组中的成员
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public void updateInnerArray() {
Query query = new Query(Criteria.where("_id").is("5c6a7ada10ffc647d301dd62"));
this.addData2Array(query);
this.batchAddData2Array(query);
this.delArrayData(query);
this.updateArrayData(query);
}
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a. 添加到数组中
在数组中新增一个数据，提供了两种方式，一个是org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Update#addToSet(java.lang.String, java.lang.Object)，一个是org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Update#push(java.lang.String, java.lang.Object)；两个的区别在于前者不能插入重复数据，后者可以
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private void addData2Array(Query query) {
String insert = "新添加>>" + System.currentTimeMillis();
Update update = new Update().addToSet("add", insert);
mongoTemplate.updateFirst(query, update, COLLECTION_NAME);
queryAndPrint(query, "add2List");
update = new Update().push("add", 10);
mongoTemplate.updateFirst(query, update, COLLECTION_NAME);
queryAndPrint(query, "push2List");
}
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输出结果
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------------- after add2List age -------------
query records: {_id=5c6a7ada10ffc647d301dd62, age=28.0, name=一灰灰blog, add=[额外增加, 新添加>>1550489696892], date=Mon Jan 28 16:00:08 CST 2019, doc={key=小目标, value=升职加薪，迎娶白富美}, skill=Java Developer}
------------- end add2List age --------------
------------- after push2List age -------------
query records: {_id=5c6a7ada10ffc647d301dd62, age=28.0, name=一灰灰blog, add=[额外增加, 新添加>>1550489696892, 10], date=Mon Jan 28 16:00:08 CST 2019, doc={key=小目标, value=升职加薪，迎娶白富美}, skill=Java Developer}
------------- end push2List age --------------
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b. 批量添加
一次添加多个，借助addToSet的each来实现
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private void batchAddData2Array(Query query) {
Update update = new Update().addToSet("add").each("2", "2", "3");
mongoTemplate.updateFirst(query, update, COLLECTION_NAME);
queryAndPrint(query, "batchAdd2List");
}
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输出结果:
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------------- after batchAdd2List age -------------
query records: {_id=5c6a7ada10ffc647d301dd62, age=28.0, name=一灰灰blog, add=[额外增加, 新添加>>1550489696892, 10, 2, 3], date=Mon Jan 28 16:00:08 CST 2019, doc={key=小目标, value=升职加薪，迎娶白富美}, skill=Java Developer}
------------- end batchAdd2List age --------------
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c. 删除
借助pull来精确删除某个值
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private void delArrayData(Query query) {
Update update = new Update().pull("add", "2");
mongoTemplate.updateFirst(query, update, COLLECTION_NAME);
queryAndPrint(query, "delArrayData");
}
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输出如下，注意对比，2没有了
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------------- after delArrayData age -------------
query records: {_id=5c6a7ada10ffc647d301dd62, age=28.0, name=一灰灰blog, add=[额外增加, 新添加>>1550489696892, 10, 3], date=Mon Jan 28 16:00:08 CST 2019, doc={key=小目标, value=升职加薪，迎娶白富美}, skill=Java Developer}
------------- end delArrayData age --------------
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d. 修改
修改，首先的问题是要定位，确定删除数组中某个下标的元素，这里借助了一个有意思的站位
- 定位删除的数组元素方法：
arrayKey.index
arrayKey 是数组在docment中的名index 表示要删除的索引
一个实例如下
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private void updateArrayData(Query query) {
Update update = new Update().set("add.1", "updateField");
mongoTemplate.updateFirst(query, update, COLLECTION_NAME);
queryAndPrint(query, "updateListData");
update = new Update().set("add.10", "nullBefore");
mongoTemplate.updateFirst(query, update, COLLECTION_NAME);
queryAndPrint(query, "updateListData");
}
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输出结果，注意后面的，如果数组个数小于待更新的索引位置，则前面补null
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------------- after updateListData age -------------
query records: {_id=5c6a7ada10ffc647d301dd62, age=28.0, name=一灰灰blog, add=[额外增加, updateField, 10, 3], date=Mon Jan 28 16:00:08 CST 2019, doc={key=小目标, value=升职加薪，迎娶白富美}, skill=Java Developer}
------------- end updateListData age --------------
------------- after updateListData age -------------
query records: {_id=5c6a7ada10ffc647d301dd62, age=28.0, name=一灰灰blog, add=[额外增加, updateField, 10, 3, null, null, null, null, null, null, nullBefore], date=Mon Jan 28 16:00:08 CST 2019, doc={key=小目标, value=升职加薪，迎娶白富美}, skill=Java Developer}
------------- end updateListData age --------------
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4. document操作
内嵌文档，可以所是MongoDB的一个特色了，我们则来看下如何进行操作
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public void updateInnerDoc() {
Query query = new Query(Criteria.where("_id").is("5c6a956b10ffc647d301dd63"));
this.addFieldToDoc(query);
this.updateFieldOfDoc(query);
this.delFieldOfDoc(query);
}
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a. 添加
借助前面的站位思想，就很好实现了，定位元素的方式采用
- docName.fieldName
- docName 为内嵌文档在docunent中的fieldName
- fieldName 为内嵌文档内部需要修改的fieldName
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private void addFieldToDoc(Query query) {
Update update = new Update().set("doc.title", "好好学习，天天向上!");
mongoTemplate.updateFirst(query, update, COLLECTION_NAME);
queryAndPrint(query, "addFieldToDoc");
}
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输出如下
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------------- after addFieldToDoc age -------------
query records: {_id=5c6a956b10ffc647d301dd63, age=18.0, name=一灰灰blog, date=Thu Feb 28 16:00:08 CST 2019, doc={key=小目标, value=升职加薪，迎娶白富美, title=好好学习，天天向上!}, skill=Java Developer}
------------- end addFieldToDoc age --------------
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c. 修改
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private void updateFieldOfDoc(Query query) {
Update update = new Update().set("doc.title", "新的标题：一灰灰Blog!");
mongoTemplate.updateFirst(query, update, COLLECTION_NAME);
queryAndPrint(query, "updateFieldOfDoc");
}
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输出如下
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------------- after updateFieldOfDoc age -------------
query records: {_id=5c6a956b10ffc647d301dd63, age=18.0, name=一灰灰blog, date=Thu Feb 28 16:00:08 CST 2019, doc={key=小目标, value=升职加薪，迎娶白富美, title=新的标题：一灰灰Blog!}, skill=Java Developer}
------------- end updateFieldOfDoc age --------------
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d. 删除
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private void delFieldOfDoc(Query query) {
Update update = new Update().unset("doc.title");
mongoTemplate.updateFirst(query, update, COLLECTION_NAME);
queryAndPrint(query, "delFieldOfDoc");
}
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输出如下
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------------- after delFieldOfDoc age -------------
query records: {_id=5c6a956b10ffc647d301dd63, age=18.0, name=一灰灰blog, date=Thu Feb 28 16:00:08 CST 2019, doc={key=小目标, value=升职加薪，迎娶白富美}, skill=Java Developer}
------------- end delFieldOfDoc age --------------
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II. 其他
0. 项目