一、概述
发布:发布者将MSG post到某一特定通道上,channel将信息缓存
在说明发布流程之前有必要说明下channel和msg的数据结构。
二、数据结构
2.1 MSG
发布时,模块先将消息转化为ngx_http_push_stream_msg_t的数据结构进行存储。
- // message queue
- typedef struct {
- ngx_queue_t queue; // this MUST be first
- time_t expires;//消息过期时间
- time_t time;//消息创建时间
- ngx_flag_t deleted;//是否已删除
- ngx_int_t id;
- ngx_str_t *raw;//纯文本
- ngx_int_t tag;
- ngx_str_t *event_id;//支持event source
- ngx_str_t *event_id_message;
- ngx_str_t *formatted_messages;//格式化后消息
- ngx_int_t workers_ref_count;//待发送该消息ngx worker计数
- } ngx_http_push_stream_msg_t;
@queue:每个channel会维护一个消息链表,每向channel发布一条消息,channel将其添加到自身的消息链表中。
@expires,@deleted:消息的过期时间,待介绍过订阅流程后,我会整理出一条消息的生产周期,到时会详细阐述该字段的意义。
@raw,@formatted_messages:该模块允许自定义三种消息模板——header模板:当收到订阅请求后发送模板消息;message模板:对消息体格式化;footer模板:断开连接时发送该模板。raw为消息原始内容,后者为应用message模板格式化后的信息
2.2 channel
channel作为发布订阅的中间载体,理解理解它的存储至关重要。
- typedef struct {
- ngx_rbtree_node_t node; // this MUST be first
- ngx_str_t id;
- ngx_uint_t last_message_id;
- time_t last_message_time;
- ngx_int_t last_message_tag;
- ngx_uint_t stored_messages;//# of messages
- ngx_uint_t subscribers;//# of subscribers
- ngx_http_push_stream_pid_queue_t workers_with_subscribers;//处理该channel上订阅者的ngx worker进程链表
- ngx_http_push_stream_msg_t message_queue;//消息链表
- time_t expires;//过期时间
- ngx_flag_t deleted;//是否已删除
- ngx_flag_t broadcast;//是否为广播通道
- ngx_http_push_stream_msg_t *channel_deleted_message;//已删除消息链表
- } ngx_http_push_stream_channel_t;
2.3 worker msg
- // messages to worker processes
- typedef struct {
- ngx_queue_t queue;
- ngx_http_push_stream_msg_t *msg; // ->shared memory
- ngx_pid_t pid;
- ngx_http_push_stream_channel_t *channel; // ->shared memory
- ngx_http_push_stream_queue_elem_t *subscribers_sentinel; // ->a worker's local pool
- } ngx_http_push_stream_worker_msg_t;
模块初始化时为每个ngx worker分配一片独立的工作区,工作区中维护一份消息链表。
三、流程
发布流程总的流程图如图所示:
对于删除channel和获取channel info的流程比较简单,不做阐述,具体说明下发布消息流程,流程图如图所示:
需要说明的是“向所有订阅者发送MSG”的过程:
- 向每个有该channel订阅者的worker(workers_with_subscriber)的消息链表中插入一条消息
- 向上述worker发送CHECK_MESSAGES指令,触发msg发送流程(ngx_http_push_stream_process_worker_message)
MSG发送(ngx_http_push_stream_process_worker_message):
- // now let's respond to some requests!
- //对于该channel上的所有订阅者
- while ((cur = (ngx_http_push_stream_queue_elem_t *) ngx_queue_next(&cur->queue)) != subscribers_sentinel) {
- ngx_http_push_stream_subscriber_t *subscriber = (ngx_http_push_stream_subscriber_t *) cur->value;
- //如果订阅者为longpolling模式
- if (subscriber->longpolling) {
- ngx_http_push_stream_queue_elem_t *prev = (ngx_http_push_stream_queue_elem_t *) ngx_queue_prev(&cur-
- >queue);
- //发送longpolling头(last Modified/Etag)
- ngx_http_push_stream_add_polling_headers(subscriber->request, msg->time, msg->tag, subscriber->reque
- st->pool);
- ngx_http_send_header(subscriber->request);
- //发送模块配置header模板
- ngx_http_push_stream_send_response_content_header(subscriber->request, ngx_http_get_module_loc_conf(
- subscriber->request, ngx_http_push_stream_module));
- //发送响应MSG
- ngx_http_push_stream_send_response_message(subscriber->request, channel, msg);
- //发送footer模板,last chunck(" "CRLF CRLF)
- ngx_http_push_stream_send_response_finalize(subscriber->request);
- cur = prev;
- } else {//stream或polling模式
- if (ngx_http_push_stream_send_response_message(subscriber->request, channel, msg) == NGX_ERROR) {
- ngx_http_push_stream_queue_elem_t *prev = (ngx_http_push_stream_queue_elem_t *) ngx_queue_prev(&
- cur->queue);
- ngx_http_push_stream_send_response_finalize(subscriber->request);
- cur = prev;
- }
- }
说明:
可以看出push stream模块在发布过程中针对longpolling和stream两种模式的不同:
- Longpolling模式下,每次发布消息时会发送longpolling头:last modified和etag,使得客户端下次请求时可据此判断服务端是否有更新的消息待发布。
- longpolling模式下,订阅者每次请求都会在获得数据后断开重连,所以每次发布时都会发送header模板
- ngx_http_push_stream_send_response_finalize同时会清理订阅者