• python之jupyter notebook


      jupyter是一种交互式计算和开发环境的笔记,ipython命令行比原生的python命令行更加友好和高效,还可以运行web版的界面,支持多语言,输出图形、音频、视频等功能。

    安装

    pip install jupyter

    使用

    1.   命令行方式
    ipython

      2.   运行shell命令

    感叹号!+shell直接运行shell命令,如!pwd
    运行python文件
    
    %run test.py(python文件)
    魔术函数的使用:
    %time a = np.arange(1000)    

    %quickref 显示IPython的快速参考

    %magic 显示所有魔术命令的详细文档
    %debug 从最新的异常跟踪的底部进入交互式调试器
    %hist 打印命令的输入(可选输出)历史
    %pdb 在异常发生后自动进入调试器
    %paste 执行剪贴板中的Python代码
    %cpaste 打开一个特殊提示符以便手工粘贴待执行的Python代码
    %reset 删除interactive命名空间中的全部变量/名称
    %page OBJECT 通过分页器打印输出OBJECT
    %run script.py 在IPython中执行一个Python脚本文件
    %prun statement 通过cProfile执行statement,并打印分析器的输出结果
    %time statement 报告statement的执行时间
    %timeit statement 多次执行statement以计算系综平均执行时间。对那些执行时 间非常小的代码很有用
    %who、%who_ls、%whos 显示interactive命名空间中定义的变量,信息级别/冗余度可变
    %xdel variable 删除variable,并尝试清除其在IPython中的对象上的一切引用

      3.  运行web ipython环境

    jupyter notebooke --ip=127.0.0.1 --port=8888

    更多参数:

    这将启动一个基于tornado的HTML笔记本服务器,它提供一个html5/javascript笔记本客户端。

    Subcommands
    -----------

    Subcommands are launched as `jupyter-notebook cmd [args]`. For information on
    using subcommand 'cmd', do: `jupyter-notebook cmd -h`.

    list
    列出当前运行的Notebook服务.
    stop
    Stop currently running notebook server for a given port
    password
    Set a password for the notebook server.

    Options
    -------

    Arguments that take values are actually convenience aliases to full
    Configurables, whose aliases are listed on the help line. For more information
    on full configurables, see '--help-all'.

    --debug
    set log level to logging.DEBUG (maximize logging output)
    --generate-config
    generate default config file
    -y
    Answer yes to any questions instead of prompting.
    --no-browser
    在启动服务以后不在浏览器中打开一个窗口.
    --pylab
    DISABLED: use %pylab or %matplotlib in the notebook to enable matplotlib.
    --no-mathjax
    Disable MathJax

    MathJax is the javascript library Jupyter uses to render math/LaTeX. It is
    very large, so you may want to disable it if you have a slow internet
    connection, or for offline use of the notebook.

    When disabled, equations etc. will appear as their untransformed TeX source.
    --allow-root
    允许notebook在root用户下运行.
    --script
    DEPRECATED, IGNORED
    --no-script
    DEPRECATED, IGNORED
    --log-level=<Enum> (Application.log_level)
    Default: 30
    Choices: (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 'DEBUG', 'INFO', 'WARN', 'ERROR', 'CRITICAL')
    Set the log level by value or name.
    --config=<Unicode> (JupyterApp.config_file)
    Default: ''
    Full path of a config file.
    --ip=<Unicode> (NotebookApp.ip)
    Default: 'localhost'
    notebook服务会监听的IP地址.
    --port=<Int> (NotebookApp.port)
    Default: 8888
    notebook服务会监听的IP端口.
    --port-retries=<Int> (NotebookApp.port_retries)
    Default: 50
    如果指定的端口不可用,则要尝试其他端口的数量.
    --transport=<CaselessStrEnum> (KernelManager.transport)
    Default: 'tcp'
    Choices: ['tcp', 'ipc']
    --keyfile=<Unicode> (NotebookApp.keyfile)
    Default: ''
    SSL/TLS 私钥文件所在全路径.
    --certfile=<Unicode> (NotebookApp.certfile)
    Default: ''
    SSL/TLS 认证文件所在全路径.
    --client-ca=<Unicode> (NotebookApp.client_ca)
    Default: ''
    用于ssl/tls客户端身份验证的证书颁发证书的完整路径.
    --notebook-dir=<Unicode> (NotebookApp.notebook_dir)
    Default: ''
    用于笔记本和内核的目录。
    --browser=<Unicode> (NotebookApp.browser)
    Default: ''
    Specify what command to use to invoke a web browser when opening the
    notebook. If not specified, the default browser will be determined by the
    `webbrowser` standard library module, which allows setting of the BROWSER
    environment variable to override it.
    --pylab=<Unicode> (NotebookApp.pylab)
    Default: 'disabled'
    DISABLED: use %pylab or %matplotlib in the notebook to enable matplotlib.
    --gateway-url=<Unicode> (GatewayClient.url)
    Default: None
    The url of the Kernel or Enterprise Gateway server where kernel
    specifications are defined and kernel management takes place. If defined,
    this Notebook server acts as a proxy for all kernel management and kernel
    specification retrieval. (JUPYTER_GATEWAY_URL env var)

    To see all available configurables, use `--help-all`

    Examples
    --------

    jupyter notebook # start the notebook
    jupyter notebook --certfile=mycert.pem # use SSL/TLS certificate
    jupyter notebook password # enter a password to protect the server

      常用命令:

        1.  查看配置文件

    jupyter notebook --generate-config

        如果配置文件不存在, 创建

    ipython profile create

      常用快捷键:

    • 执行当前cell,并自动跳到下一个cell:Shift Enter
    • 执行当前cell,执行后不自动调转到下一个cell:Ctrl-Enter
    • 为一行或者多行添加/取消注释:Crtl /<br>打开帮助,Ctrl+Shirt+P

      1. 添加代码自动补全

    pip install jupyter_contrib_nbextensions
    
    安装完成,需要配置
    jupyter contrib nbextension install --user --skip-running-check
    
    启动jupyter notebook
    
    页面上会出现 Nbextensions
        勾选 Hinterland即可
    
    具体使用的时候, 使用tab进行代码补全操作

       2. 显示行号

      查看 > 切换行号

      3. 以守护进程方式运行

    nohup jupyter notebook --ip=0.0.0.0 --port=8888 --allow-root > /dev/null 2>&1 &

      4. 设置登陆密码

    Jupiter notebook password

      常见错误:

      1. python - Jupyter error: "No module named jupyter_core.paths"

      重新安装jupyter

      2. ImportError: No module named '_sqlite3'

    Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "decode_conv.py", line 6, in <module> 
    import sqlite3 
    File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/sqlite3/__init__.py", line 23, in <module> 
    from sqlite3.dbapi2 import * 
    File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/sqlite3/dbapi2.py", line 27, in <module> 
    from _sqlite3 import * 
    ImportError: No module named '_sqlite3' 

      解决:

      

    # 先安装 sqlite-devel
    yum install sqlite-devel
    
    # 之后需要将Python基于代码的安装包重新编译一下,并重新安装之后
    ./configure –prefix=python-install-folder 
    make & make install 
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/xingxia/p/python_jupyter-notebook.html
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