头文件
1/***
2*
3* author:XieXiaokui
5* purpose:Defines functions for matrix
6*
7***/
8#pragma once
9
10#include <iostream>
11#include <fstream>
12
13#include <string>
14#include <sstream>
15#include <algorithm>
16#include <functional>
17#include <numeric>
18#include <iterator>
19#include <cassert>
20
21#include "MatrixException.h"
22
23using namespace std;
24
25class Matrix
26{
27public:
28
29 // Constructors
30 explicit Matrix();
31 explicit Matrix(int size);
32 Matrix(int row,int col);
33 Matrix(const Matrix& m);
34
35 // Destructor
36 ~Matrix();
37
38 // Assignment operators
39 Matrix& operator= (const Matrix& m);
40
41 // Value extraction method
42 int GetRow() const;
43 int GetCol() const;
44
45 // Subscript operator
46 double operator()(int i,int j)const; //subscript operator to get individual elements
47 double& operator()(int i,int j); //subscript operator to set individual elements
48
49 // Unary operators
50 Matrix operator+() const; //unary negation operator
51 Matrix operator-() const; //unary negation operator
52
53 //Binary operators
54 Matrix operator+(const Matrix& m) const;
55 Matrix operator-(const Matrix& m) const;
56 Matrix operator*(const Matrix& m) const;
57// Matrix operator*(double d)const;
58 Matrix operator/(const Matrix& m) const;
59 Matrix operator/(double d) const;
60 Matrix operator^(int pow) const;
61
62 bool operator== (const Matrix& m) const; //logical equal-to operator
63 bool operator!= (const Matrix& m) const; //logical not-equal-to operator
64
65 friend Matrix operator* (double d,const Matrix& m);
66 friend Matrix operator/ (double d,const Matrix& m);
67
68
69
70 // Combined assignment - calculation operators
71 Matrix& operator +=(const Matrix& m) const;
72 Matrix& operator -=(const Matrix& m) const;
73 Matrix& operator *=(const Matrix& m) const;
74 Matrix& operator *=(double d) const;
75 Matrix& operator /=(const Matrix& m) const;
76 Matrix& operator /=(double d) const;
77 Matrix& operator ^=(int pow) const;
78
79 // Miscellaneous -methods
80 void SetZero() ; //zero matrix:零阵
81 void SetUnit() ; //unit matrix:单位阵
82 void SetSize(int size) ; //rsizing matrix
83 void SetSize(int row,int col) ; //resizing matrix
84
85 // Utility methods
86 Matrix Solve(const Matrix& m)const; //
87 Matrix Adjoin() const; //adjoin matrix:伴随矩阵
88 double Determinant() const; //determinant:行列式
89 double Norm() const; //norm:模
90 Matrix Inverse() const; //inverse:逆阵
91 Matrix Transpose() const; //transpose:转置
92 double Cofactor() const; //confactor
93 double Condition() const; //the condition number of a matrix
94 int Pivot(int row) const; // partial pivoting
95
96 //primary change
97 Matrix& Exchange(int i,int j);// 初等变换 对调两行:ri<-->rj
98 Matrix& Multiple(int index,double k); //初等变换 第index 行乘以k
99 Matrix& MultipleAdd(int index,int src,double k); //初等变换 第src行乘以k加到第index行
100
101
102 // Type of matrices
103 bool IsSquare() const; //determine if the matrix is square:方阵
104 bool IsSingular() const; //determine if the matrix is singular奇异阵
105 bool IsDiagonal() const; //determine if the matrix is diagonal对角阵
106 bool IsScalar() const; //determine if the matrix is scalar数量阵
107 bool IsUnit() const; //determine if the matrix is unit单位阵
108 bool IsZero() const; //determine if the matrix is zero零矩阵
109 bool IsSymmetric() const; //determine if the matrix is symmetric对称阵
110 bool IsSkewSymmetric() const; //determine if the matrix is skew-symmetric斜对称阵
111 bool IsUpperTriangular() const; //determine if the matrix is upper-triangular上三角阵
112 bool IsLowerTriangular() const; //determine if the matrix is lower-triangular下三角阵
113
114 // output stream function
115 friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& os,const Matrix& m);
116
117 // input stream function
118 friend istream& operator>>(istream& is,Matrix& m);
119
120 //conert to string
121 string ToString() const;
122
123protected:
124
125 //delete the matrix
126 void Create(int row,int col);
127 void Clear();
128
129private:
130
131 const static double epsilon;
132
133 double** m_data;
134 size_t m_row;
135 size_t m_col;
136
137};
2*
3* author:XieXiaokui
5* purpose:Defines functions for matrix
6*
7***/
8#pragma once
9
10#include <iostream>
11#include <fstream>
12
13#include <string>
14#include <sstream>
15#include <algorithm>
16#include <functional>
17#include <numeric>
18#include <iterator>
19#include <cassert>
20
21#include "MatrixException.h"
22
23using namespace std;
24
25class Matrix
26{
27public:
28
29 // Constructors
30 explicit Matrix();
31 explicit Matrix(int size);
32 Matrix(int row,int col);
33 Matrix(const Matrix& m);
34
35 // Destructor
36 ~Matrix();
37
38 // Assignment operators
39 Matrix& operator= (const Matrix& m);
40
41 // Value extraction method
42 int GetRow() const;
43 int GetCol() const;
44
45 // Subscript operator
46 double operator()(int i,int j)const; //subscript operator to get individual elements
47 double& operator()(int i,int j); //subscript operator to set individual elements
48
49 // Unary operators
50 Matrix operator+() const; //unary negation operator
51 Matrix operator-() const; //unary negation operator
52
53 //Binary operators
54 Matrix operator+(const Matrix& m) const;
55 Matrix operator-(const Matrix& m) const;
56 Matrix operator*(const Matrix& m) const;
57// Matrix operator*(double d)const;
58 Matrix operator/(const Matrix& m) const;
59 Matrix operator/(double d) const;
60 Matrix operator^(int pow) const;
61
62 bool operator== (const Matrix& m) const; //logical equal-to operator
63 bool operator!= (const Matrix& m) const; //logical not-equal-to operator
64
65 friend Matrix operator* (double d,const Matrix& m);
66 friend Matrix operator/ (double d,const Matrix& m);
67
68
69
70 // Combined assignment - calculation operators
71 Matrix& operator +=(const Matrix& m) const;
72 Matrix& operator -=(const Matrix& m) const;
73 Matrix& operator *=(const Matrix& m) const;
74 Matrix& operator *=(double d) const;
75 Matrix& operator /=(const Matrix& m) const;
76 Matrix& operator /=(double d) const;
77 Matrix& operator ^=(int pow) const;
78
79 // Miscellaneous -methods
80 void SetZero() ; //zero matrix:零阵
81 void SetUnit() ; //unit matrix:单位阵
82 void SetSize(int size) ; //rsizing matrix
83 void SetSize(int row,int col) ; //resizing matrix
84
85 // Utility methods
86 Matrix Solve(const Matrix& m)const; //
87 Matrix Adjoin() const; //adjoin matrix:伴随矩阵
88 double Determinant() const; //determinant:行列式
89 double Norm() const; //norm:模
90 Matrix Inverse() const; //inverse:逆阵
91 Matrix Transpose() const; //transpose:转置
92 double Cofactor() const; //confactor
93 double Condition() const; //the condition number of a matrix
94 int Pivot(int row) const; // partial pivoting
95
96 //primary change
97 Matrix& Exchange(int i,int j);// 初等变换 对调两行:ri<-->rj
98 Matrix& Multiple(int index,double k); //初等变换 第index 行乘以k
99 Matrix& MultipleAdd(int index,int src,double k); //初等变换 第src行乘以k加到第index行
100
101
102 // Type of matrices
103 bool IsSquare() const; //determine if the matrix is square:方阵
104 bool IsSingular() const; //determine if the matrix is singular奇异阵
105 bool IsDiagonal() const; //determine if the matrix is diagonal对角阵
106 bool IsScalar() const; //determine if the matrix is scalar数量阵
107 bool IsUnit() const; //determine if the matrix is unit单位阵
108 bool IsZero() const; //determine if the matrix is zero零矩阵
109 bool IsSymmetric() const; //determine if the matrix is symmetric对称阵
110 bool IsSkewSymmetric() const; //determine if the matrix is skew-symmetric斜对称阵
111 bool IsUpperTriangular() const; //determine if the matrix is upper-triangular上三角阵
112 bool IsLowerTriangular() const; //determine if the matrix is lower-triangular下三角阵
113
114 // output stream function
115 friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& os,const Matrix& m);
116
117 // input stream function
118 friend istream& operator>>(istream& is,Matrix& m);
119
120 //conert to string
121 string ToString() const;
122
123protected:
124
125 //delete the matrix
126 void Create(int row,int col);
127 void Clear();
128
129private:
130
131 const static double epsilon;
132
133 double** m_data;
134 size_t m_row;
135 size_t m_col;
136
137};
1/***
2*
3*
4* author:XieXiaokui
5* purpose:Defines functions for matrix
6*
7***/
8#include "stdafx.h"
9
10#include <iostream>
11#include <fstream>
12
13#include <string>
14#include <sstream>
15#include <algorithm>
16#include <functional>
17#include <numeric>
18#include <iterator>
19#include <cmath>
20#include <cassert>
21
22#include "matrix.h"
23
24using namespace std;
25
26const double Matrix::epsilon = 1e-7;
27
28// constructor
29
30Matrix::Matrix():m_row(0),m_col(0),m_data(0)
31{
32}
33
34
35// constructor
36Matrix::Matrix(int size):m_row(size),m_col(size)
37{
38 if(size<=0)
39 {
40 m_row=0;
41 m_col=0;
42 m_data=0;
43
44 ostringstream oss;
45 oss<<"In Matrix::Matrix(int size) size "<<size<<" <=0.Please check it.";
46 throw oss.str();
47
48 }
49
50 m_data=new double*[size];
51
52 for(int i=0;i<size;i++)
53 {
54 m_data[i]=new double[size];
55 }
56
57}
58
59// constructor
60Matrix::Matrix(int row,int col):m_row(row),m_col(col)
61{
62 if(row<=0)
63 {
64 m_row=0;
65 m_col=0;
66 m_data=0;
67
68 ostringstream oss;
69 oss<<"In Matrix::Matrix(int row,int col),row "<<row<<" <=0.Please check it.";
70 throw oss.str();
71 }
72 if(col<=0)
73 {
74 m_row=0;
75 m_col=0;
76 m_data=0;
77
78 ostringstream oss;
79 oss<<" In Matrix::Matrix(int row,int col),col "<<col<<" <=0.Pleasecheck it.";
80 throw oss.str();
81 }
82
83 m_data=new double*[row];
84 for(int i=0;i<row;i++)
85 {
86 m_data[i]=new double[col];
87 }
88}
89
90//copy constructor
91Matrix::Matrix(const Matrix& m):m_row(m.m_row),m_col(m.m_col)
92{
93 m_data = new double*[m_row];
94 for(int i=0;i<m_row;i++)
95 {
96 m_data[i] = new double[m_col];
97 }
98
99 for(int i=0;i<m_row;i++)
100 {
101 copy(m.m_data[i],m.m_data[i]+m_col,m_data[i]);
102 }
103
104}
105
106Matrix::~Matrix()
107{
108 if(m_data != 0)
109 {
110 for(int i=0;i<m_row;i++)
111 {
112 delete[] m_data[i];
113 }
114 delete[] m_data;
115 }
116}
117
118void Matrix::SetZero()
119{
120 for(int i=0;i<m_row;i++)
121 fill(m_data[i],m_data[i]+m_col,0);
122}
123
124void Matrix::SetUnit()
125{
126 for(int i=0;i<m_row;i++)
127 for(int j=0;j<m_col;j++)
128 m_data[i][j] = (i==j)?1:0;
129}
130
131void Matrix::SetSize(int size)
132{
133 Clear();
134 Create(size,size);
135}
136
137
138void Matrix::SetSize(int row,int col)
139{
140 Clear();
141 Create(row,col);
142}
143
144
145void Matrix::Clear()
146{
147
148 if(m_data != 0)
149 {
150 for(int i=0;i<m_row;i++)
151 {
152 delete[] m_data[i];
153 }
154 delete[] m_data;
155 }
156
157 m_row=0;
158 m_col=0;
159 m_data=0;
160}
161
162/*
163Matrix& Matrix::Create(int size)
164{
165 if(size<=0)
166 {
167 ostringstream oss;
168 oss<<"In Matrix::Create(int size),size "<<size<<" <=0.Please check it.";
169
170 throw oss.str();
171 }
172
173 if(m_data != 0)
174 {
175 for(int i=0;i<m_row;i++)
176 {
177 delete[] m_data[i];
178 }
179 delete[] m_data;
180 }
181
182 m_row=size;
183 m_col=size;
184
185 m_data=new double*[size];
186 for(int i=0;i<size;i++)
187 {
188 m_data[i]=new double[size];
189 }
190
191 for(int i=0;i<size;i++)
192 {
193 for(int j=0;j<size;j++)
194 {
195 m_data[i][j] = ((i==j)?1:0);
196 }
197 }
198
199 return *this;
200}
201*/
202
203void Matrix::Create(int row,int col)
204{
205 if(row<=0)
206 {
207 ostringstream oss;
208 oss<<"In Matrix::Create(int row,int col),row "<<row<<" <=0.Please check it.";
209 throw oss.str();
210 }
211 if(col<=0)
212 {
213 ostringstream oss;
214 oss<<"In Matrix::Create(int row,int col),col "<<col<<" <=0.Please check it.";
215 throw oss.str();
216 }
217
218 if(m_data != 0)
219 {
220 for(int i=0;i<m_row;i++)
221 {
222 delete[] m_data[i];
223 }
224 delete[] m_data;
225 }
226
227 m_row=row;
228 m_col=col;
229 m_data=new double*[row];
230 for(int i=0;i<row;i++)
231 {
232 m_data[i]=new double[col];
233 }
234}
235
236
237int Matrix::GetRow() const
238{
239 return m_row;
240}
241
242int Matrix::GetCol() const
243{
244 return m_col;
245}
246
247//transpose 转置
248Matrix Matrix::Transpose() const
249{
250 Matrix ret(m_col,m_row);
251 for(int i=0;i<m_row;i++)
252 {
253 for(int j=0;j<m_col;j++)
254 {
255 ret.m_data[j][i] = m_data[i][j];
256 }
257 }
258 return ret;
259}
260
261int Matrix::Pivot(int row) const
262{
263 int index=row;
264
265 for(int i=row+1;i<m_row;i++)
266 {
267 if(m_data[i][row] > m_data[index][row])
268 index=i;
269 }
270
271 return index;
272}
273
274
275Matrix& Matrix::Exchange(int i,int j) // 初等变换:对调两行ri<-->rj
276{
277 if(i<0 || i>=m_row)
278 {
279 ostringstream oss;
280 oss<<"In void Matrix::Exchange(int i,int j) ,i "<<i<<" out of bounds.Please check it.";
281 throw oss.str();
282 }
283
284 if(j<0 || j>=m_row)
285 {
286 ostringstream oss;
287 oss<<"In void Matrix::Exchange(int i,int j) ,j "<<j<<" out of bounds.Please check it.";
288 throw oss.str();
289 }
290
291 for(int k=0;k<m_col;k++)
292 {
293 swap(m_data[i][k],m_data[j][k]);
294 }
295
296 return *this;
297}
298
299
300Matrix& Matrix::Multiple(int index,double mul) //初等变换 第index 行乘以mul
301{
302 if(index <0 || index >= m_row)
303 {
304 ostringstream oss;
305 oss<<"In void Matrix::Multiple(int index,double k) index "<<index<<" out of bounds.Please check it.";
306 throw oss.str();
307 }
308
309 transform(m_data[index],m_data[index]+m_col,m_data[index],bind2nd(multiplies<double>(),mul));
310 return *this;
311}
312
313
314Matrix& Matrix::MultipleAdd(int index,int src,double mul) //初等变换 第src行乘以mul加到第index行
315{
316 if(index <0 || index >= m_row)
317 {
318 ostringstream oss;
319 oss<<"In void MultipleAdd(int index,int src,double k) index "<<index<<" out of bounds.Please check it.";
320 throw oss.str();
321 }
322
323 if(src < 0 || src >= m_row)
324 {
325 ostringstream oss;
326 oss<<"In void MultipleAdd(int index,int src,double k) src "<<src<<" out of bounds.Please check it.";
327 throw oss.str();
328 }
329
330 for(int j=0;j<m_col;j++)
331 {
332 m_data[index][j] += m_data[src][j] * mul;
333 }
334
335 return *this;
336
337}
338
339
340//inverse 逆阵:使用矩阵的初等变换,列主元素消去法
341Matrix Matrix::Inverse() const
342{
343 if(m_row != m_col) //非方阵
344 {
345 ostringstream oss;
346 oss<<"In Matrix Matrix::Invert() const. m_row "<<m_row<<" != m_col "<<m_col<<" Please check it";
347 throw oss.str();
348 }
349
350 Matrix tmp(*this);
351 Matrix ret(m_row); //单位阵
352 ret.SetUnit();
353
354 int maxIndex;
355 double dMul;
356
357 for(int i=0;i<m_row;i++)
358 {
359
360 maxIndex = tmp.Pivot(i);
361
362 if(tmp.m_data[maxIndex][i]==0)
363 {
364 ostringstream oss;
365 oss<<"In Matrix Matrix::Invert() const 行列式的值等于0.Please check it";
366 throw oss.str();
367 }
368
369 if(maxIndex != i) //下三角阵中此列的最大值不在当前行,交换
370 {
371 tmp.Exchange(i,maxIndex);
372 ret.Exchange(i,maxIndex);
373
374 }
375
376 ret.Multiple(i,1/tmp.m_data[i][i]);
377 tmp.Multiple(i,1/tmp.m_data[i][i]);
378
379
380 for(int j=i+1;j<m_row;j++)
381 {
382 dMul = -tmp.m_data[j][i];
383 tmp.MultipleAdd(j,i,dMul);
384 ret.MultipleAdd(j,i,dMul);
385
386 }
387
388 }//end for
389
390 for(int i=m_row-1;i>0;i--)
391 {
392 for(int j=i-1;j>=0;j--)
393 {
394 dMul = -tmp.m_data[j][i];
395 tmp.MultipleAdd(j,i,dMul);
396 ret.MultipleAdd(j,i,dMul);
397 }
398 }//end for
399
400 return ret;
401}
402
403
404
405// assignment operator 賦值运算符
406Matrix& Matrix::operator= (const Matrix& m)
407{
408 if(m_data != 0)
409 {
410 for(int i=0;i<m_row;i++)
411 {
412 delete[] m_data[i];
413 }
414 delete[] m_data;
415 }
416
417 m_row = m.m_row;
418 m_col = m.m_col;
419
420 m_data = new double*[m_row];
421 for(int i=0;i< m_row;i++)
422 {
423 m_data[i] = new double[m_col];
424 }
425
426 for(int i=0;i<m_row;i++)
427 {
428 copy(m.m_data[i],m.m_data[i]+m_col,m_data[i]);
429 }
430 return *this;
431}
432
433
434//binary addition 矩阵加
435Matrix Matrix::operator+ (const Matrix& m) const
436{
437 if(m_row != m.m_row)
438 {
439 ostringstream oss;
440 oss<<"In Matrix::operator+(const Matrix& m) this->m_row "<<m_row<<" != m.m_row "<<m.m_row<<" Please check it.";
441 throw oss.str();
442 }
443 if(m_col != m.m_col)
444 {
445 ostringstream oss;
446 oss<<" Matrix::operator+ (const Matrix& m) this->m_col "<<m_col<<" != m.m_col "<<m.m_col<<" Please check it.";
447 throw oss.str();
448 }
449
450 Matrix ret(m_row,m_col);
451 for(int i=0;i<m_row;i++)
452 {
453 transform(m_data[i],m_data[i]+m_col,m.m_data[i],ret.m_data[i],plus<double>());
454 }
455 return ret;
456}
457
458//unary addition 求正
459Matrix Matrix::operator+() const
460{
461 return *this;
462}
463
464//binary subtraction 矩阵减
465Matrix Matrix::operator- (const Matrix& m) const
466{
467 if(m_row != m.m_row)
468 {
469 ostringstream oss;
470 oss<<"In Matrix::operator-(const Matrix& m) this->m_row "<<m_row<<" != m.m_row "<<m.m_row<<" Please check it.";
471 throw oss.str();
472 }
473 if(m_col != m.m_col)
474 {
475 ostringstream oss;
476 oss<<"In Matrix::operator- (const Matrix& m) this->m_col "<<m_col<<" != m.m_col "<<m.m_col<<" Please check it.";
477 throw oss.str();
478 }
479
480 Matrix ret(m_row,m_col);
481 for(int i=0;i<m_row;i++)
482 {
483 transform(m_data[i],m_data[i]+m_col,m.m_data[i],ret.m_data[i],minus<double>());
484 }
485 return ret;
486}
487
488//unary substraction 求负
489Matrix Matrix::operator-() const
490{
491 Matrix ret(*this);
492
493 for(int i=0;i<m_row;i++)
494 for(int j=0;j<m_col;j++)
495 ret.m_data[i][j] *= -1;
496
497 return ret;
498
499}
500
501
502//binary multiple 矩阵乘
503Matrix Matrix::operator*(const Matrix& m) const
504{
505 if(m_col != m.m_row)
506 {
507 ostringstream oss;
508 oss<<"In Matrix::operator*(const Matrix& m) this->m_col "<<m_col<<" != m.m_row "<<m.m_row<<" Please check it.";
509 throw oss.str();
510 }
511
512 Matrix ret(m_row,m.m_col);
513 Matrix tmp=m.Transpose();
514
515 for(int i=0;i<m_row;i++)
516 {
517 for(int j=0;j<m.m_col;j++)
518 {
519 ret.m_data[i][j]=inner_product(m_data[i],m_data[i]+m_col,tmp.m_data[j],0.0);
520 }
521 }
522
523 return ret;;
524}
525
526//friend scalar multiple 数乘
527Matrix operator* (double d,const Matrix& m)
528{
529 Matrix ret(m);
530
531 for(int i=0;i<ret.m_row;i++)
532 for(int j=0;j<ret.m_col;j++)
533 ret.m_data[i][j] *= d;
534
535 return ret;
536
537}
538
539//binary matrix division equivalent to multiple inverse矩阵除,等价于乘以逆阵
540Matrix Matrix::operator/(const Matrix& m) const
541{
542 return *this * m.Inverse();
543}
544
545//binary scalar division equivalent to multiple reciprocal数除,等价于乘以此数的倒数
546Matrix Matrix::operator/(double d) const
547{
548 return 1/d * (*this);
549}
550
551//friend division
552Matrix operator/(double d,const Matrix& m)
553{
554 return d * m.Inverse();
555}
556
557
558// subscript operator to get individual elements 下标运算符
559double Matrix::operator()(int i,int j) const
560{
561 if(i<0 || i>= m_row)
562 {
563 ostringstream oss;
564 oss<<"In double Matrix::operator()(int i,int j) const.i "<<i<<" out of bounds.Please check it";
565 throw oss.str();
566 }
567 if(j<0 || j>= m_col)
568 {
569 ostringstream oss;
570 oss<<"In double Matrix::operator()(int i,int j) const.j "<<j<<" out of bounds.Please check it";
571 throw oss.str();
572 }
573
574 return m_data[i][j];
575}
576
577// subscript operator to set individual elements 下标运算符
578double& Matrix::operator ()(int i,int j)
579{
580 if(i<0 || i>= m_row)
581 {
582 ostringstream oss;
583 oss<<"In double Matrix::operator()(int i,int j) const.i "<<i<<" out of bounds.Please check it";
584 throw oss.str();
585 }
586 if(j<0 || j>= m_col)
587 {
588 ostringstream oss;
589 oss<<"In double Matrix::operator()(int i,int j) const.j "<<j<<" out of bounds.Please check it";
590 throw oss.str();
591 }
592
593 return m_data[i][j];
594}
595
596//to string 化为标准串
597string Matrix::ToString() const
598{
599 ostringstream oss;
600 for(int i=0;i<m_row;i++)
601 {
602 copy(m_data[i],m_data[i]+m_col,ostream_iterator<double>(oss," "));
603 oss<<"\n";
604 }
605
606 return oss.str();
607}
608
609// outputt stream function 输出
610
611ostream& operator<<(ostream& os,const Matrix& m)
612{
613 for(int i=0;i<m.m_row;i++)
614 {
615 copy(m.m_data[i],m.m_data[i]+m.m_col,ostream_iterator<double>(os," "));
616 os<<'\n';
617 }
618 return os;
619}
620
621// input stream function 输入
622istream& operator>>(istream& is,Matrix& m)
623{
624 for(int i=0;i<m.m_row;i++)
625 {
626 for(int j=0;j<m.m_col;j++)
627 {
628 is>>m.m_data[i][j];
629 }
630 }
631 return is;
632}
633
634
635// reallocation method
636
637// public method for resizing matrix
638
639// logical equal-to operator
640
641// logical no-equal-to operator
642
643// combined addition and assignment operator
644
645// combined subtraction and assignment operator
646
647// combined scalar multiplication and assignment operator
648
649
650// combined matrix multiplication and assignment operator
651
652// combined scalar division and assignment operator
653
654// combined power and assignment operator
655
656// unary negation operator
657
658// binary addition operator
659
660// binary subtraction operator
661
662// binary scalar multiplication operator
663
664// binary scalar multiplication operator
665
666// binary matrix multiplication operator
667
668// binary scalar division operator
669
670
671// binary scalar division operator
672
673// binary matrix division operator
674
675// binary power operator
676
677// unary transpose operator
678
679// unary Inverse operator
680
681// Inverse function
682
683// solve simultaneous equation
684
685// set zero to all elements of this matrix
686
687// set this matrix to unity
688
689// private partial pivoting method
690
691// calculate the determinant of a matrix
692
693// calculate the norm of a matrix
694
695// calculate the condition number of a matrix
696
697// calculate the cofactor of a matrix for a given element
698
699// calculate adjoin of a matrix
700
701// Determine if the matrix is singular
702
703// Determine if the matrix is diagonal
704
705// Determine if the matrix is scalar
706
707// Determine if the matrix is a unit matrix
708
709// Determine if this is a null matrix
710
711// Determine if the matrix is symmetric
712
713// Determine if the matrix is skew-symmetric
714// Determine if the matrix is upper triangular
715
716// Determine if the matrix is lower triangular
2*
3*
4* author:XieXiaokui
5* purpose:Defines functions for matrix
6*
7***/
8#include "stdafx.h"
9
10#include <iostream>
11#include <fstream>
12
13#include <string>
14#include <sstream>
15#include <algorithm>
16#include <functional>
17#include <numeric>
18#include <iterator>
19#include <cmath>
20#include <cassert>
21
22#include "matrix.h"
23
24using namespace std;
25
26const double Matrix::epsilon = 1e-7;
27
28// constructor
29
30Matrix::Matrix():m_row(0),m_col(0),m_data(0)
31{
32}
33
34
35// constructor
36Matrix::Matrix(int size):m_row(size),m_col(size)
37{
38 if(size<=0)
39 {
40 m_row=0;
41 m_col=0;
42 m_data=0;
43
44 ostringstream oss;
45 oss<<"In Matrix::Matrix(int size) size "<<size<<" <=0.Please check it.";
46 throw oss.str();
47
48 }
49
50 m_data=new double*[size];
51
52 for(int i=0;i<size;i++)
53 {
54 m_data[i]=new double[size];
55 }
56
57}
58
59// constructor
60Matrix::Matrix(int row,int col):m_row(row),m_col(col)
61{
62 if(row<=0)
63 {
64 m_row=0;
65 m_col=0;
66 m_data=0;
67
68 ostringstream oss;
69 oss<<"In Matrix::Matrix(int row,int col),row "<<row<<" <=0.Please check it.";
70 throw oss.str();
71 }
72 if(col<=0)
73 {
74 m_row=0;
75 m_col=0;
76 m_data=0;
77
78 ostringstream oss;
79 oss<<" In Matrix::Matrix(int row,int col),col "<<col<<" <=0.Pleasecheck it.";
80 throw oss.str();
81 }
82
83 m_data=new double*[row];
84 for(int i=0;i<row;i++)
85 {
86 m_data[i]=new double[col];
87 }
88}
89
90//copy constructor
91Matrix::Matrix(const Matrix& m):m_row(m.m_row),m_col(m.m_col)
92{
93 m_data = new double*[m_row];
94 for(int i=0;i<m_row;i++)
95 {
96 m_data[i] = new double[m_col];
97 }
98
99 for(int i=0;i<m_row;i++)
100 {
101 copy(m.m_data[i],m.m_data[i]+m_col,m_data[i]);
102 }
103
104}
105
106Matrix::~Matrix()
107{
108 if(m_data != 0)
109 {
110 for(int i=0;i<m_row;i++)
111 {
112 delete[] m_data[i];
113 }
114 delete[] m_data;
115 }
116}
117
118void Matrix::SetZero()
119{
120 for(int i=0;i<m_row;i++)
121 fill(m_data[i],m_data[i]+m_col,0);
122}
123
124void Matrix::SetUnit()
125{
126 for(int i=0;i<m_row;i++)
127 for(int j=0;j<m_col;j++)
128 m_data[i][j] = (i==j)?1:0;
129}
130
131void Matrix::SetSize(int size)
132{
133 Clear();
134 Create(size,size);
135}
136
137
138void Matrix::SetSize(int row,int col)
139{
140 Clear();
141 Create(row,col);
142}
143
144
145void Matrix::Clear()
146{
147
148 if(m_data != 0)
149 {
150 for(int i=0;i<m_row;i++)
151 {
152 delete[] m_data[i];
153 }
154 delete[] m_data;
155 }
156
157 m_row=0;
158 m_col=0;
159 m_data=0;
160}
161
162/*
163Matrix& Matrix::Create(int size)
164{
165 if(size<=0)
166 {
167 ostringstream oss;
168 oss<<"In Matrix::Create(int size),size "<<size<<" <=0.Please check it.";
169
170 throw oss.str();
171 }
172
173 if(m_data != 0)
174 {
175 for(int i=0;i<m_row;i++)
176 {
177 delete[] m_data[i];
178 }
179 delete[] m_data;
180 }
181
182 m_row=size;
183 m_col=size;
184
185 m_data=new double*[size];
186 for(int i=0;i<size;i++)
187 {
188 m_data[i]=new double[size];
189 }
190
191 for(int i=0;i<size;i++)
192 {
193 for(int j=0;j<size;j++)
194 {
195 m_data[i][j] = ((i==j)?1:0);
196 }
197 }
198
199 return *this;
200}
201*/
202
203void Matrix::Create(int row,int col)
204{
205 if(row<=0)
206 {
207 ostringstream oss;
208 oss<<"In Matrix::Create(int row,int col),row "<<row<<" <=0.Please check it.";
209 throw oss.str();
210 }
211 if(col<=0)
212 {
213 ostringstream oss;
214 oss<<"In Matrix::Create(int row,int col),col "<<col<<" <=0.Please check it.";
215 throw oss.str();
216 }
217
218 if(m_data != 0)
219 {
220 for(int i=0;i<m_row;i++)
221 {
222 delete[] m_data[i];
223 }
224 delete[] m_data;
225 }
226
227 m_row=row;
228 m_col=col;
229 m_data=new double*[row];
230 for(int i=0;i<row;i++)
231 {
232 m_data[i]=new double[col];
233 }
234}
235
236
237int Matrix::GetRow() const
238{
239 return m_row;
240}
241
242int Matrix::GetCol() const
243{
244 return m_col;
245}
246
247//transpose 转置
248Matrix Matrix::Transpose() const
249{
250 Matrix ret(m_col,m_row);
251 for(int i=0;i<m_row;i++)
252 {
253 for(int j=0;j<m_col;j++)
254 {
255 ret.m_data[j][i] = m_data[i][j];
256 }
257 }
258 return ret;
259}
260
261int Matrix::Pivot(int row) const
262{
263 int index=row;
264
265 for(int i=row+1;i<m_row;i++)
266 {
267 if(m_data[i][row] > m_data[index][row])
268 index=i;
269 }
270
271 return index;
272}
273
274
275Matrix& Matrix::Exchange(int i,int j) // 初等变换:对调两行ri<-->rj
276{
277 if(i<0 || i>=m_row)
278 {
279 ostringstream oss;
280 oss<<"In void Matrix::Exchange(int i,int j) ,i "<<i<<" out of bounds.Please check it.";
281 throw oss.str();
282 }
283
284 if(j<0 || j>=m_row)
285 {
286 ostringstream oss;
287 oss<<"In void Matrix::Exchange(int i,int j) ,j "<<j<<" out of bounds.Please check it.";
288 throw oss.str();
289 }
290
291 for(int k=0;k<m_col;k++)
292 {
293 swap(m_data[i][k],m_data[j][k]);
294 }
295
296 return *this;
297}
298
299
300Matrix& Matrix::Multiple(int index,double mul) //初等变换 第index 行乘以mul
301{
302 if(index <0 || index >= m_row)
303 {
304 ostringstream oss;
305 oss<<"In void Matrix::Multiple(int index,double k) index "<<index<<" out of bounds.Please check it.";
306 throw oss.str();
307 }
308
309 transform(m_data[index],m_data[index]+m_col,m_data[index],bind2nd(multiplies<double>(),mul));
310 return *this;
311}
312
313
314Matrix& Matrix::MultipleAdd(int index,int src,double mul) //初等变换 第src行乘以mul加到第index行
315{
316 if(index <0 || index >= m_row)
317 {
318 ostringstream oss;
319 oss<<"In void MultipleAdd(int index,int src,double k) index "<<index<<" out of bounds.Please check it.";
320 throw oss.str();
321 }
322
323 if(src < 0 || src >= m_row)
324 {
325 ostringstream oss;
326 oss<<"In void MultipleAdd(int index,int src,double k) src "<<src<<" out of bounds.Please check it.";
327 throw oss.str();
328 }
329
330 for(int j=0;j<m_col;j++)
331 {
332 m_data[index][j] += m_data[src][j] * mul;
333 }
334
335 return *this;
336
337}
338
339
340//inverse 逆阵:使用矩阵的初等变换,列主元素消去法
341Matrix Matrix::Inverse() const
342{
343 if(m_row != m_col) //非方阵
344 {
345 ostringstream oss;
346 oss<<"In Matrix Matrix::Invert() const. m_row "<<m_row<<" != m_col "<<m_col<<" Please check it";
347 throw oss.str();
348 }
349
350 Matrix tmp(*this);
351 Matrix ret(m_row); //单位阵
352 ret.SetUnit();
353
354 int maxIndex;
355 double dMul;
356
357 for(int i=0;i<m_row;i++)
358 {
359
360 maxIndex = tmp.Pivot(i);
361
362 if(tmp.m_data[maxIndex][i]==0)
363 {
364 ostringstream oss;
365 oss<<"In Matrix Matrix::Invert() const 行列式的值等于0.Please check it";
366 throw oss.str();
367 }
368
369 if(maxIndex != i) //下三角阵中此列的最大值不在当前行,交换
370 {
371 tmp.Exchange(i,maxIndex);
372 ret.Exchange(i,maxIndex);
373
374 }
375
376 ret.Multiple(i,1/tmp.m_data[i][i]);
377 tmp.Multiple(i,1/tmp.m_data[i][i]);
378
379
380 for(int j=i+1;j<m_row;j++)
381 {
382 dMul = -tmp.m_data[j][i];
383 tmp.MultipleAdd(j,i,dMul);
384 ret.MultipleAdd(j,i,dMul);
385
386 }
387
388 }//end for
389
390 for(int i=m_row-1;i>0;i--)
391 {
392 for(int j=i-1;j>=0;j--)
393 {
394 dMul = -tmp.m_data[j][i];
395 tmp.MultipleAdd(j,i,dMul);
396 ret.MultipleAdd(j,i,dMul);
397 }
398 }//end for
399
400 return ret;
401}
402
403
404
405// assignment operator 賦值运算符
406Matrix& Matrix::operator= (const Matrix& m)
407{
408 if(m_data != 0)
409 {
410 for(int i=0;i<m_row;i++)
411 {
412 delete[] m_data[i];
413 }
414 delete[] m_data;
415 }
416
417 m_row = m.m_row;
418 m_col = m.m_col;
419
420 m_data = new double*[m_row];
421 for(int i=0;i< m_row;i++)
422 {
423 m_data[i] = new double[m_col];
424 }
425
426 for(int i=0;i<m_row;i++)
427 {
428 copy(m.m_data[i],m.m_data[i]+m_col,m_data[i]);
429 }
430 return *this;
431}
432
433
434//binary addition 矩阵加
435Matrix Matrix::operator+ (const Matrix& m) const
436{
437 if(m_row != m.m_row)
438 {
439 ostringstream oss;
440 oss<<"In Matrix::operator+(const Matrix& m) this->m_row "<<m_row<<" != m.m_row "<<m.m_row<<" Please check it.";
441 throw oss.str();
442 }
443 if(m_col != m.m_col)
444 {
445 ostringstream oss;
446 oss<<" Matrix::operator+ (const Matrix& m) this->m_col "<<m_col<<" != m.m_col "<<m.m_col<<" Please check it.";
447 throw oss.str();
448 }
449
450 Matrix ret(m_row,m_col);
451 for(int i=0;i<m_row;i++)
452 {
453 transform(m_data[i],m_data[i]+m_col,m.m_data[i],ret.m_data[i],plus<double>());
454 }
455 return ret;
456}
457
458//unary addition 求正
459Matrix Matrix::operator+() const
460{
461 return *this;
462}
463
464//binary subtraction 矩阵减
465Matrix Matrix::operator- (const Matrix& m) const
466{
467 if(m_row != m.m_row)
468 {
469 ostringstream oss;
470 oss<<"In Matrix::operator-(const Matrix& m) this->m_row "<<m_row<<" != m.m_row "<<m.m_row<<" Please check it.";
471 throw oss.str();
472 }
473 if(m_col != m.m_col)
474 {
475 ostringstream oss;
476 oss<<"In Matrix::operator- (const Matrix& m) this->m_col "<<m_col<<" != m.m_col "<<m.m_col<<" Please check it.";
477 throw oss.str();
478 }
479
480 Matrix ret(m_row,m_col);
481 for(int i=0;i<m_row;i++)
482 {
483 transform(m_data[i],m_data[i]+m_col,m.m_data[i],ret.m_data[i],minus<double>());
484 }
485 return ret;
486}
487
488//unary substraction 求负
489Matrix Matrix::operator-() const
490{
491 Matrix ret(*this);
492
493 for(int i=0;i<m_row;i++)
494 for(int j=0;j<m_col;j++)
495 ret.m_data[i][j] *= -1;
496
497 return ret;
498
499}
500
501
502//binary multiple 矩阵乘
503Matrix Matrix::operator*(const Matrix& m) const
504{
505 if(m_col != m.m_row)
506 {
507 ostringstream oss;
508 oss<<"In Matrix::operator*(const Matrix& m) this->m_col "<<m_col<<" != m.m_row "<<m.m_row<<" Please check it.";
509 throw oss.str();
510 }
511
512 Matrix ret(m_row,m.m_col);
513 Matrix tmp=m.Transpose();
514
515 for(int i=0;i<m_row;i++)
516 {
517 for(int j=0;j<m.m_col;j++)
518 {
519 ret.m_data[i][j]=inner_product(m_data[i],m_data[i]+m_col,tmp.m_data[j],0.0);
520 }
521 }
522
523 return ret;;
524}
525
526//friend scalar multiple 数乘
527Matrix operator* (double d,const Matrix& m)
528{
529 Matrix ret(m);
530
531 for(int i=0;i<ret.m_row;i++)
532 for(int j=0;j<ret.m_col;j++)
533 ret.m_data[i][j] *= d;
534
535 return ret;
536
537}
538
539//binary matrix division equivalent to multiple inverse矩阵除,等价于乘以逆阵
540Matrix Matrix::operator/(const Matrix& m) const
541{
542 return *this * m.Inverse();
543}
544
545//binary scalar division equivalent to multiple reciprocal数除,等价于乘以此数的倒数
546Matrix Matrix::operator/(double d) const
547{
548 return 1/d * (*this);
549}
550
551//friend division
552Matrix operator/(double d,const Matrix& m)
553{
554 return d * m.Inverse();
555}
556
557
558// subscript operator to get individual elements 下标运算符
559double Matrix::operator()(int i,int j) const
560{
561 if(i<0 || i>= m_row)
562 {
563 ostringstream oss;
564 oss<<"In double Matrix::operator()(int i,int j) const.i "<<i<<" out of bounds.Please check it";
565 throw oss.str();
566 }
567 if(j<0 || j>= m_col)
568 {
569 ostringstream oss;
570 oss<<"In double Matrix::operator()(int i,int j) const.j "<<j<<" out of bounds.Please check it";
571 throw oss.str();
572 }
573
574 return m_data[i][j];
575}
576
577// subscript operator to set individual elements 下标运算符
578double& Matrix::operator ()(int i,int j)
579{
580 if(i<0 || i>= m_row)
581 {
582 ostringstream oss;
583 oss<<"In double Matrix::operator()(int i,int j) const.i "<<i<<" out of bounds.Please check it";
584 throw oss.str();
585 }
586 if(j<0 || j>= m_col)
587 {
588 ostringstream oss;
589 oss<<"In double Matrix::operator()(int i,int j) const.j "<<j<<" out of bounds.Please check it";
590 throw oss.str();
591 }
592
593 return m_data[i][j];
594}
595
596//to string 化为标准串
597string Matrix::ToString() const
598{
599 ostringstream oss;
600 for(int i=0;i<m_row;i++)
601 {
602 copy(m_data[i],m_data[i]+m_col,ostream_iterator<double>(oss," "));
603 oss<<"\n";
604 }
605
606 return oss.str();
607}
608
609// outputt stream function 输出
610
611ostream& operator<<(ostream& os,const Matrix& m)
612{
613 for(int i=0;i<m.m_row;i++)
614 {
615 copy(m.m_data[i],m.m_data[i]+m.m_col,ostream_iterator<double>(os," "));
616 os<<'\n';
617 }
618 return os;
619}
620
621// input stream function 输入
622istream& operator>>(istream& is,Matrix& m)
623{
624 for(int i=0;i<m.m_row;i++)
625 {
626 for(int j=0;j<m.m_col;j++)
627 {
628 is>>m.m_data[i][j];
629 }
630 }
631 return is;
632}
633
634
635// reallocation method
636
637// public method for resizing matrix
638
639// logical equal-to operator
640
641// logical no-equal-to operator
642
643// combined addition and assignment operator
644
645// combined subtraction and assignment operator
646
647// combined scalar multiplication and assignment operator
648
649
650// combined matrix multiplication and assignment operator
651
652// combined scalar division and assignment operator
653
654// combined power and assignment operator
655
656// unary negation operator
657
658// binary addition operator
659
660// binary subtraction operator
661
662// binary scalar multiplication operator
663
664// binary scalar multiplication operator
665
666// binary matrix multiplication operator
667
668// binary scalar division operator
669
670
671// binary scalar division operator
672
673// binary matrix division operator
674
675// binary power operator
676
677// unary transpose operator
678
679// unary Inverse operator
680
681// Inverse function
682
683// solve simultaneous equation
684
685// set zero to all elements of this matrix
686
687// set this matrix to unity
688
689// private partial pivoting method
690
691// calculate the determinant of a matrix
692
693// calculate the norm of a matrix
694
695// calculate the condition number of a matrix
696
697// calculate the cofactor of a matrix for a given element
698
699// calculate adjoin of a matrix
700
701// Determine if the matrix is singular
702
703// Determine if the matrix is diagonal
704
705// Determine if the matrix is scalar
706
707// Determine if the matrix is a unit matrix
708
709// Determine if this is a null matrix
710
711// Determine if the matrix is symmetric
712
713// Determine if the matrix is skew-symmetric
714// Determine if the matrix is upper triangular
715
716// Determine if the matrix is lower triangular
另有标准C语言版本。