Appium教程

Appium工作原理

支持多平台、多语言

appium是跨平台的，可以用在OSX，Windows以及Linux桌面系统上运行。
appium选择了Client/Server的设计模式。只要client能够发送http请求给server，那么的话client用什么语言来实现都是可以的，这就是appium及Selenium(WebDriver)如何做到支持多语言的原因；
appium扩展了WebDriver的协议，没有自己重新去实现一套。
这样的好处是以前的WebDriver API能够直接被继承过来，以前的Selenium（WebDriver）各种语言的binding都可以拿来就用，省去了为每种语言开发一个client的工作量；

1、安装Appium

方式一 npm install -g appium --registry=https://registry.npm.taobao.org

方式二 安装appium-desktop桌面版（https://github.com/appium/appium-desktop/releases）

2、安装appium-doctor

2.1 Android

MacBookPro:redis-4.0.9 zhangxm$ appium-doctor --android
info AppiumDoctor Appium Doctor v.1.15.3
info AppiumDoctor ### Diagnostic for necessary dependencies starting ###
info AppiumDoctor  ✔ The Node.js binary was found at: /usr/local/bin/node
info AppiumDoctor  ✔ Node version is 12.16.0
info AppiumDoctor  ✔ ANDROID_HOME is set to: /Users/zhangxm/Library/Android/sdk
info AppiumDoctor  ✔ JAVA_HOME is set to: /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_121.jdk/Contents/Home
info AppiumDoctor    Checking adb, android, emulator
info AppiumDoctor      'adb' is in /Users/zhangxm/Library/Android/sdk/platform-tools/adb
info AppiumDoctor      'android' is in /Users/zhangxm/Library/Android/sdk/tools/android
info AppiumDoctor      'emulator' is in /Users/zhangxm/Library/Android/sdk/emulator/emulator
info AppiumDoctor  ✔ adb, android, emulator exist: /Users/zhangxm/Library/Android/sdk
info AppiumDoctor  ✔ Bin directory of $JAVA_HOME is set
info AppiumDoctor ### Diagnostic for necessary dependencies completed, no fix needed. ###
info AppiumDoctor 
info AppiumDoctor ### Diagnostic for optional dependencies starting ###
WARN AppiumDoctor  ✖ opencv4nodejs cannot be found.
WARN AppiumDoctor  ✖ ffmpeg cannot be found
WARN AppiumDoctor  ✖ mjpeg-consumer cannot be found.
WARN AppiumDoctor  ✖ bundletool.jar cannot be found
WARN AppiumDoctor  ✖ gst-launch-1.0 and/or gst-inspect-1.0 cannot be found
info AppiumDoctor ### Diagnostic for optional dependencies completed, 5 fixes possible. ###
info AppiumDoctor 
info AppiumDoctor ### Optional Manual Fixes ###
info AppiumDoctor The configuration can install optionally. Please do the following manually:
WARN AppiumDoctor  ➜ Why opencv4nodejs is needed and how to install it: https://github.com/appium/appium/blob/master/docs/en/writing-running-appium/image-comparison.md
WARN AppiumDoctor  ➜ ffmpeg is needed to record screen features. Please read https://www.ffmpeg.org/ to install it
WARN AppiumDoctor  ➜ mjpeg-consumer module is required to use MJPEG-over-HTTP features. Please install it with 'npm i -g mjpeg-consumer'.
WARN AppiumDoctor  ➜ bundletool.jar is used to handle Android App Bundle. Please read http://appium.io/docs/en/writing-running-appium/android/android-appbundle/ to install it
WARN AppiumDoctor  ➜ gst-launch-1.0 and gst-inspect-1.0 are used to stream the screen of the device under test. Please read https://appium.io/docs/en/writing-running-appium/android/android-screen-streaming/ to install them and for more details
info AppiumDoctor 
info AppiumDoctor ###
info AppiumDoctor 
info AppiumDoctor Bye! Run appium-doctor again when all manual fixes have been applied!
info AppiumDoctor 

opencv4nodejs

第一步：安装cmake并配置环境变量
　　1、打开terminal执行：cmake —version，提示未安装
　　2、安装cmake步骤：
　　CMake http://www.cmake.org/
　　我是下载的CMake的dmg文件，图形界面安装，但安装完后在命令行中运行不了cmake命令，需要将cmake命令添加到环境变量中。
（1）打开 .bash_profile 文件配置环境变量，终端输入 open -e .bash_profile
　　打开的文件加入下面两句，保存修改即可。
　　 # Add Cmake Root to Path
　　 export CMAKE_ROOT=/Applications/CMake.app/Contents/bin/（你自己的安装目录）
　　 export PATH=$CMAKE_ROOT:$PATH
（2）更新刚配置的环境变量：
　　输入source .bash_profile
（3）再次执行cmake —version，提示安装成功
第二步、执行：npm -g install opencv4nodejs
　　等待安装完成，则看到已成功安装。

ffmpeg

brew install ffmpeg

mjpeg-consumer

npm install -g mjpeg-consumer

bundletool.jar cannot be found

到https://github.com/google/bundletool/releases下载bundletool.jar的最新版本，下载到的这个jar的文件名可能有带版本号，无论是什么，都改名为bundletool.jar。
在前面创建的sdk目录下，创建一个子目录bundle-tool，把bundletool.jar放在这个子目录下。
给这个子目录和这个jar文件，增加权限。执行下面的脚本：
chmod +x
chmod +x bundletool.jar
在全局变量PATH中，增加bundletool.jar的路径，如下所示：
expert PATH=${PATH}:$ANDROID_HOME/bundle-tool

gst-launch-1.0

brew install gstreamer gst-plugins-base gst-plugins-good gst-plugins-bad gst-plugins-ugly gst-libav

2.2 IOS

MacBookPro:bundle-tool zhangxm$ appium-doctor --ios
info AppiumDoctor Appium Doctor v.1.15.3
info AppiumDoctor ### Diagnostic for necessary dependencies starting ###
info AppiumDoctor  ✔ The Node.js binary was found at: /usr/local/bin/node
info AppiumDoctor  ✔ Node version is 12.16.0
info AppiumDoctor  ✔ Xcode is installed at: /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer
info AppiumDoctor  ✔ Xcode Command Line Tools are installed in: /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer
info AppiumDoctor  ✔ DevToolsSecurity is enabled.
info AppiumDoctor  ✔ The Authorization DB is set up properly.
info AppiumDoctor  ✔ Carthage was found at: /usr/local/bin/carthage. Installed version is: 0.23.0
info AppiumDoctor  ✔ HOME is set to: /Users/zhangxm
info AppiumDoctor ### Diagnostic for necessary dependencies completed, no fix needed. ###
info AppiumDoctor 
info AppiumDoctor ### Diagnostic for optional dependencies starting ###
WARN AppiumDoctor  ✖ opencv4nodejs cannot be found.
info AppiumDoctor  ✔ ffmpeg is installed at: /usr/local/bin/ffmpeg. ffmpeg version 4.2.2 Copyright (c) 2000-2019 the FFmpeg developers
info AppiumDoctor  ✔ mjpeg-consumer is installed at: /usr/local/lib. Installed version is: 2.0.0
WARN AppiumDoctor  ✖ set-simulator-location is not installed
WARN AppiumDoctor  ✖ idb and idb_companion are not installed
WARN AppiumDoctor  ✖ applesimutils cannot be found
info AppiumDoctor  ✔ ios-deploy is installed at: /usr/local/bin/ios-deploy. Installed version is: 1.9.1
info AppiumDoctor ### Diagnostic for optional dependencies completed, 4 fixes possible. ###
info AppiumDoctor 
info AppiumDoctor ### Optional Manual Fixes ###
info AppiumDoctor The configuration can install optionally. Please do the following manually:
WARN AppiumDoctor  ➜ Why opencv4nodejs is needed and how to install it: https://github.com/appium/appium/blob/master/docs/en/writing-running-appium/image-comparison.md
WARN AppiumDoctor  ➜ set-simulator-location is needed to set location for Simulator. Please read https://github.com/lyft/set-simulator-location to install it
WARN AppiumDoctor  ➜ Why idb is needed and how to install it: https://github.com/appium/appium-idb
WARN AppiumDoctor  ➜ Why applesimutils is needed and how to install it: http://appium.io/docs/en/drivers/ios-xcuitest/
info AppiumDoctor 
info AppiumDoctor ###
info AppiumDoctor 
info AppiumDoctor Bye! Run appium-doctor again when all manual fixes have been applied!
info AppiumDoctor 

set-simulator-location

brew install lyft/formulae/set-simulator-location

ios-deploy

sudo npm install -g ios-deploy —unsafe-perm=true

applesimutils

brew tap wix/brew
brew install applesimutils

idb

brew tap facebook/fb
brew install idb-companion
pip3.7 install fb-idb

3、新建SpringBoot工程

pom文件加载需要的java-client包

https://github.com/appium/java-client

How to install latest java client Beta/Snapshots

Java client project is available to use even before it is officially published to maven central. Refer jitpack.io

Maven

Add the following to pom.xml:
<repositories>
    <repository>
        <id>jitpack.io</id>
        <url>https://jitpack.io</url>
    </repository>
</repositories>

Add the dependency:

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.github.appium</groupId>
    <artifactId>java-client</artifactId>
    <version>latest commit ID from master branch</version>
</dependency>