首先了解到一、 二
一、（MySQL下创建用户并且赋予权限）root用户创建yong用户的SQL语句
CREATE USER 'yong'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'yong2022';
GRANT USAGE ON * . * TO 'yong'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'yong2022' WITH MAX_QUERIES_PER_HOUR 0 MAX_CONNECTIONS_PER_HOUR 0 MAX_UPDATES_PER_HOUR 0 MAX_USER_CONNECTIONS 0 ;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES ;
二、(数据库登录)
1、后台启动mysql服务
/data/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe&
【
2、新安装数据库，设置mysql用户名密码
/data/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'yong2022'
】
3、用户登录数据库
/data/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -pyong2022
三、MySQL主从库配置
目的： 将192.168.73.31（主机）的root用户下的math和mathlog这两个database 备份到 192.168.73.32（从机）的root用户下，其他database不要求备份
1、在主机中创建用户repl, 一般不给该用户赋予访问root的权限
CREATE USER 'repl'@'192.168.73.31' IDENTIFIED BY 'yong2022';
2、改变主机的mysql配置文件：/data/mysql/etc/my.cnf【其中和主从相关语句已用 "# ****" 标注】
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
datadir = /data/mysql/var
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
skip_external_locking
key_buffer_size = 384M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 512
sort_buffer_size = 2M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M
thread_cache_size = 8
query_cache_size = 32M
thread_concurrency = 4
log_bin_trust_function_creators = 1/
# handler socket
loose_handlersocket_port = 9998
loose_handlersocket_port_wr = 9999
loose_handlersocket_threads = 16
loose_handlersocket_threads_wr = 1
open_files_limit = 65535
log-bin=mysql-bin
server-id = 1 # ****
read-only = 0
binlog-do-db =math # ****
binlog-do-db =mathlog # ****
binlog-ignore-db=information_schema # **** 不需要备份的database
binlog-ignore-db=test # **** 不需要备份的database
# innodb
innodb_data_home_dir = /data/mysql/var
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:2000M;ibdata2:10M:autoextend
innodb_log_group_home_dir = /data/mysql/var
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 384M
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 20M
innodb_log_file_size = 100M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 4M
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 256M
sort_buffer_size = 256M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M
[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
3、登录到主机mysql的root用户，执行以下语句使从库有访问repl的权限
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'repl'@'192.168.73.31' IDENTIFIED BY 'yong2022';
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE, REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'repl'@'192.168.73.31'IDENTIFIED BY 'yong2022';
执行语句：
mysql> show master status;
此时，记录下来File: xxxx 和 Position: yyyy 的值
4、改变从机的mysql配置文件：/data/mysql/etc/my.cnf 【其中和主从相关语句已用 "# ****" 标注】
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
datadir = /data/mysql/var
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
skip_external_locking
key_buffer_size = 384M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 512
sort_buffer_size = 2M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M
thread_cache_size = 8
query_cache_size = 32M
thread_concurrency = 4
log_bin_trust_function_creators = 1/
# handler socket
loose_handlersocket_port = 9998
loose_handlersocket_port_wr = 9999
loose_handlersocket_threads = 16
loose_handlersocket_threads_wr = 1
open_files_limit = 65535
log-bin=mysql-bin
server-id = 2 # ****区别于主机
master-host=192.168.73.31 # ****
master-user=repl # ****
master-password=yong2022 # ****
master-port=3306 # ****
master-connect-retry=60 # ****
replicate-do-db=math # ****
replicate-do-db=mathlog # ****
replicate-ignore-db=information_schema # ****
replicate-ignore-db=test # ****
# innodb
innodb_data_home_dir = /data/mysql/var
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:2000M;ibdata2:10M:autoextend
innodb_log_group_home_dir = /data/mysql/var
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 384M
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 20M
innodb_log_file_size = 100M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 256M
sort_buffer_size = 256M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M
[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
5、登录从机的root用户，执行以下语句
mysql> stop slave;
mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.73.31',
master_user='repl',
master_password='yong2022',
master_log_file='xxxx',
master_log_pos=yyyy;
mysql> start slave;
mysql> show slave statusG(这条SQl语句加";"会报错)
6、当
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
表示主从连接建立成功。
7、测试：可在主机的math下做操作，到从库root用户下验证查看。
本文经过测试。
参考博文：
http://www.cnblogs.com/wanglikai91/archive/2012/04/17/2454503.html
http://www.cnblogs.com/yangligogogo/articles/1939938.html
http://wangwei007.blog.51cto.com/68019/965575